Ukwahlula njani indawo yomlilo: udaka, iithayile, ilitye

Idolophu yomlilo endlwini okanye kwi-cottage-indawo yokutsala usapho lonke. Kucacile ukuba ifuna ukuba intle, kodwa ayithinteli ukusebenza - i-SOOT kunye ne-soot kunye ne-soot, ukungcola okanye ukuphinda oku kuphinda kubekho kwindonga le portal. Ngesi sizathu, umphezulu kufuneka uhlanjwe ngokulula. Ukongeza, ukugqitywa kwendawo yomlilo kufuneka kungaxhathise ubushushu - nangona iidesika zendawo yendawo ishushu kude kubushushu, akufanelekanga ukukoyika le mfuno. Yanelisa ezi mfuno azizizo izinto ezininzi. Luvuko olunganyangekiyo lobushushu, iintlobo ezikhethekileyo zeethayile ze-ceramic kunye nelitye - indalo okanye imbeko.

Indawo yokubeka umlilo

Udaka yenye yeendlela ezilula nezisebenzayo zokuyila indawo yomlilo. Kwiminyaka eliqela eyadlulayo, iindawo eziphantsi zazenziwe okanye zapeyinta. Namhlanje kubonakala ithuba elingaphezulu kodaka oluqhelekileyo, faka uluhlu lokuhombisa kunye nomasipala ohlukeneyo.

Ukwahlula njani indawo yomlilo: udaka, iithayile, ilitye

Ukugqiba i-Plaster Plations yeNdawo yingaqhelekanga

Iintlobo zodaka lweplani yomlilo

Ukugqibezela indawo yomlilo ngodaka kuyathandwa ngenxa yesizathu sokuba uyilo lunokukhula. Okwesibini udibaniso ukuba yonke into yenziwe ngokuchanekileyo, ukufezekisa umphezulu ogudileyo, ukugqiba okuthandekayo. Ukuqulunqwa kweendawo zokucima umlilo, iikopi ezifanayo zisetyenziselwa izitofu zezitena. Nangona iqondo lobushushu lokufudumeza yahlukile, imixube ye-Plaster yenza okufanayo. Zimbini iindlela zokhetho: Yenza i-plastation ngokwakho okanye uthenge ilungele. Ukuba amava okusebenza nodongwe kunye nokumiselwa kokutyeba kwayo akunjalo, kungcono ukuthenga. Iiplarithi zokuthenga zeeplani zokucima umlilo kunye nezixhobo zibandakanya ukongezwa kunye nezixhobo ezenza ukuba umhlaba uhlale ixesha elide, imingxunya ivele kancinci.

Umxube we-Plaster yeNdawo yeMililo

Njengommiselo, umenzi ngamnye uneengoma ezimbini ezinepropathi ezahlukeneyo. Eyokuqala isisiseko, ngesigqitha sokugqibela. Ingasetyenziswa i-suber eyaneleyo-ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10 mm. Emva komile, ungqameko lwesibini lubekiwe - gqiba. Iqulethe izinto ezicekeceke kakhulu ezicekeceke, zisetyenziswa nge-suble encinci - zihlala zisiya kwi-3 mm, umphezulu ufunyenwe egudileyo. Umphezulu onjalo unokupeyinta ukuba uqhotyoshelwe ngokuthe ngqo) okanye usebenzise udaka lokuhombisa.

Ukuba ufuna ukugqiba kwendawo yokucima umlilo ukuxabisa ubuncinci bexabiso, ukwenziwa kwesanti kudongwe, isanti kunye ne-lime ngokuzimeleyo. Kodwa, kwakhona, phinda, ngaphandle kwamava ngodongwe, qinisekisa ukuba udaka oluzenzakeleyo lungaphumi, kunzima. Iingoma zokuhlaselwa kwendawo yokubethwa kwendawo yokubenza babe nezandla zabo zahlukile, nantsi ingqiqweni:

