Xa usike i-logic cabin, ulandelelwano lwetekhnoloji kufuneka luqwalaselwe, yinkqubo ebalulekileyo yokusikwa komgangatho ophezulu. Ngokukodwa kufuneka ihlawulwe ingqalelo ekuqiniseni ububanzi bobubanzi bokusikwa, ukusuka apho ukuthembeka kunye nobomi bophahla kuya kuxhomekeka.
Iindidi zolwakhiwo lwe-raftter.
Uhlobo lophahla oluzayo kunye neendlela zokwenza ukuba i-rafter kufuneka ikhethwe ngezixhobo apho indlu yelog iyakhiwa khona, indawo eya kuba nolwakhiwo. Uyilo lweereyithi zophahla zidlala indima enkulu xa inamathela.
Xa isixhobo sokuphawu sophahla, abakhweli abasemgangathweni ophakathi kwezakhiwo eziphezulu zibaluleke kakhulu, kuba iimpazamo zibaluleke kwaye zibabale izinto ezikhethwe kakubi, kuya kufuneka ziphinde zichaphazele isiqu, kuya kufuneka iphinde iqhubeke.
Ungayifumana njani i-rafylas
Bala iirafti zinokuba ngeendlela ezininzi:
- ukusebenzisa iMaumer;
- kwimibhiyozo ngaphezulu kwebhungana;
- ngokuqinisa kunye nemivalo yenkuni ye-theminan;
- Ukunxibelelana nesithsaba esiphezulu seendonga zeengodo;
- Sebenzisa ukuqhekeza kwendlu, eyakhelwe kwinkqubo yesakhelo.
Iindawo ezikhulayo zenkqubo yenkqubo yeRAFT.
Iireyitha ezisetyenzisiweyo kumiselo lophahla kwimililo zahlulwe sisixhonyiwe kwaye sityekelekile. Xa uphuma izindlu zomthi kunye nendawo enkulu yophahla, isetyenzisiwe iirafti.
Izixhobo eziphambili emsebenzini zezi:
- roulette;
- wabona;
- UColine;
- ipensile;
- isando;
- isikere;
- inqanaba.
Indawo yokubeka i-Plafpes xa uzifaka
Ukuphawula okuqhotyoshelwa kweeplanga ukuya kwisithuba kufuneka kuqala ngamafutha, ngelixa izinto zibekwe ngokuqinileyo kumafutha. Kodwa kuqala ebhodini kufuneka anqumle inkxaso-izinyo. Kwi-West Wedge ye-cut, ukuphinda ubungakanani bezinyo, ipompo i-groove. Kwakukhawuleza kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngaphandle kwezinyo kwaye i-groove ayinakukwazi ukubamba i-rafter. Xa iziphelo zikwindawo ephezulu, iyimfuneko ukubeka i-5 cm engezantsi, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuphakama kwe-ver.
Inqaku lesihloko: Uyilo lwangaphakathi lwegumbi lokulala ezimbini zegumbi lokulala 45 sq.m
Xa iprojekthi yophahla lwekhabhathi yelog ibonelela ngento yokutsalela i-skate ukusuka kwibar okanye iilogo, ukubeka ukubeka, i-rafter kufuneka ifakwe ngezikhonkwane. Xa zonke izinto zifakiwe (dilation, iikhreyithi) -ukukhwela okwethutyana ngendlela yezipikili.
Iirafti zenkqubo yokumakisha.
Oku kuyafuneka ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke izinto azizibisi zonke izinto kwindawo yokuncipha.
Ngokwesiqhelo, kufakwe iirafti ngokuhambelana nenqanaba le-60 cm nangaphezulu.
Umgama wenyathelo uza kuxhomekeka kulwakhiwo lolwakhiwo kunye nendawo yokwakhiwa kwayo. Faka iirafti kumacala omabini ngaphambili, ngenxa yoko, kufunyenwe ubume bentente. Kwiindawo ekunxibelelaneni, iirafters kunye neza ngaphambili kufuneka zihlale zingumqambi ubuncinci we-5 cm, ezaliswe zizinto zangoku.
