Xa isixhobo, i-rafter ye-attic kufuneka ibe nebala zonke iimfuno zetekhnoloji ukuze ubume obuxhasayo bungakwazi ukuyiphumeza ngokupheleleyo imisebenzi eyabelwe yona. Iifama kunye nezinye izinto ezinxulumene nazo kufuneka zibekwe phezulu ukuze uyilo olugqityiweyo lunokumelana nomoya kunye nemithwalo yekhephu yendawo ethile. Onke la maxesha ukongeza kwinkqubo yokubala. Kwiminqweno, ufakelo lophawu lwe-atter ye-attic inokwenziwa ngokuzimeleyo, ukugcina imali kwiinkonzo zomsebenzi wesithathu.
Iirafti zeskimu.
Ulwazi olusisiseko malunga neRaffalfal
I-Mazanard ligumbi phantsi kophahla, ibekwe kumgangatho we-attic. Ukwamkelwa okunjalo kukuvumela ukuba ucwangcise ukukhula kweendawo ezisetyenzisiweyo ngaphandle kweendleko ezibalulekileyo zezinto. Kwi-attic kuya kuba nakho ukuba ungaphili kubi kunalo naliphi na elinye igumbi. Kodwa koku kufuneka kuxhotyiswe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye, ngakumbi, ukufaka uluhlu olufanelekileyo kolunye uphahla.
Inkqubo ye-SILE yophahla lwe-attic.
Ngaphambi kokufaka iirafti ze-attic, kufuneka ukhethe uhlobo loyilo olufanelekileyo. Iirwele zingxamisekile kwaye zixhonywe.
I-Slot Rafters yophahla lwe-attic ifakwe kakuhle kwizakhiwo ezinodonga oluphathwayo. Ukuseta ukutyhoboza kweereyitha zophahla lwe-attic, kuyimfuneko ukuba iindonga ezi-2 zibekwe kumgama ongaphezulu kwe-7 m omnye komnye.
Ukuba akukho donga lwangaphakathi, ekuphela kwendlela enokubakho ixhonywe iirawters zophahla lwe-attic. Uyilo oluqhelekileyo lubandakanya ububanzi kunye nebhanti esezantsi- qinisa. UMaryLatlet usetyenziswa njengendawo yesalathiso. Ucingo kunye neebakaki zisetyenziselwa ukuqinisa i-rafter. Ufakelo lwenziwa ngokuqwalaselwa okunyanzelekileyo kwenqanaba lomthwalo oqikelelweyo.
Iimpawu zokuphakanyiswa kwenkqubo yeRAFT
Ufakelo lwenkqubo yophahla lwerhafu.
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukufaka i-rafquer kuphahla lwe-attic, lungisa yonke into oyifunayo ngexesha lomsebenzi:
- IBhodi engafunekiyo.
- Imivalo yomthi.
- Izixhobo zokuHlawula ubushushu.
- Izipikili.
- I-wire ye-innere ene-diameter ye-3-4 mm.
- Amawele.
- Ububanzi be-15 cm ububanzi kunye ne-4-5 cm ubukhulu.
- I-Insultion i-Insul.
Inqaku lesihloko: Unxibelelwano lomgangatho ofudumeleyo: Umzobo we-Ram yomlawuli oshushu, ividiyo kunye nombane ngezandla zabo, i-infrared ichanekile
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeenkqubo zophahla lophahla lweMansard, ezizezi:
- Unxantathu.
- I-Asymmetric.
- Ulungelelwaniso.
- Eyaphukileyo.
Esona sizathu sibalulekileyo soyilo kukubalwa kwee-engile zotyekelo lophahla lophahla. Xa usenza eli nqanaba, ezi mpawu zilandelayo kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo:
- Iimeko zemozulu zommandla.
- Inkangeleko kunye neempawu zezixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa kunye nokugqiba.
- Ukukhetha ubuso bomnini ndlu.
Iindawo ezikhulayo zenkqubo yenkqubo yeRAFT.
Inkulu i-angle yotyekelo lophahla lophahla, amancinci apho aya kubakho indawo yasimahla kwigumbi le-Attic. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-angle incinci kakhulu, inkqubo yophahla iya kuba nzima ngakumbi ukucoca ububanzi nokungcoliseka. Emva kwethuba, oku kuya kukhokelela ekuncipheni kokunyaniseka kwenkqubo. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha izinto eziphakamileyo zophahla kwiimeko ezikhoyo.
Ukufakelwa kophawu lophahla lwe-attic luqinisekisa amandla kunye nokuzinza kophahla. Xa usenza lo msebenzi, kufuneka uthobele inani lemithetho. Okokuqala, uyilo lwakhiwe kwi-Woodn Beams enecandelo le-100x100 mm okanye i-150x150 mm. Okwesibini, le nkqubo ithobekile ngenyameko. Ihlala i-rubberoids okanye isetyenziswe kuphela njengokuphuma kwamanzi.
Uyilo lwesakhelo lubekwa kwisiseko sokuqiniswa kwekhonkrithi. I-wire kunye neebakethi zensimbi zisetyenziselwa ukunamathisela i-node yothutho. Ihlala isebenza rhoqo-i-spike-grooves. Kubalulekile ukuba iinkuni ezisetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa kolwakhiwo zazingenanto ingaphezulu kwe-15% suidity. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, ukhetho kufuneka lunikezwe luhlobo lwamatye.
Qiniseka ukuba wenze i-submorher yomhlaba. Ibargy inqatshelwe ngokungqongqo ukuyisebenzisa. Ngenxa yabo, inkqubo yonke yokucoca inokuwa nje. Ke ngoko, ngaphambi kokufaka, imivalo mayime. Ukongeza, iinkuni zifakwe kunye ne-antiseptic kwaye i-anti-i-anti.