I-Clay-Lime:
- Inxalenye ye-Clay kunye nokuthiyiwe limes + 2 iziqwenga zentlabathi;
- Kwisiseko se-limed ye-hazed-kwiinxalenye ezi-2 zekati yenxalenye enye ye-gypsum kunye nesanti.
Isamente: Udongwe: Inxalenye enye yodongwe kunye nesamente (M 500) + 2 iziqwenga zentlabathi;

Ukuze indawo yendawo yendawo yomlilo yendawo yokucima umlilo, ukuqinisa i-fibers yongeza kuyo. Ngaphambili, yayiyingca ecocekileyo ekhethiweyo, kamva - iintsinga ze-Asbestos, kwaye namhlanje yongezwa ikakhulu kwiglasi okanye ifibre fiber. Isabelo sesongezelelo sesincinci - 0.1-- ..2 amalungu. Yongezwa kwizinto ezomileyo (isamente kunye nesanti), yonke into ixutywe. Umxube owomileyo wongezwa kwi-Clay kunye / okanye i-Limestone Demard, idityaniswe kwakhona, amanzi yongezwa njengoko kufuneka.

I-Lime kungcono ukuba ithathe i-lime esele iyile novavanyo lwelitye. Ukuba uyayicima ekhaya, amasuntswana angazange aqhubeke, apho xa kusebenza indawo yokusebenza kwendawo yendawo leyo ke icinyiwe, itshabalalisa umhlaba ophantsi. Ngokuphathelele isanti-inani layo likhethwe ngokuchanekileyo kuxhomekeka kumxholo wamafutha wodongwe. Isisombululo kufuneka sibe seplastiki ngokwaneleyo. Umxholo wamafutha wesisombululo uphonononge ngesiqwenga somthi. Yithoba kwisisombululo kwaye uyifumane. Ukuba ungqimba olugudileyo lwe-2-3 mm lihlala kumphezulu, isisombululo siqhelekileyo. Ukuba umaleko unobunzima kwaye i-mercury-kuyimfuneko ukongeza i-sand ukuba intonga iphantse icocekile - yongeza i-clays.

Inqaku lesihloko: Isixhobo sombane esifudumeleyo soMpu: Itekhnoloji

Isisombululo sokutyeba esiqhelekileyo

Udongwe luchongwe kwangaphambili (iintsuku ezi-2 okanye de zonke iziqhushumbisi zigxothiwe), emva koko zisuswe sisikhuselo sensimbi nge-2 cm. I-Clay Dom yodongwe iphinde yatyhalwa kwigridi, kodwa sele inesisele esihle - i-0.5- I-0.7 mm.

Isanti ifuna umsebenzi, kufuneka icoceke kwaye yomile. Ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa, ikhutshiwe nayo.

Kwabo bangafuni kufumaneka kunye neengoma ezizenzileyo sinika iifemu ezininzi ezivelisa udaka lweendawo zokucima umlilo kunye nezixhobo. Ezi zidibaniso zilandelayo zibonakalise:

I-Plovenite Supercohol yeRescohol;
I-Petrojyiks Ku;
ubushushu bokunganyangeki kwe-terracotta;
I-Bhssnab;
I-parade RS;
I-RTRN;
I-hefinempz yokutyela ye-hefineace.

Kukho bobabini abavelisi basekhaya kunye ne-European. Akunakwenzeka ukuba uthi ukuba iingoma zaseRussia zibi kakhulu, kodwa kulula ukusebenza ngengeniso.

IZIXHOBO ZEZITHUTHA NOKUFUNDA

Indlela yokusebenzisa isisombululo ayifani: I-Spatula okanye ibhakethi ekhethekileyo isetyenziswa (ifakwe) umlo othile, emva koko ulungelelaniswe (kwizibane). Amagqabantshintshi alungiselelwe indawo yokugcina umlilo kwi-plaster:

