Iimfama zizixhobo zokuhlengahlengisa inqanaba lokukhanya okuKhanyayo egumbini. Iquka i-lamellae ethe tye okanye ethe nkqo. Iimveliso zihlala zilawulwa ngesandla, kodwa iimodeli ziveliswa ngedrive ezenzekelayo.
Ukuguqulelwa kwegama legama eliboniyo le-wikipedia injengekhwele, umona. Ilizwi elivela kwisiFrentshi nabemi baseMpuma, abakhusela umhlobiso lomhlobiso kunye nabafazi babo bevela kwimibono ye-piry. Kweli nqaku, qwalasela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemfama kunye neempawu zazo.
Imbali yembonakalo yeemfama
Okokuqala, iimfama ziyakhankanywa ngenkulungwane ye-18
Ukuveliswa kweemveliso eziziimpawu ze-analogues zemfama yanamhlanje, ixhonywe kwixesha elidlulileyo.
Ukukhankanya iimfama ezikhusela iifestile ekukhuseleni iifestile zokukhanya ezivela kwiPhiladelphia, zaza zavelisa uMyili wazo uJohn Webster, ngemvelaphi yomntakwabo.
Kwi-Egypt yamandulo yase-Egypt ukusuka elangeni bakhuselwa yimigca ye-cane
Ngokutsho kweminye imithombo inokubonwa ukuba i-theagues yemfama yanamhlanje ngendlela yamagqabi amaninzi ahlukeneyo asetyenziswa empuma ukukhusela amagumbi avela kwilanga elikwi-Scorching.
UFaro wamandulo wase-Egypt wasebenzisa imithombo ye-cane ukukhusela igumbi lokukhanya.
Abafazi baseCurtitsayam bathanda ukuntywila inkanuko kubantu abadlulayo, ababenokubona umfanekiso wabo phakathi kweemfama ezivulekileyo.
I-Shutter-Bhalis
Kwiminyaka ephakathi yaseYurophu, izixhobo ezifihla abafazi kwigumbi lokufumana izimvo ezinomona zasetyenziswa. Zenziwe ngomthi othe tyaba kunye nomhlaba othe nkqo.
Ukubhengezwa kweemfama kumaphepha amaphepha amadala amadala
Ngokuthe ngcembe, iimfama zaqalisa ukwandisa ihlabathi liphela, zifikelela iMelika, zangenziwanga ngoomasipala bezomzi-mveliso kaJohn Hampton ngo-1941, nge-28. Julayi 28. Kwenza utshintsho kwisixhobo, lusongeze kwi-windows yolawulo lwencwadi. Emva koko, ukukhutshwa kwesininzi kwakuqala, iimveliso zazithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabantu.
ERussia, iimfama ezithe nkqo kwaye ezithe tye kunye ne-wikipedia zaqala ukuthandwa ukusuka ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini.
Inkcazo yezitshixo
Iimfama ziveliswa ngoomatshini kunye nolawulo oluzenzekelayo, zimele isixhobo esiqukayo:
- I-EAVES, ezakhiweyo kwi-Mechanism, iLamellas ekhokelayo ngokuhamba;
- I-Lamellas ethe tye, ethe nkqo i-lamellas okanye i-tisvanes ye-tissuse;
- Izinto ezongeziweyo (imixokelelwane, iintambo, amacones).
Ngokwezinto ngokubanzi, iimveliso ezifundwayo ziyadweliswa:
- ngokuthe tyaba;
- nkqo;
- I-fissure ikhuselo kunye neengqengqele.
Kuxhomekeka kwizinto, ezahlulwe:
- ialuminiyam;
- iplastiki;
- I-bamboo;
- ilaphu;
- I-Iltiment.
I-lamellas iqhotyoshelwe kwii-EVE, itshintshiwe, nganye kuzo inokuthi itshintshwe xa kukho imfuneko.
Imigca yeplastiki yeyona iphindaphileyo, itshise ngokukhawuleza, ityheli kwaye iphule kwiziphumo zokukhanya kwelanga. Izinto eziseleyo (i-Aluminium, i-bamboo, ilaphu) linokusebenza kwiminyaka eli-10 kuye kweli-25.
Iimfama zilungele ukuhlengahlengisa kwaye ukhethe ngaphakathi
Izibonelelo
Iimfama luhlobo lwamakhethini eewindow, kodwa ngokusebenza ngokubanzi, baneengenelo ezininzi:- ummiselo wenqanaba lokukhanyisela ngaphakathi;
- Ukhuseleko lwabantu abangabaziyo;
- Sukuphazamisa ukuhamba komoya xa iwindow ivulekile;
- ikhethwe nangayiphi na ingaphakathi legumbi;
- Ukuthuthuzelwa kulawulo, ngokulula ukukhathalela.
