Uma siqhathanisa ukufudumala kwamanzi ngama-heater ajwayelekile kanye nokuzivikela, khona-ke indawo efudumele inesibalo esinenzuzo esisezingeni eliphakeme - lolu uhlelo oluthembekile noluqinisekisiwe lokushisa. Wayaziwa eRoma lasendulo, kwathi eCrimea, esitezi esinjalo sasithandwa ngekhulu le-XV njengesitezi esifudumele kumabhavu we-Crimean Khanate. Kepha lokhu kube lula sekukhohliwe amakhulu eminyaka. Futhi kuphela namuhla, ukufudumeza okunjalo sekudumile futhi.
Lapho kufunwa khona amanzi afudumele afuna ukuzenzela wena
Okokuqala, sizothola ukuthi, okuyisisekelo samanzi - kungaba nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene - phansi kwamanzi kagesi, okujwayelekile (Boiler kanye namapayipi). Zisetshenziswa kuphi izitezi ezifudumele zamanzi ezinsukwini zethu futhi zini?
Iphansi lamanzi afudumele lifakwa esisekelweni esizinzile nesihlala isikhathi eside, esingaba yikhonkolo noma inhlabathi
Izitezi ezinjalo zifunwa ikakhulukazi lapho kushisa:
- Izindlu zangasese;
- Izindlu;
- Amachibi;
- Sauna;
- Ukufudumeza phansi emafulethini esitezi sokuqala;
- Izitolo;
- Amahhotela;
- Izikhungo zezemidlalo;
- Shayela;
- Ama-ramp;
- Futhi esetshenziswe ohlelweni lweSynthetia ngesikhathi sakhiwa i-runway ezindabeni zezindiza.
Lezi zinhlelo ezi-2 zingaxhunyaniswa kuzo zombili izinqubo zokushisa ukushisa ezizimele kanye nohlelo oluyizinkampani oluyizinkampani. Inketho kagesi ine-coolont - amanzi ashisayo, adlula emapayipi ngaphansi kwephansi, afudusele wonke amapayipi, ngento yokushisa enamathiselwe ku-pigy kagesi.
Uhlelo oluhle, kepha luyinkimbinkimbi ekusebenzeni nasekufakweni kwalo, kunzima ukuthola imvume, ikakhulukazi uma kuza ezifundeni esitezi sokuqala.
Imvamisa, zombili ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwendlu noma efulethini nangesikhathi sokulungisa noma ukwakha kabusha indawo yokuhlala, sebenzisa uhlelo lwesibili olulula futhi oluqondakalayo. Uhlelo olujwayelekile noma lwakudala, lufanekiselani? Le yi-gasket yamapayipi adlula ngaphansi phansi lapho amanzi ashisayo asetshenziswa khona njenge-coolant. Amanzi, adlula amapayipi, apholile, ngaleyo ndlela elenga egumbini. Amanzi abuyela ku-boiler (igesi noma kagesi), afudumele futhi angena kumapayipi ngaphansi phansi.
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Ukufakwa kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zokufudumeza kwamanzi
Uhlelo lwakudala lukhona emhlabeni jikelele. Ukufakwa kungenziwa ngezandla zakho, zombili ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwekamelo nangesikhathi sokulungiswa. Uhlelo lwakudala luhle kakhulu lapho usakha kabusha izindlu ezindala nezinhlelo zokushisa. Kusekhona uhlobo lwemodemu noma lwembatho. Uhlelo lubekwe ezilaneni zokhuni, futhi ukufakwa okushisayo kubekwa phakathi kwama-lags.
Isitezi esifudumele singahlelwa ngamapayipi, ageleza okupholile (imvamisa amanzi) noma adalwe ngesisekelo sezintambo zikagesi.
Amapayipi kufanele abe:
- Kusuka epulasitiki yensimbi;
- Polyethylene;
- Ithusi.
Lawa mapayipi alungile futhi alungele ukubeka iqiniso lokuthi awaphansi kokugqwala futhi ngenxa yalokho ububanzi bephayiphu ngesikhathi sokusebenza akushintshi. Kunezinhlobo ezi-2 zokufakelwa okushisayo - ukuhlanganiswa kokhonkolo kanye ne-polystyrere coating.
Ukuhlanganiswa kokhonkolo, yilapho amapayipi egcwele ukhonkolo noma usimende - indlela elula futhi ethandwa kakhulu.