Okokuqala, ukugqitywa kwakudala kuyasuswa ezindongeni, ukuba kunjalo-upende, i-lime, intsalela yesamente, udaka, njl njl. Kufuneka kubekho isitena esicocekileyo kuphela.
Ngobubi obungcono besisombululo sokudakumba kunye nomphezulu, imithungo yenziwa nzulu malunga ne-1-1.5 cm. Thatha i-COM yakho. Thatha i-Anderther, i-chisel okanye i-screwdriver kwaye uyikhuphe isisombululo kwimithungo.
Zonke ii-crockis ezitywiniweyo zilungisiwe zenza i-up okanye itywina elixhaphakileyo (eligcina ukufudumeza ukuya kwi-800 ° C).
Xa yonke into ilungisiwe, thatha ibrashi enezibristles ezinde kwaye uhlambulule impilo. Ifanele icoceke.
Emva koko khetho:
- Ukuba umphezulu womlilo ugudileyo (umahluko ongaphantsi kwe-5 mm), ungayinyanzela iindonga kwaye uqalise ukusebenzisa i-plaster.
- Ukuba, ngenxa ye-curvature yomphezulu, umaleko kuya kufuneka wenze ngaphezulu kwe-5 mm, ukuqiniswa kuyafuneka. Kwiindonga zendawo yomlilo, batya igridi yentsimbi eneziqwenga ezingenamanzi. Ilungisiwe ngezikhonkwane, ezivaliweyo emthungo (i-seams ayinakuqhekezwa, okanye icekeceke, kodwa ayinzulu kakhulu). Ukugcina iminqwazi ukugcina igridi, nxiba i-sheds yentsimbi enkulu kunesayizi yeseli. Ngaphezulu kwezi zitavu zisetyenzisiwe. Kule meko, unokuqiniseka ukuba umhlaba awuzukutshabalalisa.

Indawo yomlilo emva kwendawo

Ngaphambi kokuqala ukubetheka kwindawo yomlilo, funda ngocoselelo imiyalelo kwipakethe. Ihlala ichazwa phantsi kweziphi iimeko kunye nendlela yokusebenzisa i-plaster. Kodwa iinkosi zicebisa ukuba zinyibilike indawo yomlilo, zifudumele iindonga ukuya kuthi ga kwi-60 ° C, emva koko zidibanisa umphezulu kwaye uqalise ukubetheka. Fudumeza iindonga ukuze isitena sithathe ubungakanani bayo "bokusebenza". Kule meko, kunqabile ukuba xa ifudumezwe yindawo yokuqaqamba. Amanzi okumanzi ayimfuneko ukuze isisombululo asisimisi kakhulu: i-bite yi hygroscopic. Ukuba yomile, ngokukhawuleza ukufoma amanzi kwi-Plaster And kwaye yomile kakhulu, ayiqaqadeki kude kube yinto eqhelekileyo. Iziphumo ziqhekekile kumphezulu.

Amanqaku ambalwa ngakumbi ngokomisa. Ngokubeka indawo yomlilo, ubuncinci ubuncinci zisetyenziswe. Okwesibini bunokusetyenziswa kuphela emva komomo wokuqala. Ukukhawulezisa ukomisa, unokucwangcisa uyilo, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukujika indawo yomlilo. Kuyafana ukusebenza kwesibini - ukugqiba.

Itekhnoloji yendawo yokuthoba iziko kunye neendawo zokucima umlilo ziyibona ividiyo elandelayo.

Ejongene ne-tile yendawo yomlilo kunye ne-porcelain

Ukugqitywa kwe-teile ye-file yendawo okanye i-porceloin yenziwa kubushushu obukhethekileyo obuxhaphaza ubushushu. I-tile yemisebenzi ayifanelekanga. Kufanele ukuba kube kukulungele ukuthuka, hlalani, udiliza (nge-pores ezincinci), kwaye kuya kuba lula ukukhathalela.

Ukugqiba indawo yomlilo ngokweethayile ze-ceramic eqhelekileyo yitottery. Ukuba unethamsanqa, liya kuma ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba akunjalo - emva komzuzwana, ungqimba lwelow luya kugubungela uthungelwano lweyona mpahla intle. Umbono uya kuba "hayi kakhulu", hlamba ubunzima. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, kungcono ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezizodwa:

