Kwinkqubo yokusebenza kwexesha elide ngalo naluphi na ufakelo lwe-boiler, umphengeli kunye ne-perdarerrur ihlala inxibelelana namanzi anemilinganiselo eninzi. Zizinto ezizezinyeliso - iityuwa zentsimbi kunye nabanye-hlala kwindawo eshushu yeenxalenye, ezinokukhokelela ekuqulunqweni komgangatho ongafunekiyo.
Zintathu iindlela zokuhlamba i-boiler: i-hydrodynamic, umatshini, ubunzima.
Isikali esibonakalayo sinciphisa ukuqhubela phambili kwenkqubo yonke, ekhokelela ekunyukeni kweendleko zombane, ukwaphula ngokusasazwa okufanelekileyo kwe-boiler nge-boiler.
Kungenxa yoko le nto ukuhlanjwa kwabafundi abasuka kwisikali yinkqubo ebaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka yenziwe.
Iindidi eziphambili ze-boiler ezigungxulayo
Iskimu sokucoca se-boiler.
Phantsi kokuhlanjwa kwabafundi, kuyimfuneko ukuqonde lonke uluhlu lweziganeko, ngexesha, ngoncedo lweendlela zomzimba okanye zekhemikhali ukusuka kwi-boiler, isikali se-axial sisusiwe ngokupheleleyo. Namhlanje, iindidi ezimbini eziphambili zahlulahlulwe: Ukulungiswa kwaye rhoqo. Ngokubhabha rhoqo kweebhedi ngeenxalenye zofakelo lwe-boiler, inani elincinci lomgangatho ophakanyisiweyo liyasuswa. Umsebenzi wokulungisa wenziwa kakhulu, oko kukuthi, kwiimeko apho uqhekeka rhoqo ukunceda.
Ngokugungqa rhoqo akukho mfuneko yokukhuthaza inkqubo. Yonke imisebenzi yenziwa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezizodwa. Enkosi kule ndlela, kunokwenzeka ukuthintela ukwenzeka kwezixa ezikhulu zenqanaba. Ke unokuthintela iimeko zongxamiseko. I-Boilersing rhoqo yokutshutshisa kubalulekile ukuba isebenze ngomonakalo woomatshini, enxulumene nonyuso lwengcinezelo ngaphakathi kwenkqubo ngenxa yeebhloko. Ukuqhekeka rhoqo kufuneka kwenziwe iminyaka embalwa, kodwa phantsi kwemiqathango yokusebenza rhoqo kwenkqubo yokufudumeza, eli xesha liyacetyiswa ukuba lincitshiswe. Lo msebenzi unokwenziwa kwindawo, enciphisa iindleko zokuhambisa iinkonzo.
Xa ilungisa ukuhlamba, kufuneka ukhuthaze ngokupheleleyo le nkqubo. Le nkqubo yenziwa ukuba ukusebenza kwakhona kwenkqubo kuqikelelwa njengengakhuselekanga. Umsebenzi onjalo uhlala uveliswa yindlela ebonakalayo, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kokushiywa kwemichiza kunokwenzeka.
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Ufakelo olukhethekileyo lusetyenziselwa ukuqhula ii-boilers, okanye ezibizwa ngokuba zii-boosters. Olu fakelo yinkqubo ebanzi equka iibhloko ezimbini. Umsebenzi wee-boosters ezinoyilo olulula lunzima kakhulu kwaye lufuna i-accounting kwizinto ezininzi ezincinci. Ezo zinto kufuneka zibandakanye iimpawu zoyilo lofakelo lwe-boiler ngokwayo, kunye nokukwazi ukuhlengahlengisa ezo paramitha njengamaqondo obushushu kunye noxinzelelo lokucoca izisombululo ngokwayo.
Umgaqo wokuhlamba usebenzisa i-boosters
Iskimu sesixhobo se-boiler.
