Izindlu ezinomthi ngexesha elinye zathandwa kakhulu, ke ngokuphuhliswa kwezinto zokwakha zanamhlanje, zashiya kancinci ngasemva. Kodwa namhlanje izakhiwo ezikhala ziphinde zafumana ubuqaqawuli. Oku kungenxa yenyani yokuba kuphela kwindlu kuphela yemozulu yomthi kuzaliswa yimvisiswano noxolo. Ukugqiba kwindlu enjalo kungenziwa naziphi na izinto. Kodwa oku kucetyiswa kakhulu, kuba iindonga ezenziwe ngeelogo zikhangeleka kakhulu kwaye zemvelo kunepeyinti okanye iphepha lodonga.
Iskimu sendawo yokugcina impahla kwindlu ngendlu.
Kodwa umbuzo wokugqitywa kwemiphezulu kuya kuxhomekeka kuphela kwizinto ezikhethwayo. Ngokuphathelele umthi wamaplanga womgangatho wesibini, ikwenziwa kwimiqadi. Akunakubakho olunye ukhetho. Ukuqiniswa kweepleyiti zekhonkrithi akubekwanga kwiindonga zenkuni. Kwifom egqityiweyo, uyilo lonke lwenziwe ngezinto zendalo - iinkuni.
I-Wood-Deb-Sheary Patlap yomgangatho wokuqala
I-Orlap ye-Woods phakathi komgangatho wokuqala kunye wesibini kufuneka ifezekise iimfuno ezithile ezimiselweyo:
- Uyilo olugqithisileyo kufuneka lube lomelele kakhulu kwaye luyekelele imithwalo etyhutyweyo ukusuka phezulu, kuyacetyiswa ukubala ubungakanani bomthwalo kunye nomda.
- Iminye imingxunya ye-onlap kufuneka icoceke ukuze icwangcise umgangatho kumgangatho wesibini kunye nophahla olokuqala.
- I-Overlap kufuneka ibe nobomi benkonzo enye, njengendlu yehuni epheleleyo. I-overfow ethembekileyo kwinqanaba lokwakha iya kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kwaye uthintele umsebenzi wokulungisa.
- Kumgangatho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxhobisa ubushushu ongezelelweyo kunye nokufakelwa kwengxolo.
Umzobo we-Overlap ojikelezileyo oneziphalo ezahlukileyo.
Imingxunya yokhuni njengokwaphuka ngaphezulu kwenza yonke imisebenzi ephambili, kwaye ayahluka ngenxa yokuqiniswa izilayidi zekhonkrithi. Ukomelela komntu kwanele, akukho sidingo sokusebenzisa izixhobo ezinzima. Sebenzisa imiqadi, unokunciphisa kakhulu umthwalo opheleleyo kwisiseko. Izibonelelo zomsebenzi womthi zexabiso eliphantsi. Kwaye ngokufezekiswa okufanelekileyo kunye nokufakelwa, olu uyilo aluyi kusebenzela iminyaka elishumi elinambini.
Izinto ezingalunganga zenkuni zibandakanya inkqubo eyenzakalisayo ngokubola. Ukongeza, ukungalungisi iimveliso zenkuni zibuthathaka kakhulu emlilweni. Ukwenzela ukunciphisa amathuba okuba iinkqubo ezinjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulungiselela imiqadi kwangoko ngaphambi kokuba umsebenzi wendibano. Ukugqobhoza kungcono ukusebenzisa iinkuni ezihlanganisiweyo. Ukwenzela ukuphepha ukutyhileka kwe-beam, akucetyiswa ukuba wenze indawo engaphezulu kwe-5 m. Ukuba ixesha lingaphezulu, kubalulekile ukuba senze inkxaso eyongezelelweyo ngohlobo lweekholamu okanye iibrigelels.
Inqaku lesihloko: Ungaxhonywa njani isibuko eludongeni, kwi-Windrobe
Ukubalwa koyilo lwe-parlap kwindlu yeplanga
Ivela kubalwa kangakanani ukubalwa komthwalo otyhidiweyo, unokwenza uyilo olunokuthenjwa olunokuthenjwa, oluya kwenza imisebenzi yakho esisiseko kwaye isebenze ixesha elide kakhulu.
