Asinguye wonke umntu ofuna ukwakha iindonga zecwerlar - le ide, kwaye akukho xesha lihlala. Ukugcinwa kwemifuno kwizixa ezincinci, unokwenza i-celler yekhonkrithi yekhonkrithi. Owona mqobo mkhulu weemveliso ezifanayo yi-2 m kunye ne-2,5 m, apha banokusetyenziswa.
Ikhonkrithi yekhonkrithi ethe nkqo i-cellar
Ukuba ufumana amakhonkco ngomter 2,5 m ukuze ahambe ngokuthe nkqo, kuya kuba mnandi kakhulu, kwaye emva koko le-mitha ivaliwe emva kokuba kufakwe iishelfu. Kukho iplastikhi yeplastiki eyenziwe ngeplastiki, kodwa ixabiso labo liphezulu kuneyona ndawo yasekhaya yokuqiniswa kwamakhonkco ekhonkrithi.
Ukusuka kwikhonkrithi yekhonkrithi yenza into efanayo kule cellar
Ngaphambi kokufaka amakhonkco, zinqweneleka ukuphathwa ngokuthintela amanzi. Nokuba amanzi aphantsi komhlaba aphantsi, emvuleni okanye ngexesha lokutyibilika kwekhephu, ikhonkrithi iya kuphekwa, kuya kuphakanyiswa umswakali emqekelweni. Ukuthintela oku, inokuphathwa nge-bitumen ye-bitumed ngenyibilikiswa nge-TAR, ukungena ekungeneni kwengubo enzulu yohlobo lwe-PENETON okanye nakuphi na ukubumba okufanelekileyo ngokweepropathi.
Imbillen
Indlela yokwakha i-celler ye-velfting ukusuka kwikhonkrithi yekhonkrithi ingeyongxaki: Diba umgodi we-cylindrical of bubukhulu obufanelekileyo. Unokwenza ngoko nangoko kubunzulu obuthile (oku malunga ne-2,5 yeemitha), emva koko faka amakhonkco usebenzisa umthwalo okanye izihlobo, iintambo kunye ne-wich kwi-tripod.
Yitha umngxunya phantsi kwequla
Inketho yesibini kukusebenzisa itekhnoloji esetyenzisiweyo xa ifowuni yequla kukususa umhlaba ngaphakathi kweringi, ngokuthe ngcembe. Iringi kwangaxeshanye iyahla. I-Wells, sele ingcwatywe kwi-8-10 amakhonkco, kuba i-cellle uyakufuna ezimbini okanye ezintathu (kuxhomekeke ekuphakameni).
Inani lamakhonkco-ngokuxhomekeka kumnqweno wakho, kodwa ukuphakama kungcono ukufumana oko ukuze kungabikho ngaphakathi ukuze ume ngokukhula ngokupheleleyo. Kwangelo xesha, yongeza ubuncinci i-15 ukuya kwi-20 cm kumgangatho we-PM, kunye ne-10 cm ukuba ibe ubuncinci be-GAP ngaphezulu kwentloko. Ukuphakama kwamakhonkco kungahluka-yi-40 cm, i-60 cm, 80 cm kunye ne-1 m. Kwezi, ukuphakama kufumana imfuneko.
Xa uthenga i-gings i-gings ye-celler, yabona ukuba banesitshixo- umkhuseli kunye nokwenza nzulu kwiziphelo. Ezi zitshixo zenza uyilo oluzinzileyo, kulula ukutywina.
Amakhonkco afakiwe
Ngaphambi kokufakelwa, iziphelo ze-rings ezisezantsi zihlanjululwe kwi-dirt (i-chushu), zisebenzise umaleko wesisombululo sesanti. Emva koko, faka iringi yesibini. Emva kokufaka konke, imithi kunye nemingxunya yetekhnoloji ilahlekile kwakhona.
I-SEAMS EYENZIWEYO Ngesisombululo seSanti
Isiciko singathengwa-kukho ipleyiti eyahlukileyo ehamba-hamba, kodwa i-hatch ijikeleze, kwaye ihlala ikhusela kuyo, kwaye iya kuba nzima ngempahla . Ke le ndlela ayiyiyo yonke.
Ukuba ufuna i-laz ye-laz, i-slab passlap (i-phaling) yeCellar inokukhutshwa ngokuzimeleyo. Kule, isakhelo sibilisiwe kwiimbombo, esiya kuthi silungele ukubeka iibhodi zendlela. Ikona esetyenzisiweyo 40 * 40 * 4 mm. Umsebenzi uya kuthi cwaka- iya kuba sisilingi se-celler - njengakwifoto. Kule ndawo ye-EBODDE, iziqwenga ze-chipboad egcweleyo esetyenziswayo kwi-21 mm isetyenziswa, iibhodi ezinobungqiwa-mali abangama-35- 40 mm zilungile.
