Enye yeengxaki eziphambili zalo naliphi na icandelo lomhlaba yindawo egqithisileyo emhlabeni. Ngenxa yoko, iinkqubo ezingathandekiyo ezifana nokuzimisela kwamanzi kwisitepsi, isikhukula kwigumbi elingaphantsi, i-blur yomhlaba, umqengqelo wengcambu yemithi kunye nezihlahla, ukutshabalalisa ngaphambi kwexesha lesiseko sezakhiwo. Ungajamelana nokucaphukisa umswakama, unemidlalo enamachaphaza kule ndawo ngezandla zakho. Kuyo yonke imithetho, amanqanaba e-surection yamanqanaba uninzi lweengxaki ezinxulumene nokuphinda ukuphindwa komswakama komhlaba.
I-crainage kunye nesicelo
Inkqubo yokuqhutywa kwempahla inokwenziwa nakweliphi na iyelenqe. Inemimandla ebekwe kumhlaba wombhobho okanye kwimijelo, amaqula kunye nezinto zokhuselo lwenkqubo. Inkqubo enjalo yokuqokelela umswakama ongenakwenziwa kunye nokufuma komhlaba yenzelwe, ngokunjalo kukukhokelela kwindawo ethile okanye ngaphaya kwendawo.Isixhobo sokuntywila kwicebo liyimfuneko kwezi meko zilandelayo:
- Indawo yokuntywila. Amanzi afikayo kumhlaba ophantsi komhlaba akanalo ixesha lokuthathwa emhlabeni, okukhokelela kwi-puddles, kwaye umhlaba uyaphulukana nesakhiwo sayo. Ifaneleke kakhulu kwimihlaba yodongwe;
- Kwimeko yomkhenkce okanye izikhukula kwigumbi elingaphantsi leNdlu okanye kwigumbi elingaphantsi;
- Ukuba isiseko kunye neendonga zesakhiwo saqala ukugutyungelwa ngamatye avela kugqithiselo lomhlaba;
- Ukuba iwindow okanye umnyango ojijekileyo;
- Ukuhlamba umhlaba phantsi kweendlela, iindawo ezipeyintiweyo;
- Ukuba indawo ibekwe kwinduli okanye kwi-Louhlaza.
Ingcebiso: Ukudala inkqubo ye-crainage kunqwenelekayo kakhulu ukuba amanzi aphantsi komhlaba kwindawo yakho inobunzulu obuyi-1.5 m okanye ngaphantsi.
Iindidi zeenkqubo zokuhambisa amanzi
Kuxhomekeka kuyilo kunye nenqanaba lokuthintela izinto zenkqubo, iindidi ezimbini zeenkqubo ze-crainage zahlukile:
Nye. I-sub . Iphawuleka kwindawo yendawo yenethiwekhi ye-tentels, ukususa umswakama ukuwa ngendlela yovavanyo. Umphezulu we-Spart yendawo unokwenziwa kwiinguqulelo ezimbini:
- Umgca . Olu luthungelwano lwee-gutters zereyitha ezifakwe kwimingxunya kumqamelo wegrabile. Zonke ii-gutters zine-bias ukuya kumqokeleli wamanzi malunga ne-3 degrees. Kwiziteshi, i-mesges yamanzi kwi-Weest okanye ithunyelwe ngaphaya kwemida yendawo. Zonke iigutst zigutyungelwe ziitshitshisi ukuze zikhusele kwinkunkuma;
Kwimifanekiso yomgangatho womgangatho wefoto ukusuka kwi-trays yetreyini
- Ikotoni . Lo ngumthombo wamanzi, odibana namanzi ngokuthe ngqo kumbhobho wokuhambisa amanzi. Abafuna abafuna imvula banokuba ngandlela ithile. Zonke ziqhagamshelwe yinkqubo yemibhobho ethe nkqo kunye nethe tyaba ngamanzi esaqhwithi.
Inqaku le-disage idla ngokusetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo nomgca
2. I-Drainage enzulu . Isakhiwo esinjalo siyinkqubo yemibhobho enesidima ebekwe kubunzulu obuthile, ngezantsi kwenqanaba lomhlaba. I-sublage enzulu kwindawo, eyenziwe ngezandla zayo, ijamelana ngokugqibeleleyo ne-drainage kwimihlaba yodongwe, kunye nobukho bamanzi aphantsi komhlaba.
