Impompo engaphantsi kwamanzi amdaka ilula kwaye ngamanye amaxesha iyimfuneko yendlu yabucala. Indlela enjalo ihlala isebenza, ibaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha imodeli okanye iyunithi yezinto ezininzi zabantu bonke.
Inqaku lePumps enjalo kukufakelwa kwabo kumphezulu (ngokuchasene nokungena ncam, ngqo kwimveliso ePumped) yeemveliso. Kulwelo kwimpompo engaphezulu, i-hose kuphela okanye i-nozzle ingene.
Umda wesicelo
Ngokungafaniyo neemodeli zempompo zenzelwe ukuphakamisa kunye nokuhambisa kwimibhobho ecocekileyo yamanzi, impompo yotywala obungcolisekileyo Ayoyiki i-inzuzo eqinileyo nethambileyo . Nangona kunjalo, amandla eemodeli ahlukile - ukuba ezinye ziyakwazi ukumpompa amanzi nge-sludge, ke abanye bayakwazi ukujamelana neengoma zokubonisa ulwelo. Lo mzuzu kufuneka ufunyenwe kwinqanaba lokukhetha, unikezwe umda wempompo.Kwindlu yabucala okanye kwi-cottage, i-pump yokugqogqa ye-centrifugal yamanzi amdaka inokusetyenziselwa:
- Ukuntywila kwigumbi elingaphantsi okanye ii-cullars ngexesha lezikhukula okanye xa kusenzeka imeko kaxakeka,
- Impompo yokutsala i-quelts,
- Ukuntywila kwe-quasulative okanye iiseti zendlela kunye nemingxunya,
- Ukuntywila kwamachibi, imithombo, indawo yokugcina amanzi, ukuba ukucoca ngokufanelekileyo, ukulungiswa, okanye ngaphambi kokwenzeka kobusika,
- Ukubonelelwa ngokuhlanjululwa ngokuyinxalenye okanye amanzi aphantsi komhlaba ukusuka kumngxunya okanye kwi-drainage yams (i-quds), ukuqhuba isaqhwithi sezityalo zokunkcenkceshela,
- Izixhobo zokunkcenkceshela zisebenzisa indawo yokugcina indalo,
- Ukuntywila kweekhitshi ekwakhiweni kwendlu okanye izakhiwo ezigqithisileyo, ukuba amanzi aphantsi komhlaba aphezulu kwindawo.
Iindidi zempompo
Xa ukhetha imodeli yempompo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba impompo engaphezulu kwamanzi amdaka, ixabiso elibonakala ngathi linomtsalane, kufuneka libe nobuchule obuthile. Ukuvavanya iimeko zokusebenza ezihlanjuliweyo kunye nemisebenzi ebekiweyo, kuthelekisa ngeempawu zemodeli. Ukuze uluhlu lwezinto ezahlukeneyo kuluhlu olulula ukuya endleleni, kuya kufuneka wazi uphawu lweempawu ezithile zeendidi.
- Iimpompo zeCentrifugal I-captly pumps impompo ngomxholo ophezulu wokungcola olwenziweyo ukuba ubungakanani bomgangatho ophezulu wezinto zokubandakanya amasuntswana awadluli kwi-10 mm. Ukuqinisekisa ukuqina kweepumps, kubalulekile ukuba i-Medium yoRhwebo ayisiyongxaki yekhefu ngokubhekisele kwizinto zesixhobo sezinto zokondla. Eyona ithandwa kakhulu ziimveliso zolu luhlu lwe-console monoblock.
Umphezulu we-centrifal cappeda pamp yamanzi amdaka
- I-pumps ye-props Bahlulahlulwe ngamandla aphezulu kwaye babanzi bathelekiswa nezinye izinto zemveliso. Ezo zinto zidibeneyo zikwakwazi ukuphelisa i-pumputer ye-insud ye-inflizur ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10 mm, nangona kunjalo, oomatshini bokuhambisa amanzi bavumela umxholo ophezulu wokungcola, kunye ne-slim ibizwa ngokuba yi-slim). Uncedo lweempompo zolu luhlu luluhlu olubanzi lwamaqondo obushushu osebenza (ukusuka-10 ° C ukuya kwi-90 ° C, kuxhomekeke kwimodeli). Uyilo lokuzingca uvumela ukuba uphakamise i-fluid ukuya kuthi ga kwiimitha ezili-9.