Ukufakwa kwezinto ezixhonyiweyo: Iimpawu
Kule meko, kuphela iindonga ezixhasayo, ezinokukhokelela kwi-spacer ethe tyaba kuyo yonke uyilo (isiki). Ukuququzelela lo mthwalo ngaphambi kokuphakama kunye nokuqhagamshela iirafti kwisiseko sodonga (Sika) Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-filing, eyenziwe kwibar okanye kwibhodi, enkosi apho i-RAFT ixhunyiwe khona. Ngenxa yoko, kuyavela ubume obuthembekileyo besakhelo, kwaye bafakwe kwizithsaba ezinqunywe.
Kukho indlela efanayo xa imiqongo isetyenziswa. Izinto ezinjalo zifakwe kunye nee-rafters kwindiza enye kunye ne-perpendicular ukuya kwisiseko sodonga. Le ndlela isetyenziswa xa ufaka izakhiwo zeMannard.
Iskimu semihlambi yokuxhoma.
Unxibelelwano loyilo kunye ne-beams ngaphandle kokuqina kophahla lucetyiswa ukuba lusetyenziswe kwimeko yamandla alongezelelekileyo kunye nokuzinza kweendonga zecawe. Oku kungenxa yokuba uxinzelelo kwiindonga zokusika kwesakhiwo ngokwasoya kuthintelwa, kwaye ungayi kufake iyunifomu, xa usebenzisa iMaurolalat.
Kule meko, indlela ye-Beam yesixhobo esigqithisileyo kufuneka ikhethwe ngemilinganiselo ye-50X150 mm. Ukucwangcisa inyibiba yophahla, imivalo yeplanga ithatha le nto, ekuvumela ukuba ulungiselele i-55 cm. Izinto ezi-raft ngaxeshanye indlela ifanele ibe yeyokwenzelwe udonga kwaye iqhotyoshelwe kumda we ibha.
Inqaku lesihloko: Ukufakelwa kufutshane nomnyango ngezandla zakho: Izikim (imiyalelo yevidiyo)
Itekhnoloji yokuphakamisa kwi-maeert
I-Maurlall yenye yezona zinto zigqithisileyo zophahla lokusikwa. Inika ingxelo yengcinezelo yobunzima obukhulu bophahla lonke, ekufuneka lusasazwe ngokulinganayo ngenxa yezinto ezizimeleyo. Ukunyuka kweMaurolal kwenziwa ngezinto ezikhawulezayo ezinika olu xinzelelo. I-Mauert ifana neelog eziqinileyo ezibekwe kwi-perimeter kunye neziqwenga zobude bemitha, ezicwangciswe ngqo phantsi kwezinto eziphantsi.
Ukwenzela ukwenziwa kwe-Mauerlast, iilogo zelogo ze-log kuphela, iibhodi kunye neebhodi ezinemilinganiselo emincinci ye-100x100 mm, 100x150 mm kunye ne-150x150 mm kunye ne-150x150 mm. Ukuba isetyenzisiwe, emva koko elinye icala linqunyulwe ukwandisa unxibelelwano nesithsaba esiphezulu sokusika. Ukukhwela iMarolalat kungaveliswa ngeendlela ezininzi.
Iskimu senziwe ngenkxaso yokutsala.
Xa i-log bbit yenziwa ngelog okanye kwi-bar, iMaurlalat ifakwe ecaleni komqolo ophezulu kwaye ifakwe kwilog. Unokukhusela:
- ngoncedo lweebhulukhwe zeplanga okanye zensimbi;
- amaqhekeza ensimbi;
- ikona yentsimbi;
- Sebenzisa i-wire ye-garedanity enedayimitha eyi-4 mm.