Inqaku ngesihloko: Indlela yokuyifaka indlela yokungena emnyango kunye nezandla zakho (ifoto kunye nevidiyo)
Yenza isigqubuthelo seCella
I-mesh kwibar yentsimbi ibambeke kumsebenzi omanzi ophumeleleyo. Ukususela oko ubungakanani be-SLAB SLAB buncinci, ikona i-absock elungileyo, ungathatha intonga 8-10 mm. Ukusuka kuyo ukuze ubophe isakhelo sokuqinisa - inyathelo le-15 cm.
Qokelela isakhelo sokuQinisekisa
Ngokucingela umbhobho womoya ovuthuzayo (kule meko, yenye, kuba ivolumu incinci), sizisa iingcingo zentsimbi, ezibekiweyo kwi-pipes, eyenziwe kwi-pipes, eyenziwayo kwi I-Hoe Storced Shield. Imali mboleko ifakelwe kakuhle.
Inqanaba elilandelayo lenza umsebenzi we-slab ye-celler passlap. Kwinqula, sibonisa izinto eziguquguqukayo, kodwa ezomeleleyo. Kulungele ukusebenzisa i-strip yensimbi ye-10 cm ububanzi (ubukhulu obuvela kwi-3 mm). Ibhendi efakiweyo kufuneka ilungiswe kakuhle (ukulwela izikhonkwane eziqhuba emhlabeni), ukongeza kujikelezile izitena. Sut vele propt ngokuchanekileyo-kubuso obuphezulu, siya kugungqa isisombululo. Ukusuka kwiiBhodi, senza umsebenzi, ukonwabela ukungena kwi-Cellar, emva koko sathululela uMarko ophawu lwekhonkrithi M 200 (Olu luphawu lwekhonkrithi, musa ukudidana nesamente).
Ikhonkrithi ihlala isebenza, oku kuya kufuna uphawu lwesamente elungileyo ye-Portland 400 (500). Kwinxalenye enye yesamente, kuthatha iinxalenye ezi-3 zesanti kunye neenxalenye ezi-5 zelitye elityumkileyo kunye namanzi, amanzi akwimeko ye-pristium ephakathi, kodwa i-0.6-0.75 evela kwivolumu yesamente.
Emva kokuba ikhonkrithi yehla i-50% yamandla oyilo (kwiqondo lobushushu le-20, kufuneka kube yiveki, 17 ° C - ezimbini), unokungena kwigalelo kwinqanaba lesitena.
Yenza isitena ukwenza i-laz
Funda ngakumbi malunga nokupheliswa kwamanzi kwikhava yecaller. Izilumkiso ezinobulumko ezimbini kunye neendonga zeLaza kunye ne-bitumen mastic mastic. Ngoku ungaqhubeka nolungiselelo lwe-caller ngaphakathi. Okokuqala, kufuneka wenze umgangatho. Ingashiywa yi-subhen-yile ukuba inqanaba lamanzi aphantsi komhlaba liphantsi. Emhlabeni hamba izitena ezaphukileyo ezixube nodongwe. Konke oku kubhotwe kakuhle. Ijika ingumgangatho olungileyo.
Inketho yesibini kukwenza umgangatho wekhonkrithi. Thela kunye nelitye elityumkileyo, phezu kwayo - i-sand yesanti, uShed, Tamper (10 cm), emva koko ubeke ifilimu (ukwenzela ukuba amanzi angangeni entlabathini). Kwifilimu - ukuqinisa i-grid kwaye konke ukugalela ikhonkrithi.
Inketho yesithathu-phantsi ukubeka iringi ngezantsi. Zinjalo. Kule meko, akukho ngxaki zimanzi ezantsi.
Iringi enezantsi-ilula xa iCellar i
Enye inqaku: Ukuba amanzi aphantsi komhlaba asondelelene, ngaphambi kokuba afake amakhonkco kwi-pittal, kufuneka agqunywe kabini ngokwenza amanzi. Uninzi luhlala lusetyenziswa i-bitumen mastic. Kwakhona, kuyayimfuneko nokwabelana ngokutywinwa kwamalungu. Ke xa uthenga amakhonkco, jonga ngeericks (njengakwifoto engentla). Isisombululo sesamente esincinci senziwe kwilayini yeringi esezantsi xa iringi engaphezulu iba yiyo, isisombululo esikhutshelweyo sicocwa. Emva kweeveki ezimbalwa, imithi inokuphoswa yi-bitumen mastic.
