Natural wooden flooring, parquet or solid tree, differ in environmental cleanliness, practicality and long service life. However, for better quality of use, the wooden floor should be covered with varnish - it will protect it, and will not give it too fast to pollute.
Many do not want paint, as it hides the natural wood texture. But the transparent quick-drying varnish and protect the surface of the parquet of wood, and will retain its appearance. The main thing is to choose the right compound, safe and odorless, and keep the technology of work with varnish material.
Classification of materials
To pick up the optimal varnish for the wooden floor, it should be understood in the features of each species. Today the market contains the following options:
- Material based on alkyd resins, which are diluted with an organic solvent. Due to this composition, alkyd varnishes are resistant to humidity and form a durable coating. Apply such compounds is recommended using a pulverizer. Dries by alkyd varnish for three days. If accelerated drying is required, a hardener can be added to the material, which shortens the period three times.
- Alkudo-urethane compositions will continue faster. Because of the urethane esters, the varnishes dry in just 12 hours. For strength, such coatings are no worse than alkyd.
- Oil varnishes are produced based on wood resins and linseed oil. Like alkyd, such compositions are bred by organic solvents. The surface of the parquet made of wood covered with such a composition, changes its shade toward yellow or brown and becomes glossy. Drying speed, however, is significantly lower - this process can take several days. The protective properties of oil material depend on the thickness of the material - the higher it is, the more durable it turns out the surface.
- Nitroleki. These materials are made on the basis of colloxylin, in which plasticizers, solvents and resins are added. With high strength, this is the most quick-breath varnish - it dries in just a few hours. A transparent film formed during the coating closes all the pores in the surface of the parquet of wood, making it resistant to moisture. However, nitrolac is not safe for health due to the toxicity of solvents, so it is not recommended to apply it for internal work in residential premises.
- Water soluble varnishes will dry longer, since it is applied to a few layers to increase strength. Because of this, the drying period can be up to two weeks. But the water varnishes are most safe and have no unpleasant odor. With this processing, the wooden coating will retain its texture and coloring. It is also worth considering that the floors covered with such materials are unstable to temperature and humidity drops.
- Epoxy resins based compounds. The most universal species of varnishes can be used both indoors and external work, and you can cover any type of surface. At room temperature, such a varnish is dry about a day.
- Polyurethane varnishes. These materials are used not only to cover the parquet of wood, but also to protect the polymer bulk floors. Accordingly, they provide the best protection of the floor from moisture, chemicals and mechanical damage. These compositions are especially popular when covering floors from the valuable wood. Primary drying occurs in an hour, complete - for 4-12 hours. Faster drows out two-component varnishes, which include a hardener.
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Accelerate the drying can be heating the floor with a hair dryer, or simply by raising the air temperature in the room. In addition, a hardener can be added to any composition.
How to cover the floor with varnish?
To ensure the best quality of internal work, the room should contain room temperature, plus-minus a few degrees. Only, in this case, the varnishes are well absorbed into the floor and dry quickly.Surface preparation
Before finishing work, the surface of the parquet of wood should be carefully prepared. First of all, it grinds so that the varnish lay evenly and formed a smooth surface.
Grinding boards need not along and not across, but at an angle of 45 degrees - from one corner of the room to another. If the parquet panels are laid by a diagonal pattern, everything is much simpler - the grinding machine must be carried out in parallel walls.
If the old coating is flawed, the damaged bar should be replaced or at least coat with putty. You can use a putty made from undergraduated materials - wood sawdust and dust remaining after grinding. These waste is mixed with PVA glue or cellulose fluid.
The hardened putty will turn out quite strong and reliably clung to the parquet. It is necessary to bring the parquet into a suitable look until the wear upper layer is completely removed. After these works, the floor should be pressed.
Polish coating lacquer
When the floor will take a natural appearance, you can proceed to applying a varnish. You can apply rollers or brushes into small surfaces, in large rooms for convenience of work you can use a spray gun. In this case, the varnish must be dissolved by a solvent, but not more than a tenth of the mass of varnish.
Material is applied in two or three layers, if necessary, this number may increase to five. After drying the first of them, the floor is grouped fine-grained emery paper. Dust is removed and the following layer is applied. Varnish consumption on average is about liters per m2 parquet of wood, with the exception of resin formulations.
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Service lacquered surface
Even when using quick-drying varnishing material, it is not recommended to introduce a coating to operation. For the first few days, it is better not to expose the parquet to a strong mechanical effect, not trample it.
The total service life of its service depends on the caution of treatment with lacquered parquet. If the carpet is planned to be placed on the floor, you should wait a week. On the lower edges of the legs of heavy furniture should be glued with felt or other soft material. You should regularly update the lacquered surface - about once a year.
Thus, all kinds of varnishes for a wooden parquet have their advantages, cons and purpose. Water is better to use in residential premises without high load on the floor, the other two species are suitable for any premises due to their high resistance, but require special appeal.