Rhoqo, iibhulethi zangaphakathi zikhuselwe eludongeni olufutshane. Iyenza ukuba ikwazi ukwenza indawo encinci. Inyathelo phakathi kwemiqadi iya kuxhomekeka kubungakanani beli candelo. Ngokomyinge, obu bungakanani be-1 imitha. Akufanelekanga ukwenza umgama, njengoko kuya kuphela ukusela kuphela ukusetyenziswa kwezinto zezinto kunye nabasebenzi.
Inkqubo yomgangatho we-Beam.
Kungcono ukunika ukhetho kwimiqadi enecandelo elikhulu lomnqamlezo, kunokuba wenze i-overlap enenqanaba elincinci kunye ne-verlap ebuthathaka.
Ubungakanani beebhulom ze-beams kwinani elithile lesithuba:
- I-2200 mm-tep span-iCandelo lama-75 * 100 mm;
- I-3200 MM-ICandelo le-100 * 175 mm okanye i-125 * 200 mm;
- I-500 mm-teyiter-icandelo le-150 * 225 mm.
Ukuba i-overlap yenziwa phakathi komgangatho wokuqala kunye ne-attic, inyathelo phakathi kwezinto ezinokufane, kodwa icandelo lebhulewu le linokunyulwa kakhulu. Oku kungenxa yokuba imithwalo ye-attic iya kuba ngaphantsi komgangatho opheleleyo.
Izixhobo zokucwangciswa kwe-overplap efakwe ngaphakathi
Wonke umsebenzi unokwenziwa ngokwabo. Ukwenza oku, kubalulekile ukulungiselela izixhobo ezinjalo kunye nezixhobo njengoko:- I-Drill;
- wabona;
- I-toporic (ukuba iyimfuneko, inkulu kwaye incinci);
- chisel;
- isando;
- izikhonkwane, ukungazithembi;
- inqanaba lokwakha;
- Izinto ezingenayo.
Ngokuphathelele kwizinto zokwakha, iinkuni kufuneka zibe zezomgangatho ophezulu kwaye womiswe kakuhle. Ngaphambi kokuba enze wonke umsebenzi, into nganye iyimfuneko ukuqhubela phambili indlela eya kuthintela ukubola nokwenza iinkuni ezinokutsha.
Isixhobo sokhuni
Itheyibhile yokubala phantsi komgangatho.
Ukugquma ngezandla zakho kulula kakhulu, eyona nto iphambili kukuthobela zonke iingcebiso kunye neetekhnoloji. Imiqadi ifakwe ezindongeni liphela. Ukuze kubo bakhuseleke ngokukhuselekileyo, izihlanganisi ezizodwa zinqunyulwa eludongeni phantsi kobukhulu obufunwayo. Ukubeka i-beam kwisinxibelelanisi, ityalwe ngeepakethi ezivela kuwo onke amacala. Oku kuyakuthintela ukwenziwa kweebhlorho ezibandayo kwixesha elizayo. Ukuba i-beam inobukhulu becandelo ngaphantsi kodonga, emva koko ukufipha kunokwenziwa kubunzulu bonke.
Inqaku ngesihloko: Indlela yokwenza isibane phantsi kwendoda endala?
Inketho yesibini yokuqinisa i-overlap eludongeni yi "ngumsila wokuginya". Ukwenzela ukuphucula intaba enjalo, izilonda zongeza kwifom yentsimbi yesinyithi. Intaba enjalo ihlala isetyenziswa xa iindonga zendlu zenziwe ngemithi. Kwindlu yomthi, umngxunya kunye ne-beam kwinqanaba elinye inokulungiswa nge-clomp.
Kufanelekile ukuba ibalaselise olona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-beam lubethelele kwi-riglel-olu kukusetyenziswa kweebhanti ze-cranial. Imivalo enjalo iqhotyoshelwe kumpu, kwaye i-beam sele inamathele kubo. Kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise i-blus ngecandelo lama-50 * 50 mm.
Kwindlu yekhaka, ukubeka imiqadi kuqhutywa indlela eyahlukileyo. Udonga lwenza izidleke ezizodwa apho iziphelo zezinto ezigqithileyo zinikezelwe. Ubunzulu obugqibeleleyo besidleke yi-150-200 mm, ngelixa ububanzi kufuneka buhambelane nobungakanani bomgangatho. Ukongeza, kuyimfuneko ukushiya umsantsa kwicala ngalinye le-10 mm. Njengakwimeko yokuqala, iziphelo zezixhobo ngaphambi kokuba zibekwe endlini kufuneka zisongelwe kwiipakethi.
