For a long time, those times passed when everyone was arranged in a private house "Bednaire" on the street. Modern standard of comfortable life even in the country assumes the presence of a normal toilet and, at least, the soul. And in the house there is often not one bathroom, and even in addition, many household appliances. To ensure the required level of comfort, the sewage system for a private house must be made correctly and its basis is the choice of a method for processing wastewater.
Septic and local sewage sewage - what is the difference
Today, you can make autonomous sewers for a private house in three ways:
- Streams come to the accumulative container, from where it is periodically pumped out the assessing machine. The simplest option that does not provide for no processing and cleansing. Cumulative capacity is a waste pit (necessarily hermetic) or plastic container.
How the sewage is working for a private house with a cumulative capacity
- The drains are cleaned in septic - tanks from plastic or concrete (plastered brick). The process occurs at the expense of "work" of anaerobic bacteria that come to septic with waste. Cleansing after septic tanks are not complete (60-70%), water needs to appeal, although after a good septic, it is transparent and often there is no smell. Nevertheless, such water even as technical use cannot be used - it does not pass according to standards. For complete cleaning (up to 90-95%), after septic, one of the filtering devices (Well, ditch, filtering field) are usually put. Here, after such purification, water usually meets the technical criteria.
Septic ticker requires
- Full wastewater purification occurs in local sewage seats (abbreviated LOS). In them, cleansing occurs due to the vital activity of aerobic bacteria (live in the presence of air), therefore permanent aeration is needed. Pumps work constantly, because such a sewage system for a private house is also called an aeration unit (AU). At the output of AU, the drain can immediately be used as technical water. True, it only responds to these criteria after the installation of the installation on the operating mode (when the colony of bacteria will multiply in sufficient quantity). It may be necessary for this may up to 2-3 weeks.
Water after Los can be cast into a wastewater
For ignorance, many are also called those and other septic plants, although these are different solutions that have drains at the output, purified to varying degrees. And although Topp, Poplar, Yunulos, Tver are also called septic, they are autonomous cleansing installations. Actually, traditional septic tanks are a tank, termit, sprout, mole, and many others.
Autonomous stations for waste recycling (autonomous sewage) are often called toilet for home without pumping. It is understood that there is no need to call an assessing machine, but IL IL still need. Just the number of yla is about 10 buckets, you can delete yourself using the built-in installation or fecal pump.
To understand which of the ways to solve - AU or Septic is better, you must first understand what they differ, and then consider the specific situation. Sewerage for a private house can be done correctly without attracting specialists - do it yourself, but for this you need to clearly imagine what and why you need to do. Let's deal with.
Features of Septikov
Septic tanks are several reservoirs-chambers interfluent with overflow pipes. In each of the chambers there is a cleaning phase. Its base is fermentation and decomposition by anaerobic bacteria (can live without oxygen), which are contained in waste. The more cameras in the septic, the greater the cleaning steps, the more clean the water at the exit. But more than 50-60% without additional filtering measures can be obtained very rarely.
There is a device against the float ("skirt" at the bottom)
Septics are produced from plastic, fiberglass, concrete, very rare - stainless steel. Cameras can be implemented in one case, and can be separate. To save funds often build septics with their own hands. Most often - make a septic tank made of concrete rings, but build both bricks or reinforced concrete. Please note that the container must be absolutely hermetic. With independent construction it is very important.
Basic properties
We will deal with the features of the work of septicists. They are:
- At the outlet of the Septic, the drains are cleared by 50-75%. Without additional cleaning, drop them on the relief, in the reservoirs or use for technical needs (irrigation of the lawn, car wash, etc.) is impossible. Therefore, from the release of Septic, the drains are fed to the fields / ditches of filtration, into filtration wells.
- In addition to the availability of waste, the septic for work is required. It is non-volatile, they are not required to settle with bacteria. They are in sufficient quantities in the waste that is entered into the tank. In the septic, they still actively multiply, as the optimal medium is created here.
One of the options septic
- Bacteria living in septic do not need daily feeding. This is the perfect option for temporary accommodation - for cottages or country houses with "ribbon" mode of activity. They will safely continue the vital activity of "without feeding" for a long time.
- With the correct amount of volume, the septic is not terrified by increased volley reset. That is, laughing water and bathroom, you can not worry and tease the toilet, use the cranes, etc.
- The presence of a large number of disinfectants and detergents is not very well affected by bacteria. Since the volume of the chambers is great, it is difficult for them to apply tangible harm. When resetting such active chemistry, some bacteria will die, but most will remain. So one-time powerful receipts of chemistry will not affect the quality of cleaning.
Internal structure
The main disadvantage of this method of cleaning of wastewater from a private house is the need to purge. More funds for the device of additional structures are needed, but without them the sewage will not be correct for a private house. Unlocking seeds can not be discharged. They will quickly fall into the water and return to your and neighbor wells and wells. You will not bring joy and health, and I need to take "thanks" to the neighbors. So we deal with how to clean the drains after the septica.
Where to give Stoki.
Please note that in a septic pair you must have a cooking device. Depending on the soil, this can be a filtration well, filtering ditch or field (underground or bulk). Only in this case, cleaning can be considered complete. Which of the types of filtering elements do - depends on the type of soil and groundwater level. About the method of selection and septica themselves read here.
One of the methods of dotch of the drain after septic - filter field
Local cleaning stations (Los or AU)
Installation of autonomous sewage during normal operation are capable of getting quite clean water. As a drinking or for watering, it is impossible to use it, but as a technical - it is very possible. The basis of purification is the operation of aerobic bacteria (live under the condition of the presence of oxygen). The waste processed by them turn into il, settle on the bottom of the special tank, from which then pump out. Periodicity of pumping - 1-4 times a year, depending on the intensity of use.