I-Terracotta. I-tiles enomgangatho ongonwabisiyo iphawulwa ngumbala wokulinganiswa, enkosi apho wafumana khona igama layo. Ifana nesitena sokusebenza kolwandiso lwe-shirmal, kuba ayiqhekeki.
I-Terracotta-I-TIILE YOKUGQIBELA YOKUGQIBELA NOKUFUNDA
I-Mawelica. Le yi-terracotta enye ye-terracotta kuphela kunye ne-icy esetyenziswe kwicala elingaphezulu. Itekhnoloji inzima kakhulu, ixabiso liphezulu. Ukugqibezela i-Maitol Maitolika kufuna ukukhula kuka sketch- awuyi kuyicheba i-tile. Ikwafuna ukuqinisekiswa kwe-Master-I-Plaitions encinci iyabetha. Kuyabonakala ukuba, ngenxa yesi sizathu, ewe, ngenxa yamaxabiso aphezulu kakhulu, unokubona iindawo zomlilo kunye nezitovu ezineziqwenga zeMaitolika. Ndimele ukuthi la maqhekeza ahonjiswe kakhulu kwaye ahlaziyelwe ngaphakathi.

Maitolika-Ibala kwaye intle
Iithayile zokuxhasa ubushushu. Yenza ukuba isuka kumxube weentlobo zodongwe oluninzi, kunye nokongezwa kwe-chamot. Iifomula zayo zicinezelwe, emva koko tshisa. Isiphumo sithambile - 9-12 mm ubukhulu - kunye ne-teile yomeleleyo. Imibala-ukusuka kwi-White-grey ukuya emdaka.

I-Tecper enganyangeki
I-Porcelain yamatye. Itekhnoloji yemveliso iyafana- okokuqala ukwenziwa kuyacinezelwa, emva koko itshiswe. Izinto zenziwe ngokwahlukeneyo: Ukongeza kwiindidi zodongwe ezininzi, ukongezwa kwesanti ye-quartz, i-crum encinci okanye i-marble, i-marble, i-DYES, ii-oxide kunye netyus. Ubume be-porcelain amatye ngamatye asezantsi, kunyamezela amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kwaye asezantsi. Itekhnoloji ivumela ukufumana izinto, ukulinganisa iMarble, amanye amatye endalo, i-terracotta, icwerher kunye ne-dolophu. Ukunqongophala kwe-porcelain kunzima ukuyisika kwaye ubunzima obukhulu. Ukujamelana neendawo zokucima umlilo, iipleyiti zobubanzi zisetyenzisiwe, kuba ubunzima abuyoyiki, kwaye bungongezwa kwinkampani (kuphela kufuneka wazi eyona nto ibalulekileyo).

Ukugqiba indawo yomlilo nge-ceramranger-ungayenza uyilo naluphi na uhlobo
I-Tiemas. Itekhnoloji yemveliso ayifani kakhulu-udongwe lubunjiwe, lutshiswe kwiziko. Umahluko ophambili yifom kunye nendlela yokufakwa. Iithayile ziyafakwa ngexesha lokuphalatha kweziko okanye indawo yomlilo - iziqwengana ngeengcingo zihleliwe kwimithungo. Ukugqitywa kwendawo yomlilo egqityiweyo akunakwenzeka.

Inkqubo yokufaka iithayile

Iithayile ezizodwa zokujongana neendawo zokucima umlilo kunye nezixhobo zenziwe ngefomathi encinci okanye ephakathi, kwaye i-porcelain efanayo ikwiipleyiti ezinkulu. Isitampu esingenamthungo, kunjalo, sinomtsalane, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukugqiba oko akuyi kuwa. Ukwandiswa kwe-thermal ukusebenza kwahlukile, ngenxa yoku, izehlo zinokwenzeka.

Itekhnoloji yokuziphakamisa kwi-thayile yomlilo wodonga kunye nombhobho wokuphelisa

Zonke iintlobo ezidwelisiweyo zeethayile, ngaphandle kweethayile, zibekwe kwimigca yomlilo yetekhnoloji enye. Ukugqitywa kweethayile ze-firethitop uqala ngenqanaba lokulungiselela, kwaye enye kwi-coincides enye kwezi zinto zichazwe apha ngasentla: cima umphezulu, gubungela i-SEAMS, i-CAMS ukuya kuthi ga kwi-60 ° C, ingaqala ukugqibezela i-tile yendawo yomlilo.