I-Prionala enzulu ye-Plot yenziwa ngefoto yabo ibonisa ukubonwa
Ukulungiswa kwenkqubo yoyilo lweparafage
Xa umzobo wendawo yendawo ulungisiwe, i-numes ezininzi kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo, ukulungiselela ukusebenza kunye nokuqina kwenkqubo yokuntywila kuxhomekeke kwiprojekthi.Inqaku lokuqwalasela amanqaku:
- Ukutshixelwa kwenkqubo yokuqhutywa kwemisebenzi kuhlala kuzaliseka, emva kokuphela kokuphela kokwakha i-fess. Izixhobo zokwakha zibekwe kwisiza zinokonakalisa izinto zomphezulu;
- Iprojekthi kufuneka ibonakaliswe kuko konke okusemandleni ukuhambelana nenkqubo yokutya;
- Kuyimfuneko ukwazi inqanaba lokuvela kwicandelo lakho lamanzi aphantsi komhlaba;
- Phonononga ubume kunye nolwakhiwo lomhlaba kwindawo enenzondelelo eyahlukileyo;
- Le projekthi kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo ubukho bezixhobo ezixhaswe emhlabeni. Isemgangathweni esemgangathweni ekhaya, i-celler, umphantsi, kakuhle;
- Cinga ngamaziko ale ndawo;
- Ukuntywila kweyelenqe legadi kufuneka kwenziwe kunye nendawo yezihlahla kunye nemithi;
- Thatha ingqalelo inani le-spiments ye-spiments ngokunxulumene nendawo yakho.
Yintoni eza kufuneka ivule kwaye ivaliwe
I-cloinage efanelekileyo kwindawo yelizwe kunye nezandla zabo zibonisa ukusetyenziswa kweentlobo ezithile zezinto zokwakha. Iinkqubo zokuhambisa amanzi ziya kufuna izinto ezahlukeneyo.
1. Ukwenza i-sundoge yomphezulu inokufuneka (kuxhomekeke kuhlobo):
- abafuna imvula;
- Ikhonkrithi yePolymer / i-Polymerpess okanye itreyitha yeplastiki ezokugungxulwa kwamanzi kwindawo eyabelwe;
- iiSandwocien abakhonza ukukhusela inkunkuma eyahlukileyo ekungeneni kwenkqubo;
- I-LATTIDs eyenziwe ngentsimbi okanye iplasitiki, eya kuthi igqunywe ngamatrayi;
- Isanti, apho umqamelo ophantsi kwe-gutters kunye nesamente iya kwenziwa ukubazingcwaba.
I-trays trays ukusuka kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nemvula
2. Kwinkqubo enzulu, kuya kufuneka uthenge:
- Umbhobho ocociweyo, apho amanzi aya kuqokelelwa khona. Kungcono ukusebenzisa iimveliso zePolymeric. Ukuba abanayo imingxunya, baya kuncitshiswa yedwa. Ububanzi bombhobho mabungabi ngaphantsi kwe-10 cm;
- I-Geotextle, eya kuthi isebenze njengento yokucoca;
- I-Fittings kunye nokuCocklings zokudibanisa imibhobho kwinkqubo enye;
- Ukubukela i-Weones, enkosi ekunokwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke ukuba ihlole inkqubo kwaye icoce;
- IPHEPHA LOKUQHALASELWA AMANQAKU AMANQAKU AYAFUMANA;
- Impompo apho ukumpompa amanzi ukusuka kwi-Wells ye-Manabllne kuya kuthotywa ukuba kucetyelwe ukuba kwakhiwe;
- isanti yokulungiselela ulungelelwaniso lobeko olungaphantsi;
- Ilitye eliqhekezwe lokulahla inkunkuma kunye nokufihlakala kwamanzi.
Ityhubhu ye-sub ye-plainage ene-filter evela kwi-geotextle
QAPHELA: Ukuba unesiphene se-crushere, siyamkelekile ukuba sisebenzise igrabile. Imeko esisiseko - amatye ahlukeneyo awodwa akufuneki abe ngaphezulu kwe-4 cm ubukhulu.