Inqaku lesihloko: Ukugqitywa kwendlu yangasese ngeephaneli zeplastiki: Iifoto zoyilo lwangaphakathi
Ngamacandelo anenqanaba eliphezulu lamanzi aphantsi komhlaba
Awunakuhlala ungcwaba i-celler yeemitha ezi-2,5 kwaye ungahlangabenisi amanzi. Kwezinye iindawo, amanzi sele enobunzulu obuyi-60-80 cm. Kwimeko enjalo, unokwenza i-celler ukusuka kwikhonkrithi yekhonkrithi ngendlela etyumkileyo. Ukutshisa kobunzulu obunzulu, ekungekho manzi, kwaye inxenye iphuma phezu komhlaba ukubeka izinto zokufakelwa kobushushu (ezona zinto zilungileyo zilala khona (zenze i-Embank).
Isixhobo se-celler esivela kwikhonkrithi yekhonkrithi kwinqanaba eliphezulu lamanzi aphantsi komhlaba
Ukwenzela ukuba uthathe amanzi asuka kwi-celler, ngeenxa zonke unokwenza umkhono kwiRubble - ukutshiza ubuncinci ukuya kwi-TOPLE-bill, enyanzelekile ukuba ixhase umhlaba, kufuneka ucoceke Sika.
Kwisixhobo esinjalo, umbuzo uphakama: indlela yokwenza isivalo ukuze amanzi angaphumeleli kuyo, ukubanda akuzange kuhambe, kwaye ukuze ingabili iliso. Phuma-yenza isiciko siphindwe kabini. Ukwenza oku, ngaphezulu kwengqele ilele kwi-Brick (ukhetho ngaphezulu) okanye i-monolithic ikhonkrithi (kwifoto engezantsi). Kwangelo xesha, kukho iibhloko ezimbini-kukho i-inshori enye yokutshiswa (igumbi lokhuni, elixhonywe nge-epps, i-polystyrene foam), owesibini inyibilike ngentsimbi.
Ukungqingwa komnyango we-celler yekhonkrithi ye-monolithic
Olunye ukhetho kukwenza isakhiwo esincinci ngaphezulu komnyango, njenge-barn okanye i-shala. Ukungatsho ukuba ayiyi kukhankanywa, ngakumbi encotsheni yenduli, kodwa iya kuvala umnyango ekubeni ngobutshaba.
Ayinyanzelekanga, kodwa uyiqondile umbono
Abanye abanini beenqwelwana ezinjalo bacwangcisa igadi yeentyatyambo kwi-Embankment, isilayidi se-alpine, yenza amanzi, emva koko avelise izityalo ezijikeleze ukungabonakali.
Yonke into ayilunganga, kodwa olu khetho luninzi kakhulu kwi-minus: akukho nto ingasebenziyo ukukhwela kwi-callar enjalo kwi-cellar ukusuka kwikhonkrithi yekhonkrithi, umthamo womsebenzi mkhulu. Kule meko, kungcono ukuqwalasela olu khetho lulandelayo - nkqo. Umthamo womsebenzi phantse ngokufanayo, kwaye intuthuzelo yokusetyenziswa iphezulu kakhulu.
The tye (engavanga)
Kukho enye i-cellar yekhonkrithi yekhonkrithi. Olu luhlobo oluncinci okanye ngaphezulu kwe-celler. Le uyilo lufanelekile ukuba amanzi aphantsi komhlaba aphezulu kakhulu. Thabatha umgodi ongaphantsi (ubuncinci ubunzulu obungaphantsi kweminyaka engama-50, kodwa kunokuba nzulu - iimeko zivumela njani).
Ungayenza njani i-caller yekhonkrithi yekhonkrithi
Kwimingxunya yenza isiseko se-slab (10 cm kwaye ubungakanani be-20-30 cm ngaphezulu kobungakanani bexesha elizayo). I-10-16 cm igalelwe kwi-gont edityanisiweyo. Iplagi kwizinto, i-5 cm ngexesha, unamathele ngokupheleleyo tram. Emva koko thuluka kwaye ugaleleke malunga ne-10 cm yesanti. Ifilimu isasazeka kuyo, kusekwe i-fore, yisakhelo sokuqinisa (ibhanti enye ukusuka kwi-10 mm kwii-20 cm zokunyusa). Iziko lishiya "indawo yokufumana indawo" phantsi kwamakhonkco abiwe ecaleni (yenza ubume becandelo elingezantsi ukusuka kwi-plywood kunye neebhodi kwaye ziyisebenzise njengomsebenzi). Xa ikhonkrithi ifakiwe, ungaqengqeleka emakhonkcweni.
