Isichazamazwi samagama azo zonke izinto ze-facade ezisetshenziswa abakhi bezakhiwo, kunamagama ambalwa ayizinkulungwane. Badale ama-gothic Cathedrals, izigodlo zakudala, amasonto anamahholo ayindilinga e-baroque nezindlu ze-bonelity ngesitayela seRocoCo. Ama-facade kanye nengaphakathi elihlotshiswe ngokucebile. Bhala izinto zasendulo zokwakha i-facade, amagama ahlanganiswe kuwo avela emazweni ahlukene nezilimi, akunakwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, sizogxila ekusetshenzisweni okuyinhloko ekwakhiweni kwesimanje, nokuthi ungabagcizelela kanjani.
Imininingwane yokuhlobisa ye-facade
ESydney, e-Australia, njalo ngonyaka umkhosi wokukhanya kwenzeka njalo ngonyaka. Ukukhanyiswa kwezakhiwo zezakhiwo zezakhiwo kanye nama-garlands nje wezibani ezinemibala eminingi kumakholomu nakuma-arches njalo ebusuku ukuhlobisa idolobha. I-Opera House ePeninsula kanye neBridge Harbour Makoti yathola ukubukeka okusha njalo kusihlwa. Ama-facade asebenzisa ama-spotlights akha umhlaba omuhle. Amanye amadolobha aseYurophu amukelwa yilesi siko.
-Delile:
- Ukukhanya kwezakhiwo zama-facades angokomlando nemuhla, izinhlobo nezindawo zokufakwa.
- Izinhlobo zamalambu wezakhiwo.
- Izinto eziphambili ziqokonyiswa ku-facade.
- Ukungena kanye nezinto zokuhlobisa kwayo.
- Izinto zokwakha edongeni.
- IWindows njengengxenye yesitayela esivamile se-facade.
- Izinto eziphambili zokwakha zenzelwe ukukhanya kwemini.
Ukukhanya kwezakhiwo zama-facades angokomlando nemuhla, izinhlobo namasayithi wokufaka
Ukukhanya kobuciko bezakhiwo kuvame ukugcizelela ama-facade ezakhiwo
Ebumnyameni, ukumbozwa kwensimu yemigwaqo, izigcawu, izingxenye zezindlu ziyadingeka. Ukukhanya kwezakhiwo ze-facades yezakhiwo kuxazulula lo msebenzi, ngasikhathi sinye kukhanyisela izindonga zangaphandle, ukugcizelela izinto ngazinye. Ngosizo lwemisebe eqondile, ungaqokomisa izindawo ezikhangayo ku-facade bese ufihla abangazifihli. Ukukhanyiswa okwenziwe kahle kuzohlobisa noma yisiphi isakhiwo.
Ukusuka eziLanten, kukhanyise imigwaqo nemigwaqo ebumnyameni, izindawo zokwakha zezakhiwo zihlukaniswa ngemisebe eqondayo. Kungaba khona okukodwa, okubili, okungaphansi kwesine. Izibani zitholakala:
- ezindongeni;
- ngaphansi kwama-cornices;
- Eceleni kwesisekelo;
- Ngaphansi kwezimbobo ze-arches;
- kumakholomu;
- Ogatsheni ozungeze umngcele wesakhiwo.
Ukuhlelwa kwemishini yokukhanyisa kanye nokuqondiswa kwemisebe kuvame ukuba abaqambi. Baqokomisa izinto ezithakazelisa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwendlu. Izindawo ezihlolayo zicashe emthunzini. Ukubonakala kwesakhiwo kuyashintsha ngokuphelele. Isinqumo sokukhanyisa nesinqumo sombala kwenza isakhiwo esijwayelekile sezimboni.
Isigaba: Amakhethini alungiselelwe egumbini lokuphumula: ama-Pros ne-Cons
Izinhlobo zamalambu wezakhiwo
Ngokukhanyisa kwezakhiwo, kusetshenziswa izibani ezikhethekile, zibonakala ngomnotho kanye nomsebenzi omude:- Ama-ribbons aholwa;
- Ama-searchlights;
- Amamojula we-LED;
- Amalambu emigwaqo;
- Isitezi esiphindaphindayo kanye nama-searchlights ase-lawn;
- Amalambu aholele ngombala oguqukayo.
Ukwakha ukukhanya kwezakhiwo, kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamalambu. Ama-SpotLights abiwa izakhi eziphambili ze-facade. Amathepi we-LED agcizelela imigqa eyinhloko, efana nama-arches, ama-eveves, ukubumba. Amamojula we-LED aqokomisa izindiza zokwakha ezibalulekile ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo: ama-balconies, izitofu, imikhakha yophahla.
