Umgangatho ofudumeleyo yinkqubo ekhethekileyo ebonelela ngokufudumeza nokuthuthuzela endlwini. Isiseko senkqubo enjalo kukufakelwa kweentambo zokufudumeza kombane okanye imibhobho enephonelwano, ezigalelwe simemente emva kokuhlolwa kwentsebenzo.
Iskimu sokuphakamisa umgangatho wokufudumeza ngombane.
Thula umgangatho onezandla zakho akukho nzima, kodwa kuyimfuneko ukuba uthobele zonke izinto zale nkqubo, khetha umxube osemgangathweni ophezulu wokugcwalisa. Uninzi lusetyenziswa isisombululo esiqhelekileyo sesamente, ifakwe kwi-2 yee-fairs - ukulungiselela i-Mnyama kunye nokugqitywa, okuzaliswayo emva kokufaka inkqubo kunye nonxibelelwano lwayo.
Kushushu
Ngaphambi kokuba uqele umgangatho ofudumeleyo, kufuneka ubone ngokukhawuleza ukuba zingaphi ii-fakers eziyimfuneko. Konke kuxhomekeke ekubeni liliphi ilizwe isiseko. Ngamanye amaxesha kuyadingeka ukubonelela nge-scred enzima. Ubungqingqwa bomaleko bunyukele kwi-5 cm kuphela, ukuzalisekisa kuyimfuneko ukuze kulungelelaniswe umphezulu, yenze ilungele ukufaka inkqubo yokufudumeza.
Umzobo ofudumeleyo we-subler kunye nekhonkrithi yekhonkrithi.
Umaleko wesibini wokugcwaliswa kubizwa ngokuba yiChistov. Kukutshixwa okuthe kratya, nto leyo egalelwayo ngqo kwinkqubo ekhuselweyo kwaye sisiseko sokubeka umgangatho. Ubungqingqwa bolu luhlu bukhulu, bunokufikelela kwi-10 cm, kodwa kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukukhetha umxube kunye nokuba ubushushu buyasasazwa njani.
Ngokwesiqhelo, abavelisi beenkqubo zesondo ezifudumeleyo babonelela ngeengcebiso malunga nobungqindilili, kuba uthambile kakhulu okanye umngxunya uya kuba mbi kwaye ugcine efudumele. Kwimeko yokuqala, inkqubo inokwenzakala ngengozi.
Ungazisebenzisa ngokugcwalisa umxube wekhonkrithi oqhelekileyo okanye usebenzise ume, obonakaliswa ngumgangatho. Iyasebenza ngakumbi. Amanzi ayafuneka ukuba ngaphantsi kancinane, kwaye isantya se-frozen siyakhawuleza. Amandla okuzalisa iziphumo eziphezulu.
Ayisiyo kuphela ikhonkrithi kwaye ihlolisise, kodwa ne-Fibrovolok, i-polymers, ivumela umsebenzi olula kwaye ngokukhawuleza, yinxalenye ye-semi-shrew. Inkqubo yokubekwa ayongafani kwisiqhelo, umxube usasazwa ngokuchanekileyo ngaphezulu, ulungelelaniswe. Izibane kunye nophawu zisetyenziselwa umsebenzi, kwaye iindonga ezijikeleze i-perimeter kufuneka zahlulwe yiribhoni ephukileyo.
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I-chernovaya igcwalisa kunye neempawu zakhe
Izikimu zokutsala.Ukuthulula umgangatho ngezandla zakho, kufuneka uqale qengqeleka, i.e. Gcwalisa ungqimba lwenqanaba lokuqala. Oku kuyakwenza ukuba umgangatho awugungqi kwaye kufanelekile ukufaka inkqubo yokutshutshiswa, kodwa ikwabonelela ngeemeko eziyimfuneko ngobunzima bayo. Ngaphambi kokuqala ukugcwaliswa kwedrafti, kuya kufuneka ubhabhe iindonga ngeenyawo, faka i-tepe ekhethekileyo.
Ukuthulula kwenziwa ngumaleko we-5 cm ephezulu, kodwa umgangatho kufuneka uphume ngokugqibeleleyo. Ngenxa yoku, makisha kunye nezibane ezikhethekileyo zisetyenziswa. Unokwenza umsebenzi ngoko nangoko umsebenzi wokufakelwa kwesiseko kunye nokupheliswa kwamanzi, yonke into ixhomekeke kwiimpawu zomgangatho ophantsi. Ngenxa yokugaya, umxube oqhelekileyo-umxube wesanti busetyenzisiwe, kodwa ungazithenga abatshati abakhethekileyo ezikwiivenkile ezineempawu ezintle.