Ngezitenxo ezinkulu kubalulekile ukuze zisungule indawo yomlilo. Izisombululo-naziphi na, zinodongwe kunye nesamente, kodwa zingabinayo i-lime. Ukulungiselela-umgangatho, kunye nenkqubo yokuqhekeka. Umahluko kukuba okwesibini akukho mfuneko yokuba isebenzise i-veemer.

Ukubeka i-tile eludongeni kwindawo yomlilo emva komile ngokupheleleyo. Itekhnoloji yokufaka itekhnoloji-imigangatho, umahluko kububutyebi bethungo. Kwindawo yomlilo, kungcono ukubabenze ngaphezulu (kubuyekeza ubungakanani obahlukileyo lobuqili obuqinileyo), kuba endaweni yomnqamlezo, iziqwenga ezomileyo ziyi-9.5 mm.

Iglue isetyenziswa kwi-tile

Iglue isetyenziswa eludongeni okanye kwi-tile, inyibilikiswe yi-spatulad ye-toultiud. I-tile icinezelwe kumphezulu, inyikima ukusuka kwicala, isetiwe kwisikhundla esifunekayo. Cwangcisa umgama phakathi kweziqwengana usebenzisa i-plaster strickor strict strict strict strict strict strict strict strict strict. Susa ukusuka kwiiyure ezi-3-4 emva kokufakwa.

I-TIle kumlo wokucima umlilo ukuze womile. Ixesha elingacacanga lixhomekeke kwiglue kunye nemozulu esetyenzisiweyo, ihlala iboniswa kwiphakheji eneglue. Inqanaba lokugqibela lizalisa imisele. Ukuncamathisela imithungo ikwasetyenziswa okhethekileyo, ukuthenga ngcono ngeglue-inkampani enye ukuze kungabikho zinto zisebenzayo. Inkqubo ikwangumgangatho-wokuqulunqwa kuqhawule umtshato ngamanzi ngokwemiyalelo, imithi igcwaliswa yi-spatula yerabha okanye isirinji yokwakha. Isisombululo esisesikweni esishiyiweyo siyahambelana, uhlobo lomthungo omuhle. Intsalela isula i-rag ethambileyo.

I-SEAMS phakathi kweethayile ibalasele ezikhoyo ngeesikali

Kukho ingcebiso evela kwiinkosi:

Ukuze i-tyile iqinisekisiwe ukuba ingawi, qhoboshela igridi yensimbi kunye neendlela ezintle eludongeni. Kungcono ngakumbi ukuba ugcwalise i-seames yezikhonkwane kwaye uwele ucingo oluthambileyo lwentsimbi, ukudala isakhelo se-wire. Olu khetho lungcono kuloo ndawo zintsonkothileyo Igridi inokwenziwa. Eli nqanaba liyimfuneko ukuba uza kunyibilika i-Porcelain ye-Porcelain ye-Porcelain okanye ifomathi enkulu ye-tile.
Ukuze ungabeki umaleko omkhulu weglue, ayisebenzise eludongeni nakwiithayile, kwaye apho kwaye kukho i-Spatulad Spatula.
Ngaphambi kokubeka i-tile, yasasaza phantsi ukuze ukwazi ukuyixabisa ngokwenene indlela enokuba ngumsindo.
Emva kokubeka i-tile nganye, izisombululo ezigqithisileyo ziyasuswa kwimithungo. Baya kuthi emva koko bazaliswe lithiyile ekhethekileyo. Umphezulu we-tiles ushiyekile kwangoko-ukuba iglu iyakroba, ayikho ngqiqweni ukuyicoca.

Into ephambili kulo msebenzi kukuqinisekisa ukuba iikopi zomoya azikhiwanga phantsi kokugqitywa. Umoya unokwandiswa okukhulu okusebenzayo kwaye, xa ushushu, iya kuze iphule i-tile eludongeni.

Imililo imililo yoMlilo

Ungafundanga malini malunga nendlela yokwenza, jonga ngakumbi iluncedo - iinkcukacha ezingakumbi zinokuqonda.