Ikhethwe ngokufanelekileyo ngaphakathi kwi-Inter engaphakathi kwezibonisi eziboniyo ziya kugxininisa kuzo zonke izibonelelo zoyilo loyilo.
Izitshixo ezithe tyaba
Iimfama ezithe tye yimitya ethe tyaba eqhotyoshelwe kwii-eves, idityaniswe esebenzisa intambo.
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Izixhobo zokwenza:
- Imitya yeAluminiyam yoluhlu olubanzi lwemibala emibala, ububanzi 16, 25, 35 mm. Yiba nobomi benkonzo ende, ogqunywe ngepeyinti ngohlobo lwemoto, ungapheli, ungaphuli. Ukuba band bagod, umkhondo uza kuhlala kwindawo yendawo.
Imiyalelo yokusebenza esebenzayo
- Izinto zokufakelwa okwenziwe phantsi kweenkuni, ii-Lamella Ububanzi be-25, 50 mm. Ibizixabiso eliphantsi kunezixhobo zendalo, umgangatho ophezulu uxelisa iinkuni, ngokulula ukukhetha imodeli kwaye ufake umbala kuyilo lwegumbi.
- Izinto zendalo: iinkuni, i-bamboo inika i-ntuthuzelo yegumbi. Ilungele ukucocwa kwezakhiwo kwisitayile seklasikhi. Ngemveliso, ububanzi beebhendi ezingama-25 ne-50 mm ngemithunzi yeenkuni zendalo ziyasetyenziswa. Kuxabisa kakhulu ngenxa yemfuno yokuqhubekiswa kwezinto ukuze akunike ukuqina kunye namandla.
- Iimodeli zeplastiki zisetyenziswa kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke, zineendleko ezincinci, kodwa zitshise kwaye ziphule xa zivezwa ukukhanya kwelanga.
Xa ufaka iimfama ezithe tye kwi-SAH SASH, uthenge ulungiso olungezantsi, luya kuthintela imveliso ukuba igcinwe xa iwindow ivulwe kwimowudi ye-ventilation.
Iimveliso ziqhotyoshelwe kwifestile ngoncedo lweebakaki ezimbini zentsimbi, ukuba kukho imfuneko, iCornice isuswa ngokulula enkundleni.
Iimfama zenziwa ngokobungakanani kunye noyilo, unoku-odola umshicileli wefoto. Iimodeli zeplastiki zithengiswa kwifom egqityiweyo, ivelise eyona nto ifunwayo.
Imigaqo yoLawulo lobudoda ethe tyaba
Ukuze imveliso yexesha elide, kufuneka ulawule ngokuchanekileyo:
- Lungelelanisa isidanga sokukhanya ngokutshintsha i-engile yokujikeleza kweeLamellas, usebenzisa i-cane yokujikeleza;
- Ukuphakamisa i-canvas, ukuthwala intambo phantsi, kwaye ishiye, ukutsala intambo phezulu;
- Ukulungisa ukuphakama okufunekayo, sithatha intambo ukusuka embindini we-canvas kwaye siyeke.
Ngaphambi kokuphakamisa / ukushiya iwebhu, kufuneka uguqule imitya kwi-rops yendawo ethe tyaba ngaphandle komgangatho.
Iifestile ezithe nkqo
I-lamella yemfama ethe nkqi idla ngokubekwenziwa ngamatye afakwe kwi-leaprations enengoma ekhethekileyo.
Iimfama ezithe nkqo azisetyenziswanga kuphela eofisini kuphela, iindawo zikawonke-wonke, kodwa kunye namagumbi aphilayo, izindlu zelizwe. Ziqulathe iCornice ngemithi ethe nkqo iqhotyoshelwe kuyo, eqhotyoshelwe kumphezulu ngoncedo lwabaphengululi abakhethekileyo.
I-Lamellae yenziwa ngezicubu ezifakwe kwingoma ekhethekileyo enika uxinano, i-antistatic kunye nezokuziphindezela. Ilaphu unokukhetha naluphi na uxinzelelo, ukungafihli, umbala wombala kufanelekile ngaphakathi kwegumbi.
Uhlobo lweemfama ezomeleleyo
Iindidi zokungena:
- Ukuhambahamba;
- ekuvuleni;
- Ngaphakathi kokuvulwa.
Ulawulo:
- Amachiza atshintshelwe ngasekunene okanye ngasekhohlo;
- iguqukile kwimiphetho embindini;
- Imigca ihamba kude embindini ukuya kwimiphetho, kwaye itshintshe ngasekunene okanye ngasekhohlo.