I-Polystyrere Reating iyi-coating yi-polystyrere slab enama-resesses lapho kufakwa khona amapuleti ensimbi namapayipi okushisa epulasitiki. Lawo mapuleti anobukhulu obungu-12 kuye kwangama-30 mm.
Isikimu sokubekwa kahle kwamanzi afudumele
Kunomthetho owodwa, kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokubeka amapayipi - ukufakwa kwamapayipi kumele kuqalwe ezindongeni bese uqhubekela enkabeni yegumbi, bese uhola ipayipi endaweni ephuma egumbini. Ukubekwa kwamapayipi okushisa kubaluleke kakhulu ekusindisweni kokushisa.
Inzuzo yenyoka yindlela elula yokulala. Ipayipi liya ngokuhamba ngokungaguquki yi-zigzag kusuka odongeni olulodwa kuya kokuphambene
Schemes Scy:
- Inyoka;
- Umnenke;
- Ukufakwa okuhlanganisiwe.
Kuyadingeka ukubheka zonke izinhlelo zokufaka ukushisa ezi-3. Inyoka - Amapayipi azungeza umngcele wegumbi eduze nezindonga, bese usuka kwesinye sezindonga (lokhu kungenzeka ukuthi odonga lwangaphakathi, olufudumele) libuyisa i-wave emuva.
Lolu hlelo lusebenza kahle ezindaweni ezincane.
Umnenke - amapayipi aphinda uzungeyeli wekamelo futhi umbuthano ngamunye unqamula, usondela enkabeni. Ikakhulu, lolu hlelo luzofaka isicelo samakamelo ngezindonga zangaphandle ezi-2 (igumbi le-angular) noma igumbi elitholakala ohlangothini olusenyakatho noma empumalanga. Isikimu esihlanganisiwe sihlanganisa uhlelo lokuqala nolwesibili. Kepha kunoma yikuphi, kuyadingeka ukwenza umdwebo onemininingwane wokuhlelwa kwamapayipi egumbini.
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Isistimu kanye nezigaba zokubeka phansi kwamanzi afudumele
Ubuchwepheshe ngaphansi kwethayi ekhonkolo yilula. Into yokuqala okudingeka uyenze ukuhlanza phansi kusuka kwa-Old Flooring, ulimende konke ukuqhekeka nemigodi.
Noma yimuphi umsebenzi uqala ngokulungiswa kwecebo nendawo yokusebenza nokulungiselela.
Uhlelo lokufaka oluseceleni lwamanzi:
- Ukuhlanza nokuvumelanisa ukuqina;
- Ukuvimbela amanzi;
- Idivaysi yokufakwa komkhawulo okuzungeze umngcele wekamelo;
- Ukufakwa okushisayo;
- Ukuqiniswa;
- Ukufakwa kwamapayipi okushisa;
- Ukunamathisela amapayipi okushisa ku-boiler;
- Hlola;
- Ukugcwalisa phansi ngokhonkolo noma ngokosimende;
- Phula - inyanga eyi-1;
- Idivaysi yomsindo;
- Ukuhlobisa ngocansi okuhlobisa.
Kuyadingeka futhi ukubheka izinga laphansi uma umehluko ufinyelela ku-1 cm, awukwazi ukunaka, kepha uma umehluko ungaphezu kuka-2 cm, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukuvumelanisa phansi ngesihlahla sekholi, futhi ukunikeza ubuncane bamaviki ama-2 ebusweni ukuze bome. Okulandelayo, kuyadingeka ukwenza amanzi amanzi phansi uma kwenzeka ukuvuza kwamanzi ashisayo kusuka kumapayipi.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuyadingeka ukubeka ifilimu le-polyethylene ngalo lonke ingaphezulu phansi bese lifaka i-scotch.
Empheni wekamelo, yenza ukufakwa komngcwabo ngeribhoni elingamakhambi kuya ekuphakameni kwesitezi okuhlosiwe. Ukufakelwa okushisayo kuyisinyathelo esilandelayo sezenzo. Ukufakwa kufanele kudonswe kulo lonke igumbi, ubukhulu bokufakwa okuncane bumayelana no-2-5 cm. Okulandelayo, ukuqiniswa kufanele kwenziwe phezu kwalo lonke igumbi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga igridi esetshenzisiwe yokuqinisa ngamaseli 16-21 cm. Kuzo le gridi namapayipi okushisa azonamathiselwa, ngoba agobile ngokuphelele. I-wiring yepayipi inamathiselwe kusetshenziswa izintambo zepulasitiki ezikhethekile noma iziqeshana (i-TRAC).
