Ekuphahleni lweNdlu ezimbini eziphambili: ukukhuselwa kwendlu kwiimeko zemozulu ezimbi kunye nokugcina ubushushu ngaphakathi endlwini. Isiseko sokuphatha kophahla, olunokumelana nobunzima bezinto ezihlahlayo, kwaye kuvuthuza umoya onamandla, nobunzima bekhephu ebusika okanye kwimilambo yemvula ehlotyeni, isebenza inkqubo yeereyithi.
Izinketho zezakhiwo zeRafal.
Ubude be-rafred egqityiweyo buxhomekeke kumgama ukusuka kwirali yophahla ukuya phezulu eludongeni. Rhoqo, ngexesha lesixhobo senkqubo yeRAFT, kuyavela ukuba ubude bomgangatho ophakathi webar okanye ibhodi akwanele kwisixhobo senkqubo yeSolo. Kule meko, isetyenziselwa ukwakha okanye yokuqhekeza iirafti.
Ukwakha okanye ukuKhanya-Yintoni umahluko?
Izinto eziphambili zenkqubo yophahla yophahla ziiracks ezithe nkqo, izilonda kunye nemilenze enamanzi aphantsi. Imilenze eqingqiweyo kunye neziphelo eziphezulu zibekelwe umngxunya owodwa, zimiselwe kwiiracks ezithe nkqo, kwaye zisezantsi-kwiBar yesalathiso esikhethekileyo eDarling eludongeni - Marylalet. Icandelo lomnqamlezo sezinto zenkqubo yenkqubo yeRAFT ixhomekeke kumthwalo ocetyiweyo eluphahleni, kwaye ubude babo buvela kwi-skietric yesiketi.
Izinto zenkqubo yeRAFT.
Ezi paramitha zimbini-amacandelo kunye nobude-awuhlali dibanisa iiparamitha ezifanelekileyo, kwaye kufuneka ukomeleze okanye uyolule uyilo. Ukonyuka kwecandelo lomnqamlezo wezinto zenkqubo yokulinganisa kubizwa ngokuba zii-rafters, kunye nokunyuka kobude - ukwahlulahlula-hlulwa ngaphezulu. Yenziwa ukuba ufuna ukonyusa ubude beenyawo zereyitha.
Ngaphandle kokufana emapameni, le yimisebenzi emibini eyahlukileyo eyahlukileyo. Ulwandiso lwendlela kuxa luphuculwe ngabanye, uninzi lwazo luthe nkqo, uninzi lwesakhiwo, dibanisa kunye 2 leplanga elinye okanye ibhodi. Ngamafutshane, kulula ukudibanisa izinto ezimbini ezifanayo ukuya kwenye ukuphucula amandla ayo. Xa iqhekeza, izinto ziya kwandiswa, ziqhagamshela iziphelo zamaqhekeza obunye phakathi kwabo ukuze ubude babo bube nobude bemilenze yeRafter.
Inqaku lesihloko: Ibhedi enendlela yokuphakamisa enezandla zakho: Izixhobo, izixhobo, intsebenzo
Imithetho esisiseko yokuqhekeka konyawo lwe-sropling
Ukomelezwa kukulungiswa owongeziweyo kwindawo yoqhagamshelo kunye nee-bolts, izikhonkwane kunye (okanye) amacweqa. Kufuneka kwenziwe kangangokuba iinxalenye ezimbini zomatshini zikufutshane nenye. Ukuba unokwazi ukukhetha, kuya kufuneka usoloko ukhetha eyona ndlela ilula yokuphila. Indawo yamagama kufuneka yongeze kwakhona ikhutshelwe kuwo onke imithwalo, kwaye ukuba iyimfuneko, kwaye iphucule intaba yensimbi.
Ukuqaqanjelwa kwe-rafter kungasenziwa ngeendlela ezi-3: ukujoyina iJack, ukucocwa kukaJack, ukubopha kuka "Blique obekho" kunye nokongezwa kobhedu. Ukukhetha okokugqibela kwendlela kwenziwa ngokuthe ngqo ngexesha lokufakwa kwenkqubo yeRAFT. Xa ukhetha, kunyanzelekile ukuba uthathele ingqalelo iziqinisekiso zokwenza isikizi, ezifumanekayo phambi kokwakha izinto (iBhodi okanye amaplanga) kunye nohlobo lophahla (i-SPI-haul). Nokuba yeyiphi na le ndlela ikhethiweyo, ukuya kukhokelela kwi-rafter kuya kufuna izixhobo:
Izixhobo zokwenzakalise iinyawo zeerawter.