- Iimodeli ze-screw Iimpompo ziyakwazi ukutyibilika viscous ezingcolisekileyo, kunye nemivimbo enezinto ezinkulu ezaneleyo. Ke ngoko, kuyilo olunje lunempompo fecal kumanzi amdaka. Ukuba kukho indawo yokugcina kwindawo okanye ecaleni kwayo, nokuba ibe mncinci kwaye ingcolile kwaye ingcolile, impompo yomphezulu we-screw iya kuvumela ukusetyenziswa kweebhedi. Iimpompo zolu luhlu ziyakwazi ukuthutha ulwelo ngamaqondo obushushu ukuya kwi-75 ° C.
- I-membrane yokuzingca Iimveliso zivumela ubukho kumanzi abukhalimele amanzi angama-50% amasuntswana angena-infline ngomgca ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50 mm. Ngale ndlela, ungamisa amajelo kunye nemithi, ukusukela kwiimeko ezinjalo kusenokuba kungekuphela nje kwisanti kunye nokungcola ngamanzi, kodwa namaso ehlabathi, njl.
Umpu ongaphezulu komhlaba ongcolileyo ingaba ishiyekile okanye iselfowuni . Kwimeko yokuqala, uyilo lucetyiswa ukuba ukhethe ngokusisigxina okanye rhoqo. Umzekelo, xa usebenzisa amanzi esiphango okanye amanzi avela kwisebe lamanzi lokunkcenkceshela, kungcono ukumisa ubuchule endaweni, kunokuba uyihambisile apho rhoqo.
Impompo yempompo ye-pumiling ye-pilo ye-pilo ye-pilo ye-pilo engafakwanga i-pilo ifakiwe okanye isetyenziswe njengesixhobo esiphathwayo.
Iimodeli zempompo zefowuni zinokuphathwa (zingamandla amancinci) okanye zixhotywe amavili axhotywe kumgaqo wenqwelwana (ngeempawu eziphezulu zobugcisa). Zikhethelwe ukusetyenziswa ngamaxesha ngamaxesha, umzekelo, kwiimeko zongxamiseko, ukuthwala ichibi, elifuneki ngaphezulu kwamaxesha aliqela ngonyaka, njl.
Iimpawu zempompo zomphezulu zamanzi angcolisekileyo
Nasiphi na impompo yokuzivocavoca ngokwakho amanzi amdaka anezibonelelo kunye nezinto ezingalunganga, ngenxa yoko kubalulekile ukuqondeka kakhulu iimodeli xa ukhetha.Izibonelelo zoncedo lwe-Puming Godgates zolu hlobo zibandakanya:
- Ukungafuneki kunye nokukhululeka kokusebenza, ngenxa yokuba ubuchule obunokuthuthwa ngokulula kwaye bafakwe phantse kuyo nayiphi na indawo oyifunayo. Iimeko ezaneleyo zobukho bendawo ethe tyaba kunye nokuba kungenzeka ukuba kudityaniswe kwigridi yamandla.
- Amaxabiso aphezulu eeparamitha eziphambili zokusebenza kwepumps, kubandakanya ukuphakama kwenqanaba lokuphakamisa kunye noxinzelelo olufunekayo kwihambo ethe tyaba ngombhobho.
- Ukwanda kokunxiba okungakumbi kweendawo eziphambili kunye neenxalenye, ngenxa yesidingo sokuhlangabezana nemithwalo emikhulu, kwaye nokunxibelelana nezixhobo eziqinisekileyo kumanzi amdaka, ezinokuba neepropathi ezimdaka.
- Ukukwazi kweempompo ukuya emsebenzini wexesha elide ngaphandle kokuqhawula itekhnoloji.
- Isezantsi, ngokuthelekisa iiyunithi ezingena nzulu, iindleko.
I-minis ye-pumps engaphezulu-yile:
- Ukungakwazi ukuphakamisa amanzi ukusuka emazantsi equla elinzulu, imingxunya okanye imizimba yamanzi (njengomgaqo, ukuphakama, ukuphakama, ukuphakama, ukuphakama, ukuphakama, ukuphakama, ukuphakama, ukuphakama kokuphakanyiswa kweemodeli zolu hlobo akudluli kwi-8 m).
- Ingxolo ephezulu xa usebenza (rhoqo okanye ihlala isebenza endlwini okanye kufutshane neefestile kwisayithi Iimpompo ibekwe kwiminquba yesandi Ukuqinisekisa intuthuzelo).
- Isidingo sokulungisa ngokuchanekileyo imiyalelo xa ufaka i-hose ye-hose okanye i-nozzle ngenxa yengozi yengozi kwimeko yokophula umthetho. Ukuba umnini wekhaya akanamava ayimfuneko, kungcono ukusebenzisa uncedo lwengcali.