Umgaqo wokuhambahamba usebenzisa i-boosters imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: Iarhente ekhethekileyo yokucoca ukuhlamba igalelwe kwitanki yokufakelwa. Okulandelayo, i-arster ngokusebenzisa imingxunya ekhoyo iqhagamshelwe kufakelo lwe-boiler, emva koko impompo iqale ukusebenza, eyahlula isixhobo sokutyhala kwi-boiler. Esi sisombululo sijikeleza kuyo yonke inkqubo apho inyibilikisa khona. Ngapha koko, isisombululo sonke siyasuswa lusiseko, yonke into ihlanjwa ngamanzi. Oko kukuthi, inokuphikiswa ukuba eyona block iphambili ye-booster yimpompo yenziwa sisixa esikhulu sawo wonke umsebenzi wokuhlamba ii-bolers. Ukongeza, ezinye izinto zidlalwa ngendima ebalulekileyo: itanki ye-regent, yokufudumeza (ishumi).
Itanki ye-booster sisitya se-hermetic, eyenziwayo isebenzisa izixhobo ezinganyangekiyo nemichiza. Le yimeko eyimfuneko yokusebenzisa itanki, kuba isikhongozeli sinomtsalane omde kunye nemithombo yeendaba. I-acter kufuneka ihlale ikhusela amaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Rhoqo inqaku lokufudumeza lifakwe kwitanki, i-hebularha yombane. Umsebenzi wayo ulele ekufudubeni kwesisombululo sokuqhushumba kubushushu obuthile. Yinkqubo ezi neentsuku ezifake iitheyile ezingena elona mpumelelo liphezulu kunye nesantya somsebenzi.
Eyona nxalenye iphambili kolu fayili yimpompo. Inika lo msebenzi ulandelayo: ukondla isisombululo sokucoca kwitanki yofakelo ngokwakho kwinkqubo, kulungiswa kakhulu kulungiso oluphezulu kwinkqubo, isuse amanzi ayo echithe ulwelo kunye nenqanaba lokugqibela - i-vesing i-boiler ngamanzi.
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Amathuba e-pump ye-booster kufuneka abe nayo
Umzobo we-bowwer Pump.
Ngokusekwe kule misebenzi, impompo ye-booster kufuneka ibe nezi mpawu zilandelayo:
- Ukubakho kokusebenza xa kusebenza nemithombo yeendaba. Impompo kufuneka iqinisekise ngokuzodwa kwee-fluids ezinoburharha kwindalo yangaphandle.
- Ukukwazi ukulawula uxinzelelo. Xa uhlamba umbizi, umthamo weegesi uqalisa ukwahlula-hlula uxinzelelo kwinkqubo, ngoko ke impompo kufuneka ibenobuchule onjalo njengokwehla koxinzelelo.
- Impompo kufuneka ibe nomsebenzi wokusebenza kwimodi yokubuyela umva. Oku kubuyiselwa umva kuyadingeka ukususa ulwelo lokucoca kwi-boiler System. Ukusuka kule ndlela ngqo kuxhomekeke ekusebenzeni kwalo lonke inkqubo.
- Impompo kufuneka ikwazi ukunxibelelana nobonelelo lwamanzi. Inqanaba lokugqibela eligudileyo linokufumana ukuhlamba inkqubo ngamanzi empompo, ekufuneka ivela kunikezelo lwamanzi aphakathi.
Kusekho inani leemfuno ezifanelekileyo zezixhobo (ii-boosters). Umzekelo, ufakelo lofakelo lwemingxunya ye-dirin yenkqubo ye-Boiler kufuneka itywinwe ngokupheleleyo. Ukongeza, isisombululo sokucoca kufuneka sibe nokungathathi cala ngaphambi kokuba sibe ngumsebenzi. Ungalibali malunga nendlela yokhuseleko. Le ndlela ithathwa njengeyona ndlela isebenzayo nenoqoqosho ukuze ihlambe umbhexeshi.