Intsimbi e-anhlors inokusetyenziselwa izinto ezinqinileyo. Ngokuncamathisela, ukuphela komthi awuyi kungena eludongeni.
I-DARKS RAKKS: Iingcebiso
Ukwenzela ukwenza ukuba umphezulu womgangatho wokuqala, kuya kufuneka wenze umqulu. Eli nqanaba lomsebenzi linokwenziwa lisebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo.
Iskimu somgangatho wenqanaba.
Esona siqhelekileyo siqhelekileyo kwicala le-beam, imivalo ye-cranial ifakiwe. Ezi zinto ziselumini kufuneka zibe necandelo lama-40 * 40 okanye 50 * 50 mm. Akufanele benze ngaphantsi kwe-beam enkulu. Yenzelwe ukuba iibhodi ezigudileyo ziya kuqhotyoshelwa kamva, ubukhulu bayo obufanele bube ngaphakathi kwi-10-25 mm. Ukwenzela ukutshayela isilingi, ungawasebenzisa amaphepha e-plywood. Sebenzisa izinto zeshishi, unokufumana isilingi esityebileyo. Ubuncinci be-plywood kule meko kufuneka ubuncinci buyi-8 mm. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulawula ukuba imiphetho yamashiti alala ngqo embindini wezimsho.
Inqaku lesihloko: Ukugqiba kwamathambeka eephaneli zeSensich yeWindows - inqanaba lokugqibela lofakelo
Endaweni yokusebenzisa imivalo ye-cranial, unokwenza ii-grooves ezizodwa emizibeni. Ukuze usebenzise le ndlela, icandelo leBeam kufuneka licingelwe kwangaphambili.
Njengokhetho lomgangatho, indawo engezantsi yezinto ezigqithileyo zinokuhlala zivulekile, ngenxa yoko, izinto ze-cranial azinkqonkqozwa, kodwa ziphezulu kancinane. Ke, umgangatho wenziwa phakathi kwemiqadi.
Emva kokuba igesi iya kwenziwa, ungaqala ukubeka umgangatho womgangatho wesibini. Ukuba endaweni yomgangatho wesibini kukho i-attic, ke yanele ukwenza umgangatho onqabileyo. Ukuba igumbi likhona kumgangatho wesibini, umgangatho kufuneka lwenziwe kwimiba esemgangathweni ephezulu. Iibhodi zeplanga ziya kubekwa ngqo kwiilegs.
Ukuzahlulahlulahlulahlulahlula
Kwindlu yomthi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza i-fanmus elungileyo. Kuya kufuneka kwenziwe nge-over-ver-versing. Izixhobo zokufakwa kwe-irmal namhlanje ziboniswa kuluhlu olubanzi kakhulu. Icacile indlela ekhethwe kakuhle ngayo izinto ezibonakalayo kwaye ifakwe ngokufanelekileyo, iimpawu ze-thermal yegumbi ziya kuxhomekeka. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba endaweni yomgangatho wesibini opheleleyo kucingelwa ukuba yi-attic. Ke ngoko, ukuze ubushushu buye kwigumbi akushiyi, kuyimfuneko ukubeka i-insullo ephakathi kwemiqadi.
Uboya bezimbiwa buya kuba yinto elungileyo.
Ineempawu eziphezulu zobugcisa kakhulu, kodwa ayisiyonto ilungileyo yokufakelwa. Ukongeza, emva kwethuba elithile lokusebenza, ubume bayo buhluka, kwaye i-MicroPactartics inokukhululwa kwindalo.
Ingqwalaselo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe kwingxolo yengxolo ye-over-versi.
Xa ibeka naluphi na uluhlobo olufanele ukulawula indawo. Phakathi kwee-lags kwaye i-inuursetor kufuneka ihlale ihamba izikhewu. Izinto zephepha kufuneka zinqunywe ngokungqongqo ngokobukhulu, izixhobo eziqengqelwe zilungile kancinci.
Ukuba i-overlap ifakwe phakathi komgangatho wokuqala kunye ne-attic, kuyimfuneko ukubeka i-parobabler. Ifilimu ye-Polythyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyley inokumelana nale nto. Ukwenzela ukushiya i-condegnate ukusuka phantsi kwefilimu ngokukhawuleza, kuyimfuneko ukushiya izithuba ze-ventilation.