Indlela eqhotyoshelwe njani i-makeert
Ukuqiniswa kwenziwe ngalo lixesha elinoxanduva kwinkqubo yokufaka uphahla. Ukusuka kwindlela yokuncamathisela izinto zophawu nge-MauERT, imeko yophahla phantsi kwempembelelo yomoya, ikhava yekhephu, utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kubushushu luya kuxhomekeka kuyo. Zonke izinto zokhuni ziyakwazi ukufunxa umswakama kwaye kwangaxeshanye zisanda, kwaye phantsi kwempembelelo yonyuso lobushushu. Ngenxa yeempawu zezakhiwo zeplanga, akucetyiswa ukuba ucwangcise zonke izinto zonxibelelwano ngengqongqo, njengoko oku kukhokelela kwi-Ruptus kunye nokususwa. Ingozi inokubonisa ukuvela kwemikhosi ye-spacer echaphazela iindonga zecawe, ngenxa yokufakelwa ngokungakhathali. Ukuba oku akwenzeki, kufuneka ube nombono wokufaka iirafti kwindlu yelogi.Skrolela ngeMauert unokudityaniswa kwezi ndlela zilandelayo:
- HARD;
- ukutyibilika.
Uhlobo lwengqungquthela lusetyenziswa kuthathelwa ingqalelo ubume bophahla kunye nohlobo oluqhelekileyo - obuthathaka okanye oxhonywe.
Inqaku lesihloko: Ukoyikiswa kombane olula ngezandla zakho
Ukusebenzisa ukukhawuleza
Izixhobo zokuxhoma ubuhlakani.
Xa ufaka iirafti kwibar, indlela enamathisela enzima ibalulekile ukuba ilandele ngqo iimfuno ezithile kwaye ikhuphe, ijijekile, ijika, ijika kunye nezinto eziphakathi kwezinto.
Ezi mfuno zinokufezekiswa:
- Faka ikona nge-sharbacping bru;
- Ukuhamba kwehla ihlanjwa kwinto ekhawulezileyo kwaye uqhawule ukuba olu nxibelelwano lunezikhonkwane kunye nezibiyeli.
Ukusebenzisa ikona, ngemivalo yokuxhasa i-strke, iirafti zilungiselelwe eMauerlate. Inqaku ngokwalo lifanele liye lamisa ecaleni komgca welayini ngenxa yebha eqingqiweyo malunga ne-1 m. Ikwamisiwe kumacala ekona yentsimbi ukunqanda utshintsho.
Indlela yesibini xa kufakwe kusoyikeka kakhulu. Kule meko, ukulungiswa kwezikhonkwane kwenziwa kwicala, kwi-engile, ukuwela ngaphakathi kwiMauert, isikhonkwane sesithathu kufuneka sifumane amanqaku. Ke ijika iqhina elinzima elinzima xa lilungiswa.
Kuzo zombini iimenzi, unxibelelwano luyenziwa lolunye ukuphakanyiswa kwezinto ezinodonga usebenzisa ucingo okanye ii-ankile koku.
Kwelinye ilahlelo lophahla lweereyithi zophahla zivunwa usebenzisa itemplate, oko kukuthi, ubungakanani obufanayo.
Ukufaka isiqalo esityibilikayo
Ikhowudi yokutsala yenziwa yi-trtener kunye nokuba kungenzeka ukuba kutshintshe enye into. Kule meko, into enjalo iya kufezekiswa kwiMauerlat. Yenza iirafre kwi-maeerit kunye nokubakho kokuhamba ngeendlela ezinjalo:
Indlela eyahlanjwa ngayo kwaye ifaka into yokrokra kwaye ihlanjwe neMauerlate:
- ukuvelisa uqhagamshelo usebenzisa izikhonkwane ezi-2 kumacala esiphene ukuze bakwazi ukuhlangana;
- ukwenza unxibelelwano nesikhonkwane esinye, esivaliweyo kwindawo ephezulu kuzo zonke iirafti naseMauerlat;
- Itshintshwe iplate ye-nails enemingxunya;
- Ukufaka isicelo, qinisa iirafti kunye neMauerlat;
- I-rafters iphumelele ngaphaya kodonga kwaye ilungisiwe kuphela ngeepleyiti.
I-computer yenziwa kusetyenziswa izithuthi ezikhethekileyo.
Indlela nganye ivumela izinto ezikrwada ukuba zishukunyiswe kunye.