I-chain yokulawula ibekwe nakweliphi na icala elihle. Ububanzi bebala le-89 ne-127 mm. Ungayimongela njani iiNtlukhuni ezithe nkqo, jonga le vidiyo:
Eyona mitya isetyenziswa kakhulu yobubanzi obuncinci, ama-lamellas ebanzi ijongeka ilungile ngokudibeneyo ngeewindows ezinkulu.
Iifestile ezithe nkqo zeplastiki
Iimfama ezithe nkqo ngeplastiki amaLamellas zisetyenziswa kwiivenkile, iiofisi, iindawo zonyango, izindlu zabucala, ezilungele amagumbi anomswakama ophezulu.Sukufuna ukhathalelo olukhethekileyo lokucoca ukusuka eluthulini ngokwaneleyo ukusula ngendwangu emanzi.
Imodeli yeplastiki inketho efanelekileyo yokufakwa kwindawo apho iimfuno ezizodwa zenkonzo yesohlwayo kunye ne-pideniological ziyaboniswa.
Iiplies ze-plies
Iipluuts zenziwe ngephepha okanye zelaphu
I-plissa yindwangu eqokelelwe kwisibonda. Ukuveliswa, iindwangu zisetyenziswa, ukukhanya okungabonakaliyo okuvela ekubonakaleni ngokupheleleyo.
Iimodeli ezinesakhiwo seselula zenziwa apho iindawo ezimbini zokugcina zidibene, isakhiwo esivunyiweyo sikuvumela ukuba unyuse ipropathi yokufaka i-shirmal yegumbi.
Ilungisa lofakelo kwizinto ezivulekileyo zeefomu ezingezo meko: enziwe, trapezoidal kunye nokujikeleza.
I-cert
Ii-quint amakhethini zilungele ukukhusela ilanga
Ii-quint amakhethini ziintlobo ngeentlobo zeempawu, zimele inxeba le-canvas ye-shaft, yenza umsebenzi we-sunscreen kwaye ukhusela ngokujonga iimbono ze-piy.
Yenziwe kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwebhokisi:
- Iibhokisi ezivaliweyo zibonakala zikhuselwe ngobuhle kakhulu ekungeneni kothundo ngaphakathi kwendlela, izikhokelo zecala kwi-tissule zithintela ukonga kwawo. Xa ilinganiswa, kuyimfuneko ukuba bamisele ngokucacileyo ubungakanani bemveliso egqityiweyo.
- Ibhokisi evulekileyo ifakiwe ekuvuleni ngoncedo lweentaba zecala apho kufakwe khona ishaft. Ulawulo lwenzeka ngoncedo lwendlela ye-chain ngokutsala inqanaba lelaphu evuthayo kwishayile.
Kwindlela yokuLungelelwanisa:
- ukusuka kwindwangu etyhutyhayo enomgangatho ophezulu wokuhambisa ukukhanya;
- Ukuxinana kwephakathi;
- I-munse, engadlulisi ukukhanya;
- Inkqubo yenkqubo yobusuku.
Amakhethini awenziwa ngokobukhulu bomntu, unokukhetha iwebhu yomgangatho ofanelekileyo kunye nombala.
Xa uyilo loyilo lutshintshiwe, i-canvas kulula ukuyibuyisela ngokuseta entsha kwibhokisi esele ikho.
Uqengqeleka i-cerceain suku semini-ebusuku
Eyona nto inzima kwaye isebenza yinkqubo yemini yasebusuku, eyenziwe ngee-canvases ezimbini ezikhoyo ngokuhambelana kwaye zitshintshe iindlela ezibonakalayo neziqinileyo. Xa ilaphu lihamba, inqanaba lokukhanyisela lihlengahlengiswa, ukuba kukho imfuneko, igumbi limnyama ngokupheleleyo. Malunga nendlela yokulinganisa iwindow kwaye ufake i-rogt roll suku lwe-roll-ubusuku babona kule vidiyo:I-bamboo iqhekeza amakhethini
I-jute laleayile
I-bamboo iqengqele i-qambulula ilungele uyilo lwe-classic ingaphakathi. I-Bamboo Stems iqhagamshelwe ziintambo ezincinci eziqhotyoshelwe kwi-shaft. I-canvas ixinene kakhulu, ayithinteli, ke akufuneki ukuba kuqhutyekwe izikhokelo ezithe nkqo.
