Ilaphu lendalo lendalo ithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yeempawu zalo ezimangalisayo. Isilika ethanda kakhulu abantu kangangokuba wafunda ukwenza indlela yokwenziwa. Kodwa le meko ayichaphazeli imfuno ephezulu yemisonto yendalo efunyenwe kwiicocoons ze-switutelm.
Imbali
Isilika-umxholo wendalo, ukuveliswa kwe-Millenium. Kucingelwa ukuba into yesilika yaqala ukuveliswa kangangexesha lethu. Gite Swk ivela e China. Njengoko le ntsomi ithi, inkosikazi eneminyaka eli-14 ubudala ye-Emperors yokuqala yaseTshayina ishiye iti emzimbeni emthunzini wemithi, kunye ne-cocoon silkworm yawa kwikomityi. Phantsi kwempembelelo yamanzi ashushu kwi-cocoon, intambo ecekeceke icekeceke.Iqabane lomlawuli lafumana intambo kwaye ngalo mzuzu watyelelwa ngumbono wokuba ukusuka kwimixholo yekhokheli, unokwenza ilaphu, ukwahlulahlulwa ngobuhle kunye nokuqina. Kungekudala, ubuso obuphakathi obuphezulu belizwe wakhupha i-odolo yokukhulisa i-silkworms. Kwaye kamva umatshini waqanjwa, kwaye i-sliwk yayiqala ukuba nenxaxheba ngakumbi.
I-Simpings inqatshelwe ngokungqongqo ukuthunga iimpahla zeSilivere. Esi sixhobo sendalo esibukhali sendalo kudala sisetyenziselwe ukuthunga iimpahla zentendelezo ye-Emperor. Ingakumbi ngokumalunga noku, isilika esibomvu esinomkhonto wegolide.
Ukuveliswa kwe-silk kwaqhutywa kuphela eTshayina, imfihlo yakhe yayingachazwanga phantsi koloyiko lwesigwebo sentambo. I-larvae kunye ne-silkworm cocoons, kunye nembewu yomthi wemitawuli, engavumelekanga ukuba ithuthwa kwamanye amazwe. Ngophuhliso lwezorhwebo, into enqabileyo yesilika yaziwa kwihlabathi liphela. Nangona kunjalo, i-China kwiinkulungwane ezininzi yayihlala kuphela kwelizwe kuphela apho le mpahla yendalo yaveliswa khona kwinqanaba lomsebenzi.
EYurophu, i-acetate isilika yeza eYurophu, enye into yokwenziwa kwelaphu le-silk le-China lalivela eTshayina. Ngoku ukuveliswa kwe-canvas kuphuhliswa e-Itali, iFrance, eNgitzerland.
Kuyo yonke iminyaka, imbali yesilika yahlulwa emfihliweyo, iqhagamshelwe ngezinto ezinomdla kwaye ngamanye amaxesha-ngemfihlakalo. Iimeko zokwenene zesihlolo sayo azisaziwa nanamhlanje.
Imbali yeSilika yokwenziwa yaqala ngenkulungwane ye-19, xa inkqubo yeXantantmance yaphuhliswa. Itekhnoloji yaqulunqa iBritish Beevin, umnqamlezo kunye nebidll, nangona eYurophu yayikukuzama ukudala ibhanti yokufakelwa.
Ukufumana izinto zokwenza iinkuni, uhlambe umhlaba wesisombululo sesoda esilumkileyo. Emva koko, kwezinye iicomputer zongezwa kwenye indawo emanzi, ngenxa yokuphendula i-XENTOGENCE yenzekile.
Imveliso yesiphumo idluliselwe kwi-pieve ye-pecaliar, emva koko yabekwa kwisisombululo sesodium, i-zinc supelfate kunye ne-sulfuric acid. Ke imisonto yayenziwa, kwaye i-synthetic i-syntk ivele ivelise kwinqanaba leshishini. Ilungelo elilodwa lomenzi wemveliso layo labhaliswa ngoSeptemba 30, 1902.
Iindidi zeendwangu zeSilika
Uluhlu lwemicimbi yesilika ichonga iintlobo zeentsinga, i-Well ye-Teave yemithi, iipropathi zesilika, iimpawu zemveliso kunye nembonakalo yazo. Izinto zendalo zendalo zenzeka iintlobo ezimbini: IMalbury kunye ne-tussa.