I-Beton ukugqiba
Ukugcwaliswa komgangatho ofudumeleyo kwenziwa xa inkqubo iqinisekisiwe, kwaye imigangatho yamanzi, iphonty iyafuneka. Ekugqibeleni ukugqiba, izithuba zobushushu ezizodwa zicingelwa, kodwa ziyimfuneko kumagumbi amakhulu. I-Seam ayinzima kangako, kufuneka usike i-grooves ukuya kubunzulu be-3-4 cm . Oku kungenziwa ngediski yedayimane. I-slot ekhutshelwe i-foam - i-polythylene, emva koko umthungo ongentla uvaliwe ngetywina elisekwe kwi-silicone.
Ukugcwaliswa komgangatho ofudumeleyo kwenziwa ngumxube wekhonkrithi, kufuneka uhlangabezane nazo zonke iimfuno zoxinano. Kubalulekile ukukhetha uphawu lwekhonkrithi ukuba usebenze ngokuchanekileyo, kule meko kuphela m150-300 efanelekileyo. Kwangelo xesha, i-M150 isetyenziselwa indawo yokuhlala, kunye ne-M300 - yezamashishini.
Umgangatho wokutsala phantsi.
Uninzi lukholelwa ukuba izongezelelo zomxube ziya kunceda ukunyusa amandla, ukuphucula iimpawu, kodwa enyanisweni, ezinjalo, ezo zinto azisoloko zifuneka kumgangatho ofudumeleyo. Ngaphandle kwazo, kunokwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke, iya kusindisa isixhobo esisikiweyo, kodwa ayizukuchaphazela umgangatho. Ukuthululwa kunokwenziwa ngokwakhiwa kwesanti, kodwa olu khetho alulunganga.
Ukugqiba ukugcwalisa, kungcono ukufaka ikhonkrithi ekhethekileyo ngesidingo esincinci, kuyabonakala ngakumbi kwaye kunqinile, umgangatho emva komile.
Inqaku lesihloko: Phantsi kwaphantsi komgangatho ofudumeleyo ngezandla zakho
Ukugalela umgangatho, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa iingoma ezikhethekileyo zokulungiselela umxube:
- Isisombululo sekhonkrithi seNgxowa-mali: Inxalenye ye-1 yesamente kwiinxalenye ezi-6 zamathontsi aphekiweyo.
- Isisombululo sekhonkrithi esekwe kwinkunkuma kunye nesanti. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka uthathe inxenye ye-1 yesamente, i-3.5 yenxalenye yesanti engcwele, iinxalenye ezi-4 zerubble.
Ungasebenzisa umxube owenziwe obenziwe kwifom eyomileyo, baphalaza ngokwaneleyo. Umxube wesakhiwo usetyenziselwa ukushukumisa, iiplastiki zibandakanyiwe ekwenzeni ukuqhuba ukushukumisa.
Gcwalisa imiqathango
Ukuthulula umhlaba ofudumeleyo.
Kumgangatho ofudumeleyo, ukugcwaliswa kwenziwa ngokuhambelana neemeko ezithile ezinefuthe elithile kumgangatho. Ngomnyama wokugcwalisa okokuqala, ubukhulu be-scred kufuneka bube yi-5 cm. Oku kwanele ukuqinisekisa ukungqinisisa komgangatho, amandla afunekayo enkqubo yokufudumeza.
Ukugqiba ukugqiba ukugqiba ukugqiba ukugqiba, ubukhulu bunokwahluke ngokupheleleyo, ngokufuthi buhambelana ne-5-10 cm. Iiparamitha zixhomekeke kwinjongo yegumbi. Umzekelo, kwizakhiwo zokuhlala, i-5-7 cm yanele, kodwa kumaziko emizi-mveliso, apho umthwalo kwinkqubo iya kuba nkulu, ukugcwala kufuna i-10 cm.
Xa usenza loo msebenzi kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba ukuhanjiswa ngobushushu obufanelekileyo kubalulekile kwi-inffloor, i-quation, i.e. Ukugcina ixesha elide. I-thernet enkulu kakhulu ayihambelani.
Ukugcina isisombululo sekhonkrithi, unokufumana iindleko eziphezulu zokufudumeza, kuba ubushushu bomgangatho onjalo buza kuhlala bubi, inkqubo kuya kufuneka ifakwe kakhulu, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kuya kwanda.