Inqaku ngesihloko: Ukutshintsha ifriji ye-O-gum
I-ring esemva inokuba kunye nezantsi - emva koko umva wamva akuyomfuneko. Ukuba iringi ngaphandle kwezantsi, udonga luxhotyisiwe ngezitena (kwisiqingatha sesitena), ngaphandle kokulibala ukuzisa umbhobho wokuphelisa umoya. Emva koko umngxunya woNxibelelwano wenziwe kudonga olwahlukileyo ecaleni komnyango.
Ngokudibanisa amaqhekeza ngoncedo lwebakako yokwakha kwaye bangene isisombululo esidibeneyo, i-Cellar egqityiweyo ifunyenwe. Amakhonkco axubeneyo alala nomhlaba, esenza induli.
Ngaphezulu kwe-bulkar cellar evela kwikhonkrithi yekhonkrithi
Ngoku yonke into eseleyo kukuzifaka iminyango kwaye ubeke izithuba ezisele. Babeka iikona zentsimbi okanye baphathwe ngetyala (kulo lonke) i-warden bar apho iingcango zilungisiwe khona. Izithuba ezisele zilungele ukubeka isitena okanye ukuwisa (ilitye lendalo kwisisombululo). Udonga lwangaphambili okanye kufuneka lubethwe ngaphakathi, okanye luyimfuneko ukwenza ukuba lukhulu - olu kuphela kodonga oluphumayo.
Umoya
Ukuze izinto zigcinwe kakuhle, umoya ovuthuzayo kufuneka ucwangciswe kwi-celler. Ngomsebenzi womoya osebenzayo, umzukisi ngaphakathi ngaphakathi uhlengahlengiso ngokwendalo. Zimbini iindlela zokulungelelanisa umoya wokungena kwi-celler:
- Ngemibhobho emibini ibekwe kwiindawo eziphakamileyo-zoncedo kunye nokuphelisa.
- Ngombhobho omnye-umtya ngokuphelisa.
Iindlela ze-ventilation cellar
Ukwenzela ukuba umoya usebenze kwimodi yesiqhelo, imibhobho emibini iyadingeka-zoncedo kunye nokuphelisa. Zisasazwa kwiikona ezichaseneyo zegumbi, zine-diagonally. Ityhubhu yokubonelela iqala kumgama we-40-50 cm ukusuka kumgangatho we-caller. Inokususwa eludongeni okanye phezulu, ukuya kwinqanaba lophahla (isiciko). Umbhobho wokuphelisa kufuneka ucime amanzi amdaka amaninzi ngokusemandleni, kwaye ke uqalise phantse phantsi kophahla-nge-10-16 cm ngezantsi. Iboniswe ngokungqongqo, hayi ngaphantsi kwe-meter roting ngaphezulu kophahla (isiciko). Ke ukuba amagqabi angaweli kwimibhobho, ayaqondakala i-grid, iambrela inxibe, kumbhobho wokuphelisa ukuphucula i-proust ungabeka i-deflector.
Ngaba olu hla wokusebenza lusebenza njani? Ngenxa yomahluko wobushushu, uxinzelelo kwaye ngenxa yamandla omoya. Kwisisele sexesha lasekwindla lasekwindla, lishushu kunasesitratweni. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba ngenxa yokuba umbhobho wokuphelisa uphakanyisiwe ngaphezulu kophahla, kwehla uxinzelelo lwehlisiwe. Ezi zizathu zinyanzela umoya ofudumeleyo ukusuka phantsi kophahla ukuya kulwa, kumbhobho. Umoya omtsha ubuya kwindawo yendawo ekude yomoya kwi-sub efihlakeleyo kwi-celler. Le nkqubo ngesantya esahlukileyo ihlala ihleli. Ngamanye amaxesha ebusika isebenza kakhulu, kuya kufuneka unciphise icandelo lomnqamlezo wemibhobho yomoya. Ukwenza oku, ungabeka i-gorint kuhlobo lwegiya okanye umbono wesithando, kodwa uhlala uza ngokulula- ivaliwe ngombhobho ovela phezulu, iplate enye, igquma kakhulu.
Kubukhulu obuncinci beendawo zeCellar ebekwe endulini, unokwenza ngombhobho omnye. Kule meko, u-moya ukhutshiwe, uza.