Jtute rust
Iintsinga zemvelo ze-Jute zisetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kwe-canvas, olo hlobo lokusasazeka lusasazeke kwaye lunceda ukugcina ubushushu kwigumbi ebusika kwaye lupholile ehlotyeni. Amakhethini anebhokisi evulekileyo nevaliweyo yenziwe.Ulawulo lombane
Izivalo zombane zilawulwa kwi-console
Iidrives zombane zanamhlanje zikuvumela ukuba ufake imodeli ekhethiweyo ekuvulekeni kwayo nayiphi na ifom, inokufakwa igqitywe ngenzwa yesikhanyiso okanye ixesha elifanelekileyo, ilungele inkqubo yekhaya elizenzekelayo.
Imoto yombane yakhiwe ebhokisini, apho kukhanyiswe khona kulungiswa egumbini. Inkqubo ilawulwa ngokusebenzisa iphaneli yokulawula okanye i-sensor ifakwe eludongeni. Indlela yokulawula inokuqwalaselwa ngulawulo yimveliso nganye nganye okanye kwiqela eliyimfama ekhethiweyo ngaxeshanye.
Inkqubo ezenzekelayo isetyenziswa kwizindlu ezinkulu, izakhiwo ze-ofisi, i-cinemas kunye nezinye izibonelelo zoluntu nezabucala.
Iingcebiso zokukhetha imfama
Yintoni onokuyijonga xa ekhetha uhlobo kunye nemodeli yobumfama:
- Sizimisele ngendlela eyoyikisayo: kwiphahla, ekuvuleni, ngaphakathi kokuvulwa. Ukuyilwa kwakhona indawo, kungcono ukulungisa iCornice xa kuvulwa, kodwa kukuqina kwakho kufuneka ube nendawo yokuguqula i-slats. Olu khetho aluchaphazeli igumbi apho iWindows ixinene okanye kukho ii-vases ezineentyatyambo.
- Phakathi kwemveliso esezantsi yemveliso kunye neWindows kufuneka ihlale ingumqalo we-1-2 cm.
- Xa unamathela kwiCornice evulekileyo, i-windows ihleli ingenasimahla.
- Sukukhetha iCornice yeplastiki, inepropathi yomsebenzi. Inketho efanelekileyo iya kuba zii-aluminium ezipeyintiweyo zibhalwe ngombala odityanisiweyo kunye nemivimbo.
- Iimodeli ezithe nkqo zenziwa ngamandla zenziwe kwindibaniselwano yeplastiki kunye nelaphu, elinokuthi zibekwe kumatye aliqela. Isisombululo esinjalo sokuyila sidala isiphumo sekhethini elinamakhethini e-tulli.
- Xa u-odola iimodeli zamagumbi anomswakama ophezulu, kungcono ukukhetha i-canvas ye-fiberglass, iimodeli zeplastiki kunye nezensimbi, njengoko zicocekile kwaye azoyiki impembelelo yokufuma.
- Kwigumbi lokuhlala kunye neofisi ngesiTyhilekayo kuya kujonga iimodeli ngemivimbo yeJacquard.
- I-Indoor enenkqubo ye-acoustic ayicetyiswanga ukufaka iimodeli zensimbi kunye neplastiki, njengoko ziya kuthi zigqwetha isandi. Funda ngakumbi malunga nento ekufanele ukuba ithathele ingqalelo xa ukhetha iimfama, jonga le vidiyo:
Ukufakwa kwezibonisi eziboniyo sisisombululo esihle sokwenza uyilo lwendawo yokuhlala okanye loluntu.
Ungawubona njani ubungakanani beemfama
Xa ufaka iCornice xa kuvulwa, umlinganiso wenziwa uthatha ingqalelo kwizibonelelo ezingama-30 mm kwicala ngalinye lefestile. Ukuba imveliso iyakwenyuka ngokususwa kwemibhobho, emva koko i-200-300 mm yongezwa.
Xa u-odola ubude bobrakra, sithathela ingqalelo ububanzi befestile.
Ukuthembeka okukhulu kukho uyilo olubekelwe isilingi. Ngeenkcukacha ngendlela yokususa iimfama kwaye ugcine, jonga kule vidiyo:
Xa ufaka evuliwe, ububanzi obuyalelwe yi-10 ukuya kwi-20 mm mfutshane kunokuvula iifestile, ngelixa i-angle yethambeka ithathelwa ingqalelo.
Ukuba iWindows ayifakwanga ngokwenqanaba lenqanaba, akuyimfuneko uku-odola iimodeli ezifakwe ngaphakathi kokuvulwa, zigxininisa izitenxo kwindawo yayo.
Kumlinganiso ochanekileyo kunye nokufakelwa kwemveliso, unokumema ingcali okanye, usebenzisa imiyalelo, yenza imilinganiselo ngokwakho.
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