Izinto eziphambili ziqokonyiswa ku-facade
Izakhi zezakhiwo ze-facade
Imisebe yama-spotlights ifakwe ku-Lawn nakwizinsika ivame ukuthunyelwa ezintweni zokuhlobisa ze-facade:
- izisekelo;
- Itshe lenqaba;
- Ikholomu ye-capel;
- Umnyango uThimpan;
- i-arch;
- Pilenka nephethini - i-stucco;
- I-Balustrade Balcony kanye nompheme;
- Umdwebo Cornice.
Amagama ezinto asuswa ngokwengxenye kusuka kulwazimagama lwabakhi bezakhiwo. Isokisi lisho umhlobiso we-tucco ngesiyingi, evame kakhulu okufana nembali. Etholakala ngenhla komnyango wokufaka noma kuvulandi. Ngaphansi kaningi ngaphansi kophahla.
Iphethini ihlukaniswa ngesimo sokuphikisana. I-Stucco imelela ucezu lwephethini yesitshalo, eboshwe esikhaleni samahhala sodonga, ngokulingana i-axis ye-facade. Imvamisa ifakwa ngohlaka lwephaneli yokwakheka okuphikisana nonxantathu.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokuhlobisa zama-facade
UTimpan ngenhla komnyango - i-oval arch, emele ukuqhubeka komnyango. Ngokwesiko okuhlotshiswe nge-mosaic noma i-stucco. Inketho yesabelomali imele ingilazi yewindi kufreyimu yesibalo.
Ithebula liqukethe izinto eziphambili zangaphambili ezisetshenziswe esikhathini sethu, nezindawo zazo:
| Igama Lezakhiwo Zokwakha | Ukufanisa | Indawo eyisisekelo ku-facade |
| Itshe Lenqaba | Itshe eliphakathi le-conical stake ngaphezulu kwewindi nomnyango ngengxenye ephezulu engenhla | Ama-Windows ared, iminyango, iminyango, ama-arches, maphakathi esiteji esikhungweni phezulu |
| ubulingisi | kuphuma | Izindonga eceleni komugqa wesahluko nesisekelo esiphansi ngezansi ophahleni |
| inkolo | Ishelufu ngaphansi kwamawindi noma uphahla | Ukuhlobisa i-Outer Windofill, ukukhishwa kokubumba ngezansi komugqa wophahla |
| isitayela | I-arch-eyindilinga ezungeze umnyango noma ngewindi, imvamisa icwebezele noma ngaphezulu kwenziwa ngemihlobiso yeStucco | Ngaphezulu komnyango newindi, kuvame kakhulu ngaphezulu kwengxenye yamakholonisi odongeni |
| I-Kapitel | Ingxenye ephezulu yekholomu ehlotshiswe ngeStucco | kumakholomu kanye nama-colonels ahafu ngaphansi kophahla |
| igobela | ukuvula odongeni ngaphandle komnyango noma amakholomu axhumekile | Ukungena, ukuguquka kusuka emakamelweni, phakathi kwezakhiwo |
| Indiza | I-Slim Protorion, iphethini yokufafaza, igqanyiswe ngombala | ezindongeni |
| I-Balustrade | Amakholomu we-Figumu asekela ukujaha | I-Balcony, ephepheni, ithala, izitebhisi |
| abakaki | Umdwebo Usekela ama-Window Sill nama-Iaves | Ngezansi kwamawindi, ama-balconies |
| inkotho | Umhlobiso Wokubumba Wezimbali, Round, Gypsum Emhlophe | ngaphezulu kweWindows, okokufaka, ama-arches kanye nasendaweni yamahhala yezindonga |
Isihloko ngesihloko: Ungashintsha kanjani phansi: Imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo sokwenza umsebenzi
I-canopy egobile ngaphezulu kompheme ibukeka njenge-arch. Kungaba ukuguqulwa phakathi kokufakwa okufakwayo nge-arch emise-semicircular. Imvamisa kwenziwa ngama-RICS avelelayo futhi ahlobise izigcawu zezisekelo ze-WPADIN. Indlu ithola ukubukeka okungaqondakali lapho i-arch igqanyiswa ngezinto zayo ze-tucco futhi zimane zibumba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imichilo yamalambu aholwayo, egcizelela uhlobo lwe-arch.
Ukungena kanye nezinto zokuhlobisa kwayo
Umhlobiso we-Architectural facade
Ukungena okuyinhloko esakhiweni sekuyisikhathi eside kubizwa ngokuthi yi-parade futhi kwakhiwa ngokufanele. Izici zalo zifaka:
- izinyathelo;
- i-match;
- I-Balustrade;
- amakholomu nama-semi-columns;
- i-canopy;
- Umnyango kanye namapulangwe.
