Ukuze inkqubo yokufudumeza ayivumi kwelona xesha lixakekileyo, ixesha lokufudumeza ladlula ngaphandle kweengxaki, kufuneka lihlole amaxesha ngamaxesha ukhangela imeko yezixhobo, ukuchonga zonke izinto ezinxibileyo. Uvavanyo olunjalo lubizwa ngokuba "lucinezela inkqubo yokufudumeza", yenziwa ngokwemigaqo ethile.
Ithini inkqubo yokutshisa yokufudumeza kunye nokunikezelwa kwamanzi
Ukufudumeza kunye nokubonelelwa kwamanzi ziinkqubo ezimbini ezibandakanya inani elikhulu lesona sixhobo sahlukileyo. Njengoko eyaziwayo, ukwenziwa kwayo nayiphi na inkqubo ye-multiconselponel kugqitywa kweyona nto ibuthathaka - xa isilele, iyayeka ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokuyinxenye. Ukutyhila bonke ababuthathaka kunye nokuqhekeza ukufudumeza kunye nokunikezelwa kwamanzi. Ukuba sithetha ngolwimi olulula, uxinzelelo lunyuswe ngokukodwa kunokuba umsebenzi, upukuhli. Yenza ngezixhobo ezizodwa, ulawulo loxinzelelo kunye negeji yoxinzelelo. Igama lesibini lonyango lovavanyo lwe-hydraulic. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba sicoce isizathu.
Ukucinezela ukufudumeza kwenziwa emva kokulungiswa okanye ngaphambi kwexesha lokufudumeza
Xa inkqubo yokufudumeza icinezelwa, uxinzelelo luphakanyisiwe yi-25-80% kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwemibhobho, i-radiators, ezinye izixhobo. Kucacile ukuba uvavanyo olunjalo luchonga onke amanqaku - yonke into engenasitokhwe, ikhefu, kwimibhobho enxibileyo kunye noqhagamshelo olungathembekiyo lubonakala luvuza. Ngokuphelisa zonke iingxaki ezichongiweyo, qinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokufudumeza okanye ukubonelelwa kwamanzi okwethutyana.
Ukuba sithetha ngokufudumeza ngokudibeneyo, emva koko ukuqhekeza kuhlala kuqhutywa ngokukhawuleza emva kokuphela kwexesha. Kule meko, kukho ixesha elifanelekileyo lokuphumla lokulungisa. Kodwa ayisiyiyo kuphela ityala kuphela xa ziqhutywa ezo ziganeko. Ukucinezela usadlula emva kokulungiswa, faka into. Ngokomgaqo, oku kuyaqondakala - kuyafuneka ukukhangela ukuba zinjani izixhobo kunye noqhagamshelo. Umzekelo, uhamba ngesikhephe esivela kwimibhobho yePolyproplene. Kuyimfuneko ukukhangela ukuba zikhutshiwe kangakanani. Oku kungenziwa ngoncedo lokuqhekeka.
Ukuba sithetha ngeenkqubo ezizenzekelayo kwizindlu zabucala okanye kwizindlu, emva koko ubonelelo olutsha okanye olulungiswa ngamanzi luhlala lutshekishwa nje lokuqalisa amanzi, nangona lungaphazamisi uvavanyo. Kodwa ukufudumeza kuyanqweneleka ukugqiba "ukugqiba", nangaphambi kokuyalela, kwaye emva kokulungiswa. Hlala ukhumbula ukuba loo mibhobho efihla ezindongeni phantsi okanye phantsi koqhwithela lokumiswa kufuneka livavanywe. Ngaphandle koko, ukuba uvavanyo luye luphele ukuba kukho ivuza apho, kuya kufuneka ubekile / uqhekeze kwaye uvumele iingxaki. Bambalwa oku kuya kuyenza.
Izixhobo zovavanyo kunye ne-frequency
Ukucinezelwa kweenkqubo eziphakathi kwenziwa ngabasebenzi abasebenzisa abasebenzi, ke ngoko akunakufanelekile ukuthetha ngayo. Kodwa yintoni efumana ubushushu babucala kunye nokubonelela ngamanzi, mhlawumbi ayingabo bonke abantu abaziyo. Ezi ziipumps ezizodwa. Zimbini iintlobo-zemanyuwali kunye nombane (ezenzekelayo). Ukuqhekeka kwe-pumps, uxinzelelo luphela lusebenzisa i-lever, ilawule uxinzelelo kwigeji edibeneyo yoxinzelelo. Iipumps ezinjalo zingasetyenziselwa iinkqubo ezincinci- kunzima ukukhuphela.