Amathuluzi wokufaka phansi amanzi afudumele amanzi ngezandla zawo
Okokuqala cabanga ngobuchwepheshe bokufakwa kwamapayipi, uma kungekho okunye ukufudumala. Ungayenza kanjani phansi phansi ngokushisa, futhi yiziphi izinto zokwakha ezidingakalayo lapho zisebenza?
Ukubeka phansi kwamanzi afudumele, awudingi amathuluzi amaningi.
Amathuluzi adingekayo ukufakwa:
- Amandla kasimende kasimende;
- Ama-spatulas ambalwa wensimbi;
- Isikulufa;
- Ummese;
- Imichilo ekhethekile yepulasitiki - iloli;
- Iziqeshana zepulasitiki ezikhethekile zamapayipi okuqinisa;
- Itheyiphu ekhethekile yefilimu elingavunyelwe manzi;
- Izinga (likhulu).
Sibeka phansi phansi amanzi afudumele ngaphansi kokhonkolo ukhonkolo uma kwenzeka lokhu kungumthombo owodwa wokushisa egumbini. Lapho ubeka amapayipi epulasitiki wepulasitiki wokushisa kugridi yokuqinisa, kuyadingeka ukuwabeka ekukhuphukeni kwe-15 - 20 cm.
Uma phansi okufudumele egumbini kungukuthi umthombo owengeziwe wokushisa, khona-ke isinyathelo sokubeka umgodi sikhuphuka sibe ngu-30 cm.
Bopha amapayipi kugridi ngama-clip, kanti intaba kufanele ifinyelele ku-1 m, noma lapho ijika. Ungafaka ipayipi lensimbi-lepulasitiki kugridi usebenzisa ama-slats akhethekile wokuhlela (iloli) noma izintambo ezikhethekile zepulasitiki. Kepha, eqinisweni, ungafunda ngokuqiniseka kwamapayipi okushisa kwigridi yensimbi kusuka kochwepheshe noma abathengisi ezitolo ezikhethekile.
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Phansi okufudumele kumongo ekudwebeni
Isitezi esifudumele kumongo siyadingeka ukuze ujwayele ukujwayelana nedivayisi nedizayini. Kule midwebo, ipuleti yophahla, ukuhlasela amanzi, ukufakwa emanzini okujikelezayo eduze kwegumbi elijikelezayo, ukufakwa kwensimbi, amapayipi epulasitiki aqinisiwe, amapayipi okushisa wensimbi, ukufakwa komhloli okuhlosiwe.
Ngokuya ngomdwebo oncishisiwe, ukushuba okuphelele kwesitezi kusuka ku-slab skerlap kuya emugqeni "wokuqeda" kungu-120 mm
Uma ukubekwa kwamapayipi kuya ekuqinisweni, khona-ke amapayipi aqiniswa ngqo esisekelweni sephansi. Lapha kudingekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ubude be-contour eyodwa bungacishe ibe ngu-70-80 m. Ukubalwa okulinganiselwa ku-10 m2 yendawo kuthatha amapayipi okushisa angama-67.
Ngemuva kokufaka amapayipi, anamathiselwe kusetshenziswa abaqoqi ku-boiler. Ngemuva kwalokho kufudunyezwa kusuka ku-electrotel, bese uhlola lonke uhlelo amahora amaningi. Uma izivivinyo sezidlulile ngempumelelo, udinga ukucima bese ushiya uhlelo ukuze lipholile. Okulandelayo, ungaqala ukugcwalisa phansi ngo-usimende ukhonkolo noma usimende, futhi kuphela ngemuva kwenyanga eyi-screed elungile. Akunakwenzeka ukuyomisa - ukhonkolo uzokwazi ukungakhathazeki. Ngemuva kwalokho, ungabeka ungqimba we-soundprofer futhi ugcwalise okunye phansi okuhlobisa - i-laminate ekhethekile yama-laminate, i-ceramic tile, i-porcelain wini.
Yini indawo efudumele yamanzi (ividiyo)
Isendlalelo samanzi esishisayo yindlela enhle kakhulu yokushisa okuphakathi, ngoba izakhamizi ezifudumele phansi azidingi ukuba zilinde ukufudumeza esakhiweni esiphakeme. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga kuphela ukuvula i-boiler bese uvula i-valve - bese efulethini selivele lifudumele.