Umpheme ungakhawulelwa endawenikazi encane phambi komnyango noma ushintshele ethafeni. I-Balustrade enohlangothi ikhawulela umphetho wezinyathelo kanye nompheme, iza odongeni. Ngasikhathi sinye, uvikela abantu ekuweni. Phambilini, kwatholakala amakholomu aqoshiwe aqoshiwe avela kudaka, ngokhuni. Manje zithathelwa indawo yinsimbi. Uthango lungaba yingilazi ngama-rack ancanyana angabonakali. Konke kuya ngesitayela sezakhiwo sendlu.
Izakhi ze-facade zesakhiwo
Ukwakha uhlobo lwesakhiwo olunethezekile lwesakhiwo, kwanele ukukhanyisa ukubukeka kwezibuko ze-balustrade emhlophe. Izinyathelo nenkundla yokudlala yompheme weMarble kugcizelela ukunambitheka okumnandi kwabanikazi nokuchuma.
Umnyango, ngisho nesango legalaji, nezinto zokwakha. Zixhumeke ngokungalingani nendlela ekhaya futhi kufanele zihambisane nokuqondisa kwe-facade. Izingcingo zeminyango yomnyango zingenziwa ngendlela ye-semi-coloum nge-Pilasters kanokusho - imihlobiso yokuhlobisa phezulu. Azikanqunywa etsheni isikhathi eside. Ngokuhlobisa i-facade yesimanje, benza ngezinto ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi i-polystyrere foam ngepende ehlanganiswe ku-tutty.
IWindows njengengxenye yesitayela esivamile se-facade
Izakhi zezakhiwo ze-facade yendlu
Amafasitela adonswa ngesitayela sendlu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izinto eziningi ezizungeze ukuvulwa:
- ubakaki;
- Ifasilly;
- amapulangwe;
- phezulu phezulu kokuvulwa noma i-humusna;
- Ukufaka uhlaka olunemishini emincane nokubumba.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kwama-heater e-infrared
I-bracket igama lokuhlobisa into yokuhlobisa lapho iwila lewindows yangaphandle. Kungaba ngesimo sezingcezwana ezimbili ezincane kanye ne-slab enkulu enokusekelwa okuningana kwe-angular. Lapho ama-erkers e-erkers ewusekela lapho kuvulwa khona ukuvulwa. Isebenza njengokusekelwa kwama-racks mpo - amapulangwe.
Ingxenye engenhla yewindi iphela nge-cornice. Ngenye indlela, kungatholwa, ngesimo sesigamu. I-Glazed Tympan idalwe ngesikhathi sodonga Masonry. I-semicircular yaphezulu ithwebule itshe lenqaba. Lo mklamo wasuka ematsheni avela ngamatshe anophahla omisiwe. Lapho imishayo yensimbi ibingasetshenziswanga ukugqagqana. Abakakwenzi. Ukuvuleka komnyango nokuvulwa kwefasitela kwathatha isimo se-arch. Ngaphakathi kwalapho kwakukhona itshe elinengqondo. Usabalalise ubulukhuni bezindonga ema-racks. Ngenxa yalokhu futhi waba negama lawo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, waqala ukuhlobisa intambo. Manje ungathenga itshe le-Overhead Castle lokuqeda ekhaya futhi uhlobise i-facade ngento yezakhiwo zendabuko.
Izinto eziphambili zokwakha zenzelwe ukukhanya kwemini
Izakhi zezakhiwo ezihlobisa ze-facade yendlu
Izinto zokwakha ezisetshenziselwa i-facade zenzelwe uhlobo lwesakhiwo ngesikhathi sasemini. Amatshe aRula emakhoneni anikeza indlu ebuka kakhulu. Kubukeka sengathi izindonga zithunyelwa emabhuloki amakhulu. Ngaphansi kwetshe elingavinjelwe lihlukanisa isisekelo, senze okuthe mpo ezindongeni.
Kusuka ematsheni ama-masonry aphethwe cishe athole igama lawo igama elithi rustic. Isakhiwo sezakhiwo sihlukaniswa ngokucutshungulwa ngamabomu kwezinto zokwakha, indawo ebekiwe yetshe lasendle. Igama elithi "ukugqwala" lisho ukuqina, emaphandleni. Manje okubonakalayo, ukugcwala okulingisa, kusetshenziselwa ukuklama indlu ngendlela yesakhiwo sakudala noma inqaba. Amaphaneli afakwa ku-facade kanye nezinto zokwakha ezisele ziphakeme kakhulu. Zenzele ezintweni ezingasindi ezingasindile futhi senziwe ngomumo ezitolo.