Indlela yokucoca ilitye lomlilo

Ukugqibezela ilitye le-Fireplogickigy ngokweekhilomitha hayi kakhulu ekubekweni kweethayile. Umahluko ekusebenzeni kunye nezinto eziphathekayo ngokwayo, kwaye ngetektage phantse akukho manqaku. Ekuphela kwento - xa usebenzisa i-tummy yendalo, qiniseka ukuba i-mesh yomlilo. Ngaphandle kokuba iwele.

Ukugqiba ilitye lendawo yokucima umlilo-enye yeendlela zokhetho

Iimpawu zokusebenza kunye nelitye le-gypsum

Olu hlobo lwelitye lokuhlobisa alibizi kwaye lukhona, unokugqibezela imililo, ngakumbi ngaphandle kokulayisha ngaphezulu. Kukho kuphela intsingiselo ethile, ngaphandle kokuba ungayi kufezekisi isiphumo esihle.

Itekhnoloji yemveliso yelitye le-gyppum injalo kwinto nganye kukho izinto ezithile zokungahambelani, kukho izinto ezithile, i-sublux, ukuqina. Bayahamba ngoncedo lwenkqutyana, isibonelelo sodaka sinqunyulwa ngaphandle kweengxaki. Into nganye yokujongana ibalwa ukuze isakhelo esine-Angle ye-45 ° (okanye) yadalwa kwi-perimeter.

Ngapha koko, ngamaxesha amaninzi ama-angular yelitye lokuhombisa i-millimitha ezimbalwa ngaphezulu kwesiqhelo kwiqokelelo enye. Ukuze ijonge i-monolithic, kuyimfuneko ukucoca lo mahluko-ukugqiba. Xa zonke izinto ezijamelene nazo zilungele, zinokubekwa kwindawo. Sebenzisa iglue enganyangekiyo kubushushu bendawo yokucima umlilo, nkqu nakwindlela efanelekileyo ephantse yafuduswa.

Sebenza ngelitye lendalo

Uninzi luhlala lujamelene neendawo zokucima umlilo ngelitye lendalo, lomile kwiipleyiti. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-Tghtry okanye iTile yelitye. Uhlobo lwazo zonke iziqwenga zahlukile, kuya kufuneka wenze ngokwezifiso ukuze yonke into intle. Kule meko, ngokuchanekileyo ngokuchanekileyo ukuqala kuwo wonke umfanekiso kwinqwelomoya, thatha kwaye uqhubekeke. Kuphela kusemva kokuba i-mosaic iqala, iya kunokwenzeka ukuba iglu. Yonke itekhnoloji yeeMontge eludongeni lwendawo yomlilo ichazwe apha ngasentla kwaye ayifani. Yonke inkqubo inokujongwa kwividiyo.

Ukugqitha okunomdla kweeplani zomlilo (ifoto)

Zonke iindlela ezichazwe apha ngasentla zinokudityaniswa ngokwenza ukugqitywa kwezitayela ezahlukeneyo. Ngamanye amaxesha ijika intle kakhulu. Ezinye ezinye sele ziphunyezwe zihlehlisiwe apha ngezantsi.

Uyilo lomlilo olunomdla kakhulu

Olu khetho luya kulunga kwizitayile zangoku.

Ukugqibezela i-mosaic yendawo yomlilo ilunge ngakumbi kwiifom ezijikelezileyo, apho ezinye izinto zinengxaki kakhulu

Ukudityaniswa kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zelitye lezinto eziphilayo ngamaqhekeza omthi

I-FiremCriin yendawo yomlilo kunye ne-phale yokuphelisa i-poipe

Ukudityaniswa kodaka kunye neethayile

Zimbini iindlela zokukhetha ukufezekisa impembelelo enjalo-upeyinta indawo ekhoyo yomlilo we-breck

Ipoliswe i-ceramgorean

Lilitye le-putreware yamatye, ifomathi encinci. Njengoko ubona, ihle kakuhle kwiifom ezijikelezileyo. Indawo ethe tyaba kunye neekholamu - ne-Porcelain yamatye, kodwa sele enohlobo lweepleyiti