Ukwenza uphawu lofakelo lwenkxaso, ukubala inyathelo lokufaka ukuze zonke iirafter zifakwe ngokuthe nkqo kwindiza enye. Jonga i-verication yokufakelwa kuya kukunceda nomhlobo wakhe kuye nawuphi na umakhi obizwa ngokuba yiplub.
Ukulungisa iinxalenye zezona zinokuthenjwa, sebenzisa i-offset okanye yolula. Iiracks ezithe nkqo ukuya kwizinto ezifanelekileyo. Uninzi lwezigqubuthelo ezinamacala amabini kunye ne-plywood kunye nezowo. Phakathi kwamashiti omhlaba kufuneka abekwe i-interserfardial.
Inqaku lesihloko: Izinto ezihleliweyo kumhlobiso wendlu yangaphakathi
Imiyalelo yenyathelo lenyathelo lokufumana iirafti
Ukomeleza iskimu se-rafmed kunye ne-subroof eyongezelelweyo.
Inkqubo yokunyusa inkqubo yokulinganisa yophahla lwe-attic iqala ngokubekwa kwebar ephezulu. Ukukhusela, ungasebenzisa izikhonkwane, isikhafu kunye nezibiyeli zensimbi. I-bruces isetyenziswa licandelo lomnqamlezo we-150x150 okanye i-100x100 mm.
Emva koko, ufakelo lwe-mauerlat lwenziwa. Kuyimfuneko, okokuqala, ukuze uphahla lungazibhuqa ngefuthe elinamandla. MauERT kufuneka yenziwe kwaye abekeke ngendlela yokumelana nemithwalo efika eluphahleni lweNdlu kwaye ezindongeni zayo. Ngokuthe ngqo iMaueert idaliwe kwi-rusevv. Kungcono ukusebenzisa imivalo eyi-100x150 mm. Unokusebenzisa iibhodi kunye nobungqingqwa be-50 mm.
Izinto ezikhethiweyo kufuneka zibekwe ngokuthe tye, emva kokubala ubungakanani bomphezulu weendonga. Phantsi kwebha nganye okanye ibhodi nganye, izinto zokwenza amanzi zixhonywe, eziya kukhusela izinto zeMaurolati ukusuka kwiziphumo ezinobungozi bokufuma.
Ekugqibeleni, imilenze ebhaliweyo ifakwe. Ezi zinto zoyilo zinokuthengwa kwifom egqityiweyo okanye zenze ngokwakho. Okokuqala, inyathelo leenyawo zomatshini libaliwe, emva koko uphawu lwenziwe kwiMauerlat. Ukwenza oku, kuya kufuneka ubeke amanqaku kwigusha kunye neMariryLat. Iingcali ziyacetyiswa kubudlelane beentaba kwinyathelo le-1-1.2 m. Beka iirafti ezigqithisileyo ngaphambili. Kubalulekile ukuba umgca womphetho wedwa kwaye umphezulu wemilenze ayekwinqanaba elifanayo.
Iirwele zenziwe kwimivalo okanye kwiibhodi. Kubalulekile ukuba iibhodi zithe tye.
Ukusuka ekusebenziseni izinto ezikwi-bitch kungcono ukunqanda, inani elipheleleyo elivumelekileyo le-bitch - iziqwenga ezi-3 nganye.
Iindidi zolwakhiwo lwe-raftter.
Okulandelayo, kuya kufuneka uthathe i-tewane kwaye uyitsale phakathi kweentshaba ezigqithisileyo. Kule meko, iyakwenza imisebenzi yenqanaba lokungafaki kokuphumla kokuphumla. Ukuqukumbela, kuyakufuneka uqalise ukudibanisa iindawo ezingaphezulu ze-rafted kunye kwaye ufake umngxunya weskati. Iya kufuneka ukuba uphahla lungaphezulu kwe-7 m ubude, kunye nesakhelo sokreqo sendlela ubunzima obuninzi.
Inqaku ngesihloko: Ungahlula njani indlu yezitena ngaphakathi: Iimbono zoyilo
Ukuba uphahla lunobungakanani obuncinci, kuya kwanela ukudibanisa imilenze kunye nokusolula. Ngokukhawuleza wolula ungasebenzisa kwixesha elizayo njengezindlu zophahla ze-attic. Ngomoya onamandla kunye nekhephu, ezi zinto ziya kuthatha inxaxheba kumthwalo.
Ukuqukumbela, isibane sifakiwe, i-inshun yokufakelwa kunye nezinto zokufakwa kwe-intermal zifakwe, uphahla lwanelisekile, iindonga kunye nophahla lwegumbi lokuhlala zipholile.
Ukuba kukho iifestile eluphahleni lwe-attic, umsebenzi wenziwa ngokulandelelana, kodwa kwigumbi lokufakelwa, ukuvulwa kwefestile kubekwa, kuya kufakwa khona iifreyimu zefestile. Ungalibali ukuba i-attic ifanele ibe nobungakanani obuyi-3x2.2 m. Ngaphandle koko, ukuhlala kwigumbi elinjalo kuya kuba nzima kakhulu.
Uphahla lwe-attic, lwenziwe ngokuhambelana nayo yonke le mithetho, iya kuba ngumhombiso obalaseleyo wayo nayiphi na ikhaya kwaye iya kusebenza njengeminyaka elishumi elinambini. Hlawula ingqalelo efanelekileyo kwisixhobo senkqubo ye-raftter kwaye uza kulo msebenzi unoxanduva olupheleleyo. Awuyi konga imali, kodwa uya kulawula inqanaba ngalinye lomsebenzi, oluya kukuvumela ukuba uzithembe ngokupheleleyo njengobulawa lwalo. Umnqweno omhle!