Inqaku lesihloko: Inaliti yobusika yabasetyhini. Imagazini enezikimu
Owona mgangatho uphakamileyo yi-silk mulber, ongenanto . Yenziwe ngokusuka kwiifiliment ze-silkworm ekhule kwiimeko zokufakwa. Yonke inkqubo yokufumana izinto zenziwa ngesandla. Ukuqhubekeka kwayo kwenzeka ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kweemveliso zekhemikhali, ukuze izinto zendalo ezibukhali ziyigcina yonke ipropathi.
Ibanga leloli, ngokungafaniyo ne-Malbury, ivelise kwimisonto ye-caterpillar yasendle. I-tussis sisilika esibomvu, ngamanye amaxesha brown okanye ngobhedu. Isetyenziswa kumzi-mveliso wefanitshala yeemveliso ze-upholstery, umhombiso wangaphakathi okanye ukugcwaliswa komqamelo. Ukuze le laphu ifumene inkalo ebonakalayo, iyaphaphama.
Ezi ziintlobo zendalo zesilika, ezibonisa umgangatho kunye nendlela yemveliso.
Kwakhona, izicubu zahlulwe ziindidi:
- Umcimbi we-sloped yi-crepe-chiffon, i-crest-gorgeget.
- I-semi-rapous rapous ilaphu - i-creatin, tight.
- I-munse slic villar jacquarrd.
- I-canvas encinci.
- I-Pile Goodrics - Velor Velvet, Velvet.
Ilaphu lesilika lihlelwe ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela yemveliso. Kwangelo xesha, umbuzo ngamnye uneempawu zalo, ezohlukileyo.
- I-Breenny Silk ineziqwenga ezimfutshane zeentsinga ezingacocekanga. Iintsinga, izinto zesilika eluhlaza, linse yangaphandle neyengaphakathi lecocoon. Ngenxa yeli lungiselelo lentambo yolu hlobo lwewebhu, banepropathi ye-bactericidal.
- I-Silk Raw - iZinto eziPhezulu zeMpahla. Yenziwe ukusuka kwindlela ye-caterpillar cocoon yokubuyela kwintambo okanye i-synthetic. I-Silk Riw inophawu olunjalo: ukugungqa, ukuthamba, i-elasticy, amandla, ulwandiso olufanelekileyo. Ngokwesiqhelo i-Silk Raw iqhubeka ekwenzeni iingubo, ukuthunga ukuthunga kunye nezinye iimveliso.
- I-Viscose Silk i-Lineks i-Linen i-Linen, iqulethe iintsinga zokwenziwa. Ngenxa yetekhnoloji yemveliso yale mihla, ngoku isilika ye-viscose senziwe phantse ukuba ingathathi ntweni ivela kwizinto zendalo. I-viccose inokugqitywa yindlela evuthayo ye-fiber. Lo mbandela uneseluplose, ngenxa yoko itshisa ngenye indlela kunendawo yendalo equka amaqumrhu protein.
- I-parachute isilika yindwangu yelaphu elisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Isilika yeParachute engapheliyo - i-Treningluecent, ipeyintwe kwizithunzi ezahlukeneyo, kuxhomekeka kwindawo oya kuyo.
- Isilika emanzi senziwe ngokukodwa kwiintsinga zendalo. Siyinto ekhuselekileyo nenobuhlobo esisetyenziselwa ukuthunga iimpahla ezihle kakhulu: Iingubo zesilika, ilineni, ingubo, ihempe kunye namaqhina. Isilika emanzi isetyenziselwa i-prolstery ye-exholstery. Ngaphandle koko, izinto ezinamanzi ezinamanzi zibizwa ngokuba yi-Satin satin.
- Isixhobo se-sen esibilisiweyo selin esinemigangatho ye-homogeneous. Isetyenziselwa ukulungelelanisa: ukunxiba i-silk, kunye neesuti kunye nezinye iimpahla zohlobo lwendwangu elibilisiweyo kuhlobo lwakutshanje kwabaqulunqileyo ngoku kwincopho yefashoni. Isilika esibiweyo sikhumbuza impefe ngokubonakala kwayo.