Akunakwenzeka ukuba wenze umaleko omkhulu wokugcwalisa, njengoko uza kuthatha ixesha elingakumbi lokufudumeza, kwaye umphezulu ngokwawo uya kuvela mhle. Iingcali zesondo zesondo ezifudumeleyo ziyacetyiswa ukuba zigcine ixabiso elifanelekileyo le-5-8 cm.
Kubalulekile ngexesha lomsebenzi ukuba ungalibali malunga neemeko zangaphandle. Umzekelo, iqondo lobushushu kufuneka libe yiyo kunye ne-dibanisa kuphela. Akukho tyala alinakupapashwa kumaqondo obushushu athambileyo, nokuba uceba ukusebenzisa izongezo kunye nezinye izongezo.
Xa ungachithi i-scred?
Iskimu somgangatho ofudumeleyo ngenkqubo yebakaki ebolayo.
Ngelixa usebenza kwisixhobo esifudumeleyo esifudumeleyo, kufuneka uqiniseke ngononophelo ukuba onke amanyathelo ayahlonitshwa kwi-odolo efunekayo. Akunakwenzeka ukuba uqale ukutyelela umhlaba phantsi kwiimeko ezinjalo:
- Ukuba akukho makishwa ezindongeni, ngokutyibilikwa ngawo ubukhulu bokuqaqanjelwa.
- Ukungabikho kwetheyiphu ye-upant okanye ukuba ikhutshelwe kabuhlungu, i-bamba emva komphezulu weendonga, iqhubekile.
- Awunakho ukuthulula ungqameko olugqityiweyo ngaphambi kokuba intsebenzo yale nkqubo ayijongwa, kuba ayizukuzilungisa iingxaki. Kuya kufuneka ususe yonke ikhonkrithi yekhonkrithi kwaye wenze isikrolo kwakhona.
- Akunakwenzeka ukuba ugcwalise umhlaba ofudumeleyo wamanzi ukuba amanzi akwimibhobho akasebenzi, ubunzima ubunzima bekhonkrithi kukuthandabuza.
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Iziphelo ngokubanzi kumgangatho ofudumeleyo
Ukugalela ngokuchanekileyo umgangatho ofudumeleyo, kufuneka wenze imigaqo elula:
Umgangatho ofudumeleyo ubeka izikimu.
- Okokuqala, yonke i-Plaster iyasebenza. Xa udaka luyomile, ungaqala ukusebenza kwi-stread.
- I-ribbon enamanzi i-ribbon ixhonywe ezindongeni ngeenxa zonke kumjikelezo womhlaba, kuya kunceda ukuphepha iingxaki ezininzi kulwandiso lobushushu.
- Akunakwenzeka ukuba uqale ukugcwalisa ngaphambi kokuba ifakwe uphawu kwaye izibane azifakwanga. Kuphela kuxa ebasebenzisa, umgangatho uza kugudisa ngokugqibeleleyo kwaye ube mhle, ulungele ukufakelwa kwenkqubo yokufudumeza kunye nokubeka umbilini we-Outdoor.
- Kubalulekile ukwenza umxube ngokufanelekileyo ukuze ugcwalise. Nokuba umxube owomileyo owomileyo usetyenziswa, oqhawule umtshato ngamanzi, kuyafuneka ukuba athobele ngokupheleleyo yonke imisebenzi, ukusukela amandla, ukunqunyulwa komzimba, ukusasazeka kwayo ubushushu kuxhomekeke koku. Oku kuyasebenza kuzokuzalisa. Ukusetyenziswa kwemigangatho efudumeleyo akuyi kuba yimpumelelo xa ungqimba enobukhulu okanye uthambile, kwimeko yokugqibela kukho umngcipheko wokonakalisa inkqubo.
- Ukuba le ndawo inkulu, ke iyimfuneko ukucwangciswa kubushushu obukhethekileyo bathungelwa kumphezulu.
Ukugcwalisa umgangatho ofudumeleyo, ungasebenzisa imixube eyahlukeneyo esekwe. Oku kunokuba ngumxube owomileyo owenziweyo, oqhawule umtshato ngamanzi, isisombululo esimiselwe ngokuzimeleyo kwizithako (isamente, isanti, igravel, njalo njalo). Ungafaka isicelo se-semishow ekhethekileyo eyahlulahlulwe kumgangatho ophezulu. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwezaliseki, kuyimfuneko ukuze ulandele ngokucacileyo zonke iimfuno kunye namanqanaba, ingqalelo yokugcinwa.