Ukulungisa i-Boiles eziqhumayo kufuneka isetyenziswe kwiimeko ezinqabileyo xa ubungakanani benqanaba elithintela ukusasazeka okufanelekileyo kwendlela yokuphola kwinkqubo ye-Boiler. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukutyhoboza kwe-boiles ezingenayo kuyabiza kakhulu kunokugungxulwa rhoqo, ngoko kusetyenziswa kwiimeko ezinzima.
Iindlela zokuhlamba i-boiler
Namhlanje ziphindwe ezintathu zokuhlamba umbhexeshi:
- hydrodynamic;
- oomatshini;
- Banzi.
Iskimu sesakhiwo se-boiler.
Indlela yokuqala neyesithathu inobuchule obukhulu. Ukuba ukubhubha rhoqo kungazimele uqinisekile, emva koko ukulungiswa kungcono ukuthemba iingcali, kuba kusekho umngcipheko omkhulu wokonakalisa le nxalenye okanye yinxalenye yombizi.
Ukugungxulwa koomatshini kwenkqubo ye-Boiler kukususa isikali kwizinto ezingcolisekileyo usebenzisa izixhobo zabo zokusebenza usebenzisa izixhobo ezizodwa. Iirandi zensimbi okanye iibrashi zingasetyenziswa njengezixhobo, kunye neentloko zangaphandle kunye neentloko zomoya okanye idrive yombane.
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Ngale ndlela yokuhlamba, kufuneka unike ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ekukhetheni izixhobo. Oku kungenxa yokuba umngcipheko womonakalo we-boiler up. Oku akunakuvunyelwa, kuba inkqubo yokuthukiswa kwezinto zensimbi yenkqubo ye-Boiler iya kukhawulezisa. Kungenxa yoko le nto kufuneka ilandele ngokungqongqo imigaqo yokusebenza kwezixhobo ezikhethiweyo.
Ingozi encinci yi-hydrodynamic imvume ye-Boilers ukusuka kwinqanaba. Kule ndawo isuswe, isikali sisuswa kumalungu e-Boiler usebenzisa ijethi yamanzi enamandla phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu. Imveliso ephezulu kakhulu apha kunokuba yindlela yokuqala. Le ndlela inobuhlobo ngokusingqongileyo, imichiza kunye nezinto ezinobungozi azisetyenziswa apha.
Kukho indlela yesithathu - ukugungxula okuntsonkothileyo kwasekalini. Apha, njengoko kucacile egameni, indibaniselwano yeendlela isetyenziswa. Umzekelo, ukucocwa komatshini kunye nokucocwa kwamachiza kusetyenziswa kwizinto ezikhoyo.
Kufanelekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukugungxulwa kwemichiza imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: amalungu angcolisekileyo athatyathwe kwinkqubo ye-Boiler kwaye abekwe kwisikhongozeli ngesisombululo sokucoca iiyure ezininzi. Emva koko, bahlanjwa phantsi kwamanzi abalekayo kwaye banyuse kwinkqubo.
Iziseko zokuhlawula iikhemikhali
Hlamba i-boiler ngezisombululo ezisekwe kwityuwa, i-SULFUR, iphosphoric okanye i-nitric acid: zinepropathi ephezulu. Ukulungiselela le ndlela, kuyimfuneko ukuqhelisela i-acid kwinxalenye ethile yamanzi.
Kwaye ukusilela, kunye nokugungxulwa kweekhemikhali ze-imbaring ye-boiler ukusuka kwinqanaba leqhutywa ngamanqanaba aliqela. Ngamnye wabo uya kwazisa amachaphaza abongezelelweyo kwi-regent. Oku kungenxa yokusetyenziswa kwe-ACID: Ukuphucula impendulo enezinto ezibandakanyiweyo kwi-ACID, i-acid iphulukana neepropathi ze-oxidative.