Ubume kunye neepropathi
Kwimigangatho yayo yemichiza, into yendalo ifana neenwele okanye uboya. Nge-97%, iquka iiprotein, ezinye-i-waxes kunye nefutha. Ifunyenwe ngobuchule i-scetate yesilika iqukethe ikakhulu yeselokonga ngomxholo omncinci wokungcola kwemichiza.Inqaku lesihloko: Indlela yokwenza i-Cylinder yePhepha: Imiyalelo yenyathelo lenyathelo ngeskimu kunye nevidiyo
Indwangu ye-Silk yemvelaphi yendalo ime kwi-acids, izinyibilikisi zendalo kunye ne-alkalis.
Izinto zendalo ziphulukana namandla ayo kumaqondo obushushu ngaphezulu kwe-110 degrees okanye ngeziphumo ngqo ze-ultraviolet.
I-Silk into imnandi kakhulu ekuchukumiseni. Yinto eqingqiweyo kwaye ithambile enokupeyinta kwizithunzi ezahlukeneyo. Ingadibani, itsiba kakuhle kwaye ifunxa umswakama. Ukukhanya, ilaphu elincinci liphuphuma kakuhle.
Kule nto ifihla ihlobo kunye nezinto zobusika, kuba nakuphi na amaqondo obushushu, umzimba ukhululekile kuzo. Ukongeza, isilika yendalo inesiphumo sokubulala iintsholongwane - ngakumbi isilika esifungelweyo esivela kwimigca yokhuselo yendawo engaphakathi neyangaphandle. Ke ngoko, ukubambandela isilika kuhlala kusetyenziswa njengezinto zokugcina izinto.
Ngempazamo yemicimbi yesilika, ingakumbi ilineni, ingabangelwa kukukhanya kwesibane . Ukuba ingubo ye-Silk ithungiwe kwiindidi ezifana ne-chiffon kunye ne-crest, phantse akwenzekanga ngenxa yokutshiswa kwentambo kwi-canvas. Ukubonakala kwamabala kumphezulu welaphu phantsi kwempembelelo yokufuma kuyahambelana ne-minuse. Oongcoliseko olunjalo lususwa ngokulula ngotywala. Izinto zokwenziwa zifakwa ngokukhethekileyo, kwaye zendalo, akukho nto injalo.
Imveliso
I-CATERPILL yeCoterpillar ifakwe kwiifama ezinkulu zeSilika. Okokuqala, amaqanda awo abekwe kwi-avators. Emva kokuba isikhuseli esinezinambuzane, idluliselwa kubasasazi. Xa i-Silkworm ikhula, ibekwe kwibhokisi apho iqala khona umsebenzi wakhe ekwenzeni icocoon. Kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezi-4. Icocoon egqityiweyo ibekwe emanzini abilayo, apho ingafanelekanga. Ijika intambo yesilika ukusuka kwi-300 ukuya kwi-1000 yeemitha ubude.
Emva konyango olukhethekileyo, intambo ifumana ukukhanya. Ukuba ufuna ilaphu ngaphandle kwekhanya, isuswe kwelinye lamanqanaba okugqibela. Imisonto ipeyintiwe kwaye itanki ivela kubo ngesilika, into yendalo yendalo. Kule, ukuveliswa kwesilika.
Isicelo
Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, iindawo zokusebenzisa ezi zinto zibanzi kakhulu. Qwalasela ngamnye kubo ngokweenkcukacha.Gqiba izitishi
Kwiminyaka engama-90 yenkulungwane edluleyo, uhlobo olutsha lodonga lwavela eYurophu. Ukwenza oku, isilika emanzi sasetyenziswa-i-Plaster ekhethekileyo kunye neentsinga zendalo. Isilika emanzi sasisetyenziswa ekuhonjweni kwendawo yexabiso. Ngoku uhlobo lwe-swik le-DeSilk le-Decor lwafika ngakumbi.
Kwisilika emanzi kufanelekile ukuba banikele ingqalelo kubanini bamaziko ezonwabileyo. Esi sixhobo sinombhalo obalaseleyo, asitshisi kwaye singavuki, ke ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga ukhuseleko lomlilo lilungile. Ukongeza, umzobo ogqibileyo ophumeleleyo mhle kakhulu kwaye uhlala uhleli.
Ukulungelelanisa
Mhlawumbi le yeyona ndawo ixhaphakileyo yezinto zesilika. Ukuthunga iimpahla, zombini indalo kunye ne-scetate yesilika isetyenziswa, yahluke kancinci kwipropathi. Izinto ezinqabileyo zesilika zelinen zichaza ngokufanelekileyo umzobo, ezifanelekileyo xa i-sech kunye nexesha elide.