Imigaqo esebenzayo
Ngaphandle kokudityaniswa kwazo zonke iimpompo zolu hlobo, umntu kufuneka abuze ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba uzisebenzise ngokuhambisa amanzi acocekileyo. Isenokubonakala ngathi ipompo ikwazi ukumpompa ulwelo olungcolileyo kukwazi ukujongana nokucoceka, nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi, amanqaku oyile akavumeli ithuba elinjalo (umzekelo, ngenxa yokutsala kakhulu).
Impompo engaphantsi ye-aiken emdaka
Kukho eminye imigaqo eya kuthi iqinisekise ukuqina kunye nokusebenza ngokukhululekileyo kwempompo yomphezulu:
- Iimodeli zalo naluphi na uhlobo alunakuphumelela emanzini.
- Ukunxibelelana nomthombo wamandla kufuneka kwenziwe ngemoto yokhuseleko, okuya kuthintela ukusilela kweyunithi yokupeyinta kwi-voltage jumpge.
- Qiniseka ukuba uthobela imiqathango yokusebenza yempompo ngokunxulumene nokuqulunqwa kolwelo (ipesenti yokungcola, ubushushu obuvumelekileyo, ubushushu bekhemikhali, ubushushu obuphakathi).
- Akunakwenzeka ukuthutha (kubandakanya ukuhamba, ukuntywila, ukutshiza) impompo yokusebenza.
- Ukusetyenziswa konyaka ngepump, kubalulekile ukuthatha inkathalo yokufakelwa kobushushu kunye nenkqubo yokufudumeza ukuthintela ukukhululwa.
Ibhunga ngokukhetha impompo
Ukuchonga iimpawu zemfuno ezifunekayo, ungasebenzisa imigaqo:- Intsebenzo Ibalwa ngokulula ngokwahlula ivolumu yolwelo oluqhutywa (umzekelo, iphuli egadini) yexesha apho le volumu ishukunyiswe (ilahlekile). Iimpompo ezinemveliso ngakumbi zinamandla aphezulu.
- Qikelela Uxinzelelo lweempawu Kuya kuba lula ukuba ucinga ukuba imitha nganye yokuphakamisa ihambelana neemitha ezili-10 zokuhamba kwe-fluid ngokuthe tye. Ke, ngaphandle kokusesikweni kwengxelo yokuba uxinzelelo lufanele ukuba lube ngaphantsi kobunzulu bendawo yokugcina indawo okanye indawo yokugcina indawo, ubalo luya kubandakanya i-fluad fluid kumgama othile.
Iimodeli ezithandwayo kunye namaxabiso
Ezi yuni iiyunithi zempompo zilandelayo kufuneka zichazwe kwezona meko zidumileyo zisebenzayo nezisebenzayo ezisebenzayo:
Impompo yomphezulu we-pedrollo
- I-Pedrollo ge. Ukusuka kumenzi we-Itali odumileyo - iimpompo zenzelwe ufakelo ngaphakathi nangaphantsi kwemibhambi. Oomatshini bayakwazi ukusebenza kumaqondo obushushu angaphandle ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10 ° C, ngelixa kuluhlu lobushushu lolwelo oluvela ku -10 ° C ukuya kwi-90 ° C. Inqaku elakhayo lobukho be-impless, enkosi apho Impompo iyakwazi ukutyibilika ulwelo olungcolisekileyo. Isondo le-staight lingamelanga i-corrosion kunye nefuthe lemiphumo ye-thasives yamasuntswana aqinileyo. Iimpawu zomsebenzi kufuneka zibandakanye isidingo sokugcwalisa inkqubo ngamanzi ngokusebenzisa umngxunya okhethekileyo phambi kokuqala. Ixabiso lePumps 17.27.6 amawaka e-ruble.
- Iimoto I-CACLEDA C. Nemvelaphi yase-Itali. Bazifezekise iimpompo ezinokuthenjwa kwaye zizodwa ezizenzelwe ukuba zityumke ngotywala umxholo ophakathi (ubungakanani bomgca-ukuya kuthi ga kwi-4 mm). Kuxhomekeka ekusebenzeni kweempawu, iindleko ze-14.6 yamawaka iruble inokubakho (amandla - 0.15 kw) ukuya kwi-28.8 i-ruble. (1.1 Akukho).
Inqaku ngesihloko: Lunxibelelana njani nonxibelelwano lwe-crane kunye nokufakwa kwendlu yangasese ukuya kunikezelo lwamanzi?