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Umatshini wokuqhekeza i-storming
Iipumps zombane zokuqhekeza - izixhobo ezinobunzima kwaye zibiza kakhulu. Bahlala bebeka ithuba lokwenza uxinzelelo oluthile. Ibekwe ngumqhubi, kwaye "uyibambe" ngokuzenzekelayo. Ezo zixhobo zithenga iifemu ezibandakanyekayo kwi-Storion.
Ngokutsho kwe-Snop, uvavanyo lwe-hydraulic lweenkqubo zokufudumeza kufuneka zenziwe rhoqo ngonyaka, ngaphambi kokuqala kwexesha lokufudumeza. Oku kukwasebenza nakwizindlu zabucala, kodwa, kodwa bambalwa abantu abawenza lo uqhelekileyo. Jonga amaxesha ngamaxesha kwiminyaka emi-5-7. Ukuba awuyi kuvavanya ukufudumeza kwakho minyaka le, ke akukho ngongoma yokuthenga izixhobo zokunyanga. Incwadana yemigaqo yexabiso eliphantsi imalunga ne- $ 150, kodwa ilungile-ukusuka kwi- $ 250. Ngokomgaqo, kunokwenzeka ukuba uthathe iqeshisi (ngokufuthi kukho izinto zokuthengisa iifemu zokuthengisa iinkqubo zokufudumeza okanye kwiidesika zesithuthi sokuqesha). Isixa siya kukhutshwa sincinci- ufuna isixhobo iiyure ezininzi. Ke le yimveliso elungileyo.
Fowunela i-EURDS okanye yenze ngokwakho
Ukuba uyadingeka ngenjongo ethile isenzo sokukhusela inkqubo yokufudumeza okanye ukuhambisa amanzi ashushu, unendlela enye kuphela ngaphandle - uku-odola le nkonzo kumbutho owodwa. Ixabiso lokufuna ukufudumeza linokubona kuphela. Kuxhomekeka kumthamo wenkqubo, ubume bayo, ubukho beekhreyithi ezivaliweyo kunye nenqanaba labo. Ngokubanzi, iindleko ziqwalaselwa ngokusekwe kwirhafu ngeyure enye yomsebenzi, kwaye iyaguquka kwi-ruble eyi-1000 ngeyure ezingama-2500 i-ruble / iyure. Kuya kufuneka sibize imibutho eyahlukeneyo kwaye sijamelane nabo.
Iifemu ezibandakanyeka kwi-Hydraulic tuts yeenkqubo, izixhobo zibaluleke kakhulu
Ukuba uphucule ukufudumeza okanye ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi ashushu kwikhaya lakho, kwaye uyazi kakuhle ukuba zeziphi iimpuku kunye nezixhobo zikwimeko eqhelekileyo, akukho zityumlo kunye needipozithi kuzo, ungaziqhuba. Akukho mntu ufuna izenzo zokuqhuba iimvavanyo ze-hydraulic. Nokuba ubonile ukuba imibhobho kunye nee-radiators zivaliwe, ungazikhulula yonke into ngokwakho, emva koko iphinde yavavanywa. Ukuba awufuni ukwenza le nto, ungabiza iingcali. Bona kwangoko kwaye bazenze le nkqubo kwaye baya kubamba ukuqhekeka kwayo, kwaye baya kukunika isenzo.
Isenzo senkqubo yovavanyo lwe-hydrostatic (i-crmim)
Qhubela phambili
Ukutsalwa kweenkqubo zokufudumeza kweenkqubo zokufudumeza zendlu yabucala kuqala ngokunqunyulwa kwi-Boiley System, i-vent yomoya ozenzekelayo kunye nokwandiswa kwetanki yokwanda. Ukuba kukho iikhreyithi zokutshixa kwezi zixhobo, kunokwenzeka ukubavala, kodwa ukuba iikhreyini ziphosakele, itanki yokwandiswa iya kusilela ngokuqinisekileyo, kwaye i-boiler-kuxhomekeke kwingcinezelo enikayo. Ke ngoko, itanki yokwandiswa kungcono ukuyisusa, ngakumbi kuba kulula ukuyenza, kodwa kwimeko yombizi kuya kufuneka ithembele impilo yamaqhinga. Ukuba kukho oosorile kwi-radiators, banqweneleka ukususa - abazenzelwe uxinzelelo oluphezulu.