Inqaku lesihloko: Indlela yokwenza iphepha lethamsane kunye nezandla zakho zikwizindlu ezinamanqanaba - iifoto, ividiyo
Ukwenza izinto zeWedi, isilika yeParachute ihlala isetyenziswa, ibonakaliswa ngamandla aphezulu. Kwakhona, le ntlobo isetyenziswa ekuvelisweni kweemveliso ezahlukeneyo: iintente, izitulo ze-upholstery kunye nefenitshala, njl. Njl.
Ii-piles zasekhaya
Ilaphu elihle eliqaqambileyo libonakala likhulu ngaphakathi. Bathumela amakhethini, kwilineni yebhedi, eKapa yefanitshala, igumbi lokulala kunye nokuninzi.
Isilika ingeyiyo i-Allergenic Sunic. Iipliers zeplists kunye neebugs aziziphindezeli kuyo. Ke ngoko, abantu abanengxaki yokufana, eli phepha lincinci lifanelekile.
Iyeza
Isilika ye-tute inamandla okufumana umswakama kumthamo omkhulu kakhulu kunezinye izinto. Kwangelo xesha, ayikho kwaphela emanzi ukuba ichukumisi. Ke ngoko, isetyenziswa ngamayeza.Esi sesona sixhobo sibalaseleyo sobusulelweyo osetyenziswe utyando. Ukuthathwa komcimbi akusombululwanga kwiinyanga ezintathu. Kananjalo, isilika yesilika ibangela ukuba kulandelwe umdaniso wokuqala welaphu. I-Silk Suture isetyenziswa nokuba ngamehlo kunye ne-neurosurgery.
Umsebenzi weenkcukacha
Ukusuka kwezi zixhobo zenza izicubu ezihle kakhulu. Kwimfazwe yemizobo, isetyenzisiwe isilika okanye i-stificial. Ukufika kwisixeko saseVietnam saseVietnam, abakhenkethi abangabhalwanga kwindibano yocweyo yosapho lokuhombisa. Kukho i-canvases ebiyeza kakhulu ehonjiswe ngesandla ngentambo yendalo kwi-canvas ebonakalayo.
Kwakhona, isilika esifubayo (okanye enye indalo) isetyenziselwa ukuntywila. Yenziwa ngesandla okanye kumatshini owodwa onesidima izinto ezinobuchule.
Ungawahlula njani izinto?
Ukufumanisa ukuba asingoyisi isilika phambi kwethu, oko kukuthi, izinto zendalo, ungasebenzisa indlela yokudibanisa. Iintsinga ze-artificker ziya kutsha ngeqhinga eliqaqambileyo, ivumba lephepha.Ukuba ubeka umlilo kwizinto zendalo zendalo, uya kugudisa. Kule meko, ungaziva ivumba leenwele ezitshisayo.
Ukongeza, kunokwenzeka ukumisela isilika ngokuthambisa kwayo, umhlaba ocwebezayo.
IMithetho yoKhathalelo
Ilaphu le-linen livele ukusuka kwimisonto yesilika ifuna ukhathalelo olukhethekileyo. Ezi zinto zihle kakhulu kufuneka zicinywe ngesandla okanye ngemodi ekhethekileyo. Izinto ezinamachaphaza ukuhlamba akuvumelekanga, kungcono ukubanika ukucoca.
Xa kuhlanjwa, kufuneka yahlulwe ngempahla ngombala: I-slick ebomvu icinywe ngokwahlukeneyo ukusuka kumhlophe, njl.
Xa isilika esemanzi emva kokuhlamba, kuyimfuneko ukuyisongela ngetawuli. Nje ukuba umswakama ogqithisileyo uxakekile, imveliso kufuneka ifakwe kumphezulu othe tyaba. I-risers isetyenzisiwe.
Izinto ezimanzi azinakubethwa. Xa i-silk iyothusa, ungayibetha ngentsimbi yamaqondo obushushu asezantsi ngaphandle kweSteam.
Kule Millenia elidlulileyo, akukho nto itshintshileyo kwikamva lelili le-silk: kwaye kubomi banamhlanje buyithathayo kwindawo yokugqibela, njengalo lonke ixesha lobukho bayo. Olu thando lwento ethambileyo aluzange lube lilize. Kukuthuthuzela, kunye neengubo, kunye nokugqiba kwempahla esetyenzisiweyo ngempumelelo kuyo yonke indawo.