- i-ax;
- Iphenyane;
- ukutshintshiselani;
- I-Sad Sation;
- isando;
- kiyanka;
- inqwelomoya;
- USshiirbel;
- kancinci;
- chisel;
- Incwadana yemigaqo okanye umbane ngeseti ye-drill.
Ngaphandle koluhlu oluchukumisayo lwezixhobo, akukho nto iphambili kwinkqubo yokuqhekeka.
Ukuqokelelwa, iziphelo ezinokuququzelela i-jack zemivalo okanye iibhodi zinqunyulwa phantsi kwekona ye-90º. Endaweni yomphetho weziphelo kumacala omabini, i-lineng ye-50 cm iqhotyoshelwe. I-linens iqhotyoshelwe kwizipikili kwi-odolo ye-checker-ubuncinci kwi-lining (ezine kwi-Lines ). Kutshanje, izikhonkwane ziya kutshintshwa ngokuzimela okanye ukuba iziphelo zeebhodi ziqhagamshelwe kwii-bolts ngamanluli aneziqwenga zensimbi.
Iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo: Ukukhusela indawo yoqhagamshelo ukusuka kwimithwalo yecala elingenamkhenkce kwisiphelo samalungu adityanisiweyo, imingxunya yomiswa apho kufakwe khona iPIN ye-iron. Ilula, kodwa ngaphezulu kwendlela esebenzisa ixesha elininzi-kukuncanca nge-spike.
Iskimu sokutshiza kwemilenze yokulinganisa.
Kule meko, indlela ekupheleni kwenxalenye enye inqunyulwe, kwaye ekugqibeleni enye - i-grooves ngokusisigxina. Ifakwe omnye komnye, bona, njengekhonkwane ye-iron, iya kuthintela imithwalo ye-lateral.
Inqaku lesihloko: Ukupeyinta okuzimeleyo kwendlu yomthi
Ukudibanisa i-channer "ngokukhawuleza", iziphelo zonxibelelwano zamalungu o-Rafter zisikwe kwi-Angle ye-45º, emva kokuba amacandelo aphezulu athe, kwaye embindini wendawo yoqhagamshelo axhonywe kwi-bolt Ububanzi be-12 okanye i-14 mm. Ukulungiselela le njongo, umngxunya wokuphela kokuphela womile, ubungakanani bokuba kufuneka buhambelane nobubanzi be-bolt. Ukuba umngxunya mkhulu, i-backlash iza kuvela kwindawo yokuncamathisela edala umthwalo owongezelelweyo kwi-chacle.
Indlela eyandisayo yeengqungquthela ze-mumen zibonisa indlwana yenxalenye ye-rafter ukuya kwenye i-1 m, ke, njengakwimigangatho ye-Jub, izinto ezidityanisiweyo ziboshwe ngezipikili kwi-oda ye-checker. Ngamanye amaxesha iziqwenga zensimbi zisetyenziselwa ukuqinisa, ezivela kuzo zombini iziphelo, amantongomane ahamba ngeenyawo. Le ndlela ilungile kuba akuyomfuneko ukuba iqwalasele ukuchaneka okugqibeleleyo kwiziphelo zezinto ezinxulumene.
I-complate yobhedu idla ngokusetyenziswa ngakumbi xa isetyenziswa njengeenyawo zebhodi. Unxibelelwano lwe "khomishini ye-oblique" zihlala zisetyenziswa xa kwandiswa icandelo elikhulu lomnqamlezo. Unxibelelwano lomsebenzi lungasetyenziswa kuzo zombini iimeko.
Ngayo nayiphi na indlela yokuqhekeka, indawo yokuphumla iba luhlobo lwe-hinge yeplastiki.