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Ngamanye amaxesha ayisiyo yonke indyebo, kodwa inye kuphela. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, inqunyulwe ngoncedo lokuvalelwa kokuvalwa okanye ukuseta i-jumpers yethutyana - imiqondiso.
Kukho amanqaku amabini abalulekileyo: Ukucinezelwa kunokwenziwa kwiqondo lokushisa lomoya kungaphantsi + kwi-5 ° C, le nkqubo izaliswe ngamanzi ngeqondo lobushushu elingaphezulu kwe-45 ° C.
Emva koko, inkqubo yile:
- Ukuba inkqubo isebenza, i-commant yokupholisa.
- I-CRUSER iqhagamshelwe kwinkqubo. Kuye, kukho i-hose ephela ngeCape Nut. Le hose iqhagamshelwe kwinkqubo kuyo nayiphi na indawo efanelekileyo, ubuncinci kwindawo yetanki yokwandiswa okanye endaweni yokwanda kwe-drane.
- Amanzi athululwa kwi-cacitation yempompo yonyango, ngoncedo lwempompo ithe yaphoswa kwinkqubo.
Isixhobo sinxibelelanisa nayiphi na igalelo elifikelelekayo- kwinkonzo yokukhonza okanye ukubuyela umva-ayinamsebenzi
- Ngaphambi kokuphakamisa uxinzelelo, kufuneka ususe yonke umoya kwinkqubo. Ukwenza oku, kunokwenzeka ukuba impompo inkqubo embalwa kunye ne-crane evulekileyo ye-drain okanye itsisele ngenqwelomoya kwinqwelomoya kwi-radiator (i-maevsky).
- Le nkqubo idluliselwe kuxinzelelo lokusebenza, ikwimizuzu eli-10 ubuncinci. Ngeli xesha, yonke imihla yomoya eseleyo.
- Uxinzelelo luphakama ukuze luqinisekiswe, likwixesha elithile (elilawulwa yimigangatho yobulungiseleli bamandla). Ngexesha lovavanyo, zonke izixhobo nonxibelelwano ziyajongwa. Bavavanywa, kuba imbonakalo yokuvuza. Kwaye nokuba i-suble encinci ithathelwe ingqalelo ukuba incinci (i-sugging nayo ifuna ukupheliswa).
- Ngexesha lokuqhekeka, inqanaba loxinzelelo liyalawulwa. Ukuba ngexesha lovavanyo, ukuwa kwayo akugqithanga kwi-NYST (ipele i-Snuva), inkqubo ithathwa njengelungile. Ukuba uxinzelelo lwawa ubuncinci lungaphantsi kwezantsi kunelokoqobo, kufuneka ujonge ukuvuza, yisuse, emva koko qala ngokutsha.
Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, uxinzelelo lwekrware luxhomekeke kuhlobo lovavanyo lwezixhobo kunye nenkqubo (ukufudumeza okanye ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi). Iingcebiso zeCandelo loMphathiswa Wezandla, zenziwa kwiMithetho "yokulungiselela ubugcisa bezityalo zamandla e-Irmal" (iphe. 9.2.13) Ukuncitshiswa okulula kuncitshisiwe.
| Uhlobo lovavanyo lwezixhobo | Uxinzelelo lovavanyo | Ixesha lovavanyo | I-DORD yoQOQOSHO |
|---|---|---|---|
| I-Eevator knots, izitshisi zamanzi | I-1 MPA (10 kgf / cm2) | Imizuzu emi-5 | I-0.02 MPA (0.2 kgf / cm2) |
| Hlamba iinkqubo zenyibilikisi | I-0.6 MPA (6 kgf / cm2) | Imizuzu emi-5 | I-0.02 MPA (0.2 kgf / cm2) |
| Iinkqubo ezinephaneli kunye ne-radiators ekhuphayo | I-1 MPA (10 kgf / cm2) | Imizuzu eli-15 | I-0.01 MPA (0.1 kgf / cm2) |
| Iinkqubo ezishushu zamanzi ezishushu ezenziwe ngemibhobho yensimbi | Uxinzelelo olusebenzayo (i-0.5 MPA (5 kgf / cm2), kodwa hayi ngaphezulu kwe-1 MPA (10 kgf / cm2) | Imizuzu eli-10 | I-0.05 MPA (0.5 kgf / cm2) |
| Iinkqubo zokubonelela zamanzi ashushu ukusuka kwimibhobho yeplastiki | Uxinzelelo olusebenzayo (i-0.5 MPA (5 kgf / cm2), kodwa hayi ngaphezulu kwe-1 MPA (10 kgf / cm2) | Imizuzu engama-30 | I-0.06 MPA (0.6 kgf / cm2), kunye nokuvavanywa ngakumbi iiyure ezi-2 kunye nefukhi eliphezulu le-0.02 MPA (0.2 kgf / cm2) |
Nceda uqaphele ukuba ukuze uphononongo lokufudumeza kunye nemibhobho yamanzi ukusuka kwimibhobho yeplastiki, uxinzelelo lwexesha lokuphumla kwemizuzu engama-30. Ukuba ngeli xesha alikho ukuphambuka kufumaniseke, inkqubo ithathelwa ingqalelo ngempumelelo kwi-trawding yangaphambili. Kodwa uvavanyo luyaqhubeka nezinye iiyure ezi-2. Kwaye ngeli xesha, ukwehla kwinkqubo kwinkqubo kwakufanele kugqitywe kwinqanaba le-0.02 Mpa (0.2 kgf / cm2).