Ukuveliswa kwenkqubo ye-cloinage yomphezulu
Ngaphambi kokwenza amanzi anendawo ngezandla zabo, kuyimfuneko ukwenza iskimu sokubekwa kwazo zonke iindlela zokuhambisa amanzi. Iboniswa kwindawo yendawo ephambili (ephambili), oya kumqokeleli ofanelekileyo okanye amanzi. Ukongeza, iindawo ezongeziweyo zibekwe, zisusa amanzi kwiindawo ezizodwa apho ziqokelela khona. Amajelo ongezelelweyo ane-chaas ukuya kwiindlela eziphambili, aqhagamshela kunye nabo.Okulandelayo kufuneka ukhethe Uhlobo lomgca wokuntywila-ukuwa (kusetyenziswe rhabaxa) okanye itreyi . Umsebenzi wokulungiselela wokulungiselela:
- Ngqongqo ngokomzobo, imingxunya yokumba. Ubunzulu babo yi-50-50 cm, kwaye ububanzi bufanele bube malunga ne-40-50 cm. Nikela ingqalelo kuhlazo lweendonga ze-trench. Kufuneka zisityhutywe kwi-angle malunga ne-25 degrees. Oko kukuthi, ngaphezulu babanzi;
- Amazantsi eTranches abukhali.
Icebiso: Iindlela eziphambili zenziwa zibanzi, njengoko ziya kudlula ukuhamba kwamanzi eziqokelelwe kwiziteshi ezongezelelweyo.
I-fucking drainage
- Kumsele, umaleko wexutextantis utyhile, emva koko imingxunya elele ingwambukeli. Umaleko osezantsi wenkunkuma kufuneka ube namaqhezu amakhulu. I-Geotextile imbi kakhulu kangangokuba amasuntswana omhlaba angangeni kwilitye elityunjiweyo;
- Phezu kwe-pularell, umhlaba ugalelwe okanye i-turf ihluthwe.
Iskimu sesixhobo somhlaba owile umhlaba
Uloliwe
- Nokubambelela imithi, kodwa ubunzulu;
- Emazantsi emithini, intlabathi igutyungelwe ngumaleko we-10 cm;
- Ukuba ifunwa, ngaphezulu kwentlabathi inokugalela inkunkuma;
- Ezantsi kunye neendonga zomsele, ukuphalazwa kwesamente;
- Iitreyi kunye neSands zifakiwe;
- Iitreyi zigutyungelwe ngaphezulu kweetekisi ezikhuselayo.
Ukufakwa kwe-cloinage enzulu
Inkqubo enjalo yenziwa ngononophelo olukhethekileyo, njengoko ukulungiswa kwazo naziphi na iintsilelo kuya kuba yingxaki. Ukukhutshelwa okunzulu kweyelenqe kuthathwa ngokuba nzima ukubala nokusebenza nzima.
Umsebenzi wenziwa ngolandelelwano olunje:
- Isicwangciso sokubeka iindlela ezifumileyo kubhaliwe;
- I-50 cm yobubanzi kunye nobunzulu be-80-100 cm. Ithambeka lemithi inikezelwa malunga ne-3 degrees kwi-drainage;
- Amazantsi omngxunya agutyungelwe ngentlabathi (malunga ne-10 cm), okungxamayo;
- I-geotetletlet nganye ifakwe ngaphezulu kwentlabathi enobalo kangangokuba isiphelo sayo sinyuka ngaphezulu kwenqanaba lomhlaba;
- Ngaphakathi kwi-geotextate ye-geotextaile igubungele i-rubble. Ubungqingqwa bokuqina-malunga ne-20 cm;
- Imibhobho ye-pireforad ihluthwe ngamatye atyumkileyo;
- Imibhobho yemibhobho iqhagamshelwe omnye komnye;
- Ifanelekile kakuhle. Ixhotywe kwindawo esezantsi yendawo;
- Imibhobho iboniswe emxiloleni kakuhle, ukusuka apho amanzi aya kudibanisa khona kwinqanaba elisezantsi;
- Iityhubhu ezithengiweyo zigutyungelwe ngenkunkuma ngaphezulu. Ayifanele ifike kwinqanaba lomhlaba;
- I-Geotextleng Storass, ngesiphumo sokuba ilitye elityumkileyo, elijikelezileyo, likwiCocoon ";
- Ukusuka phezulu, uyilo lonke lugutyungelwe umhlaba.
Inkqubo yokubeka i-Prainage Lipe
Inkqubo yokuqhutywa kwempahla iya kuguqula indawo yakho, yisuse kumswakama ogqithisileyo, buyisela imeko yendalo yomhlaba.
Ividiyo
Ungayenza njani into yokuthambisa kwisandla sakho, jonga ividiyo. Ijongana nokukhetha amanzi angavulekanga, kunye nenzulu.
Inqaku lesihloko: Ukufakelwa kweetayile zekhethini ngezandla zakho