In general, the autonomous wastewater treatment plant is good, but has certain features of operation that you need to know before deciding that it is better for the sewage to septic or AU.
Approximately the installations for the autonomous sewage site of the private house look like. This is ay taopa
AU at the exit have water purified by 90-95%. With such quality, it can be drained to the ground, however, for this you must have laboratory research on your hands. Therefore, many prefer to still use an intermediate seduction well from which the water is then used for technical purposes. The second option is to take the drains on the filtering devices. This, of course, reinsurance, but in emergency situations it saves.
With what the drains are cleared
Waste is processed by anaerobic bacteria (live only in the presence of air). To provide them with air in Los, aerators are constantly working. In addition, during the cleansing, pumping content from one compartment to another occurs with the help of built-in pumps. So without electricity, these installations are inoperable.
Inside AU is also divided into cameras (this is Topa)
If the electricity is disconnected, the bacteria without air can survive not more than 4 hours, then they die, the drains cease to be processed. To launch the system, it takes its settling with new bacteria, and the output to the working condition is possible only after 2-3 weeks. All this time, the drains will go, at best, democheted. This is where the seduction well or filtering installation is useful. He will significantly improve the situation.
Features of operation
Since the volume of autonomous sewage treatment plants is small, they need a constant feeding: bacteria for normal livelihoods requires supply substances. Therefore, this kind of device is suitable for private houses of permanent residence - we need regular revenues. In principle, conservation is possible for some period, but the procedure is not pleasant, and it will be long to go out on the mode.
Bacteria that process waste in automatic wastewater treatment plants are also sensitive to active chemicals. Since the volumes of the chambers are less, the discharge of detergent or disinfectant can significantly damage the processing process. Moreover, it can negatively affect the purification and treatment with antibiotics.
Station after work 3-6 months
Los have much smaller dimensions than septics. They are calculated depending on the daily consumption of water, but there is such an indicator as a volley reset. This is the amount of effluent that autonomous sewer installation can take at a time. If this value is exceeded, the crude flows are shut into other chambers, which significantly reduces the degree of cleaning. So, in this situation, you have to do what plumbing devices and household appliances work at the same time. And if the bath is descended, for some time no other devices should work.
The choice of bodies when the sewage device is described here.
Briefly: Advantages and Disadvantages
Autonomous sewage sewer installations are certainly comfortable, with them the sewerage for a private house is sold quickly - the installation takes 10-12 hours. Pumping of excess flashes is needed several times a year (1-4 times depending on the intensity of use, but maybe less often or more often). The amount of pumped yla is completely small (5-10 buckets depending on the model) and the maintenance can be carried out independently, even though the procedure is not the most pleasant. But they are engaged, since the arrival of a specialist at all silence.
It looks like a plot
In these sewage treatment facilities, there is a high cost of equipment, dependence on the availability of electricity and the need to control the condition of the equipment.
Sewerage for a private house: what is better
What a sewage to a private house is better - septic tank or AU - it is impossible to say without binding to specific conditions. Different soils, groundwater location, electricity supply stability. All this affects the choice of the optimal solution. Let's consider the most common situations.
- Electricity is often disconnected. If there is no backup power source (battery, generator) The use of individual sewage stations risky - can die bacteria, and refueling them every time - non-dry pleasure, and the station comes out for a long time. Therefore, in this case, it is better to put a septic.
- House of periodic accommodation (country house or cottage). In this case, too, it is better to put a septicch - it normally transfers the different intensity of use, while AU of interruptions do not like.
What is better to choose to sewer a private house
- Soils "heavy" water goes bad. In this case, it is better to put LOS - with a sufficient degree of cleaning, their drains can be cast into a wastewall. If you wish, you can make bulk filtering fields or filtering ditches, under the septicch and put it. But the device of filtering fields in this case requires large areas (and tools).
- High groundwater level. In this case, the optimal installation of LOS - the outlet is already have a normal degree of purification and they will not affect tangible harm, although the doctor is desirable - for complete safety.
- Limited budget. The cost of septicists is less than the cost of AU. With a limited budget, it is better to install septic tank. If the money is completely tight, you can make a septic tank made of concrete rings.
| Concrete septic | Plastic septic | Aeriation Installation (AU or LOS) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dependence on electricity | not | not | A guaranteed power supply is required. |
| Tightness | It is difficult to seal, especially with a high level of groundwater | The housing is sealed, requires anchoring or special devices | Sealed case, does not pop up (always full) |
| Requirement to the regularity of "replenishment" | Irrelevant | Irrelevant | Reacts poorly to uneven flow income, use better on permanent residence |
| Plosovoy dump | With large volumes copes excellent | With large volumes copes excellent | Changes only with a certain amount of stock |
| Service | Regular pumping of the assessing machine (1-3 times a year) | Regular pumping of the assessing machine (1-3 times a year) | The machine is not needed, but it is necessary to delete, as well as wash the installation 1-4 times a year |
| The possibility of independent manufacture | You can make it yourself | Only factory execution | Only factory execution |
| Cost | The most inexpensive option | Average price | Dear |
| Options for peeling stocks | Filtering Well, Sand Gravel Filter, Infiltrator | Filtering Well, Sand Gravel Filter, Infiltrator | Filtering Well, Sand-Gravel Filter, Infiltrator, Drainage Canva |
As you can see, there is no universal solution. There is a better for this situation. Properly selected sewage system for a private house is half an end. Now it remains to decide on wiring and ventilation.
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