Itheyibhile yokuthobela yamacandelo ovavanyo ohlukeneyo
Kwelinye icala, kwi-Snop 3.05.01-85 (iphe 4.6) Kukho ezinye iingcebiso:
- Iimvavanyo zokufudumeza kunye neenkqubo zokubonelela ngamanzi ziyi-1.5 ukusuka kuMsebenzi, kodwa zingaphantsi kwe-0.2 MPA (2 kgf / cm2).
- Le nkqubo ithathelwa ingqalelo ngokufanelekileyo ukuba emva kwemizuzu emi-5 ihla kwi-0.02 MPA (0.2 kgf / cm).
Ngawaphi amalungiselelo okuzisebenzisa ngumbuzo onomdla. Ngelixa amaxwebhu omabini kwaye ukuqiniseka ukuba akukho qinisekileyo, ngoko ke kufanelekile. Kuyimfuneko ukuba uye kwityala ngalinye ngokukodwa, onikwa uxinzelelo oluphezulu apho izinto zayo zibaliwe khona. Ke uxinzelelo lokusebenza lwe-radiators zentsimbi aludlulanga kwi-6 ATM, ngokulandelelana, uxinzelelo lovavanyo luya kuba yi-9-10 kwi-ATM. Kufanelekile ukumiswa ngawo onke amanye amacandelo.
Ukucinezela umoya
Hayi kuyo yonke indawo kwaye ayisoloko inethuba lokuqesha i-crmsher, indlela yokuyithenga ngayo. Umzekelo, kuya kufuneka uvavanye ukufudumeza kwi-cottage. Izixhobo zicacile kwaye amathuba aqheleneyo. Kule meko, inkqubo yokutshisa yokufudumeza yenziwa ngumoya. Kwinaliti yayo, ungasebenzisa nayiphi na i-compressoor, nokuba i-automotive. Ngoxinzelelo, kulandelwa i-gesi yoxinzelelo
Ukuqhekeka okunjalo akulunganga kwaye akulunganga ngokupheleleyo. Ukufudumeza kunye nokunikezelwa kwamanzi kubalwa ngokuthuthwa kwezinto zotywala, kwaye baphelelwe kakhulu. Apho amanzi angayi kuvakalelwa khona, umoya uya kukhululwa. Ke ngoko, ngokuzithemba okuninzi, kunokutshiwo ukuba ukuvuza komoya kuya kuba - kwenye indawo, kuya kubakho uqhagamshelo olukhoyo. Ngapha koko, ukumisela indawo yokuvuza novavanyo olunjalo kunzima. Isetyenziselwe esi sisombululo sesepha, esiphulukana nalo lonke udibaniso kunye nonxibelelwano, zonke iindawo apho umoya unokuphuma khona umoya. Iibhubhu zibonakala kwindawo yokuvuza. Ngamanye amaxesha ukukhangela ixesha elide. Kungenxa yoko le nto ukrokreyitha okunjalo ukufudumeza akuthandwa kakhulu.
Ukugubungela umgangatho ofudumeleyo uneempawu zayo-kufuneka kuqala ujonge umzobo kunye nazo zonke izixhobo ezilungisiwe kuyo. Ukwenza oku, vala zonke iivali zotya iivalves kunye neelogo, ukuzalisa umqokeleli oshushu, jonga uxinzelelo. Yiphuluke kwisiqhelo, ngokuhambelana nokugcwalisa i-lop yomgangatho ofudumeleyo, kwaye kuphela ukugqwesa. Inkqubo ichazwa ngokweenkcukacha ngakumbi kwividiyo.
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