Kodwa kuba i-rafter kufuneka ingqongqo ngokupheleleyo kubo bonke ubude, ukucocwa kufuneka kwenziwe kumgama ongagqithanga kwi-15% yenqwelomoya ukusuka kwindawo yenkxaso, efakwe nguStropin (uqhuba, inkxaso ) Kule meko, ukutyhakala kwe-rafter kwindawo yoqhagamshelo kuya kuba kufutshane kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Iibhanti ezinomxholo
Iskimu someleza iinkqubo zeRafter ngepinki eyongezelelweyo.
Ezi ntlobo zimbini zokuqeshisa ezenziwe ngeBhodi ziyayalwa rhoqo. Kwi-elongiya yabo, indlela ye "Vangst" ihlala isetyenziswa. Iingcango ezihlawulelweyo zicwangciswe ukusuka kwiibhodi ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu, eziqhagamshelwe ngamaqela amakhulu kwaye zixhonywe kwiitsheki ezinesipikili.
Ukonyusa ubude bendawo enjalo, idityaniswe nenkqubo efanayo. Kwimeko yokutsala, ibhodi enye kwinkqubo nganye kufuneka yenze enye ubuncinci i-1 m, kwaye ezi bhodi ziboshwe kunye. Le ndlela yokuposa ikuvumela ukuba wenze uyilo oluthembekileyo lwemilenze emiselweyo, engaphantsi kwamandla eZisombululo ukusuka kumthi oqinileyo, ovumela ukuba usebenzise ezo ntlobo ze-hip kunye ne-semi-rag yeentlobo zophahla.
Inqaku ngesihloko: Zithini iirms kwibala?
Ukuqulunqwa kwezinto ezihlanganisiweyo, iibhodi ezintathu ziyafuneka. Kukho isahlulo sesithathu, ububanzi obufana nowamabini okuqala ngokufanayo kubude beBhodi. Ngapha koko, ayifanelanga mde kwezi bhodi zimbini, kodwa iza kubo ubuncinci i-1 m, kodwa idla ngokuthembeka okukhulu, ukuvulwa okunjalo kwenziwa sisithathu sobude bexesha labo.
Iskimu somiselo lokukhetha.
Ngenxa yoko, inyawo le-raft ifunyenwe, kwelinye icala eline-quanquis ezimbini elahliweyo, kwaye ukusuka kwelinye icala lelinye, eliphakathi phakathi kwababini bokuqala. Indawo yokuvela kweBhodi phakathi kwezi zimbini zitshiswa zizikhonkwane okanye iibhotile.
Kumqolo oshiyekileyo phakathi kweeplanga ezimbini ezifakiweyo ukufaka i-Scrang yeBhodi, kububanzi kunye nokulingana nebhodi, kwaye kwezi ndawo, ukuthobela i-oda ekhuphayo akunyanzelekanga. Ubude belifa leenwele ezinjalo akufuneki zibe ngaphantsi kobubanzi beeplanga eziphindwe kabini. Faka ezo rafu ngebhodi enye yokubaleka, kwaye kabini - kwiMauerlate.
Kodwa kusekusasathanga abalingane bakuphela kakhulu kumabala ajijekileyo amandla kunye nokuthembeka. Olu hlobo lwenkqubo yeRAFT lungasetyenziswa ngaphandle koloyiko lokusebenzisa uphahla oluqhelekileyo, kodwa kwi-Holm kunye ne-Holm kunye ne-Holm kunye neentlobo ze-rag kunye ne-rags zophahla, ukusetyenziswa kwabo akunqweneleki.
Ukuba uqhwakhiwa eluphahleni, kuyafuneka ukuba uyongeze iirafi, akukho sidingo sokubangela oomasifundisane. Lo msebenzi unako ngokupheleleyo kumntu onokuphatha i-ax, umbethe kunye ne-chisel. Eyona nto iphambili kukuyenza ngcono, kodwa kulungile kunokuba ngokukhawuleza, kodwa ngu-Abyy. Kwaye ke uya kuba nophahla oluhlala luhleli noluthembekileyo, kwaye ukwakhiwa okudaliweyo, kuya kukukhonza ngokholo nenyaniso ayiyonto ishumi leminyaka.
Umnqweno omhle! Uphahla oluthembekileyo lwekhaya lakho!