On the issue of home repairs, it is impossible to go around the installation of pipes in the bathroom and toilet. The wiring scheme should simultaneously provide a convenient location of sanitary equipment, access to key assemblies for repair and fit into the current or future interior.
Often, when repaired in old rooms, it is necessary to replace the worn water rims and supply pipes. In this case, you can encounter certain difficulties in view of the fact that not all outdated and faulty items are replaced with modern. Very often, the new plumbing is characterized by adjusting sizes, connective thread diameters and fastening method. It is in such cases that it is necessary to provide a new flow diagram and connecting plumbing devices.
Works on the pipe wiring are required if the bathroom is equipped with scratch.
We will analyze more details of the methods and rules of water supply layout.
Development of the location of objects and pipelines
The layout of the connecting elements, cranes, water counters and pipe elements will be absolutely necessary for a qualitative result. It will help calculate the number of connections and taps, determine the plumbing places and will help save time and materials.
Standardly in the wiring scheme includes the following mandatory elements:
- Water metering devices;
- Shut-off-regulating reinforcement;
- Filtering elements;
- Fittings (couplings, corners, water seals, adapters);
- Reward valves;
- Check valves;
- Sourney from the riser to the heated towel rail;
- Sewer collector.
Deciding for itself, where sanitary devices will be located, you, pushing out of their dimensions, calculate the length and diameter of the supply sections. After calculating the length of the sections and the number of additional parts, it will be left to select a suitable type of wiring.
Types of pipe wiring
At the moment, the following 3 types are recommended for plumbing work:
- Collector (with a parallel connection of each object to the main pipes);
- Consistent (connect each object to the main pipe through a separate tee);
- With passing outlets (similar to consistent, but instead of tees set out rosettes).
The last layout scheme is used only in private homes. It will require the installation of an additional pump for the water underwear and the gasket of the pipes of considerable length.
In the apartments they use the first two schemes, we will tell about more.
Collector layout
Among the existing proposals for the organization of water supply are the most reliable and practical. Each consumer connects through its liner pair, with the help of cranes, the water supply to it can be adjusted at any time or completely cut off. Cranes are located on one small collector, which is hidden in a special cabinet. Side pipes have a minimum of connections, and the gasket can be carried out hidden.
Of course, this option is quite expensive, because You will need stop valves for each connection to the collector. The work itself is painstaking and will require accuracy of calculation and execution, so it will be wiser to trust it with an experienced master. But the advantages are obvious: for service and repair of washing machines, mixers and other devices do not have to turn off the entire bathroom from the water.
Sequential layout
This type of pipe gasket is applicable to rooms with a small number of consumers (a common mixer for a washbasin and a bath and a supply to the washing machine). The consistent scheme is conveniently implemented if finishing works are already completed in the bathroom. Laying pipes when using such a scheme, as a rule, open. In the tee diagram of the pipe have a small number of connections and are located compact. The assembly process itself is uncomplicated - you simply launch a highway from one consumer to a friend in terms of outputting pipes from tees. Such a procedure does not require a consumption of a large number of materials and additional spending.
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But when in your bathroom there is a variety of water intake points (separate fittings for a washbasin and bath, boiler, washing machine, bathroom, dishwasher) The work of this scheme becomes unsatisfactory. A shortage of water pressure may occur for the simultaneous work of all consumers.
In both cases considered There are a number of nuances that always take into account when assembling a water supply scheme:
- The number of compounds must be minimal;
- Pipe and couplings must be of homogeneous materials;
- Pipes are preferably insulating so that the condensate does not settle on them;
- You need free access to detachable connections, filters and metering devices.
The right choice of pipes and their varieties
When considering pipes for laying communications, keep in mind that various materials are adapted for certain operating conditions and are seriously different in price.
Thus, metal pipes are made of galvanized steel or copper. The first is characterized by good heat transfer and durability. The second are more durable and easily accept specified forms, but at the same time are the most expensive.
Cheaper alternative steel and copper are plastic products. Plastic and metal-plastic pipes almost completely displaced stainless steel pipes in the sphere of sanitary work. Lightweight in processing and durable they allowed to achieve progress as and mounting speed.
Among their advantages, we note the following:
- Pipes are easily connected by soldering, the compounds themselves are resistant to pressure drops;
- plastic is not subject to corrosion, the inner surface is not styled and does not finish with a limescale;
- Products made from polypropylene cheaper than metal.
It is worth noting that the pipes from metal plastic are less plastic, fragile and do not tolerate hydrowards. Metal-plastic products are usually used when assembling sewage drain.
Hidden, open and combined pipe laying method
Communication wiring in the bathroom can be organized in 3 ways.
External layout . Takes place if it is impossible to hide the pipes in the walls. This type of layout allows you to constantly monitor the appearance of the connections and easily disassemble them into the case of a blockage or replacement of parts. It also costs more cheap when attracting installers to laying - from 7000 rubles with materials.
Hidden layout . Due to the fact that all connections and sections are hidden under the lining, and only fittings are displayed for connections, this type of lining does not violate the interior design. Pipes are securely hidden in the walls cannot be damaged by negligence. But the process of execution of work on the laying takes more time and labor. Before laying the wall, the channels are cut down the channels for placing pipes. After laying the wall close up, while maintaining a plane. The pipeline must be used to the casing according to the construction standards.
As a result, the hidden method of laying is noticeably more expensive than the wiring of the pipes outside (from 12,000 rubles). Well, if we talk about the carrier walls, then they are prohibited in principle on them.
The hidden gasket is possible only with unfinished finishing works. With finished cladding, an option is only an open and combined pipe assembly.
Combined gasket It consists in laying pipes on the surface of the unlunned walls, followed by mounting decorative false panels or boxes that hide the pipeline. This is a rather difficult method, as it will be necessary to harmoniously enter the protruding parts of the box in the interior and save the cozy atmosphere in the room. It comes to the aid, profiling the shape of the box by drywall and the outer trim with tiles and decorative elements.
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Pipe sheet to heated towel rail
Side pipes can be stretched to the heated heating towel rail either from the hot water lines. It is worth considering that when working from the CSC, the radiator will function only in the heating season. Also The inserting of the taps into the heating system will require to overlap the flow to the riser that representatives of housing and communal services are made for a fee. In winter, such work is not carried out at all due to the risk to freeze the pipe.
Therefore, rational will be connected from the hot pipeline. Wherein For convenience and saving hot water between the main and heated towel rail, we recommend putting a bypass jumper . It connects direct and reverse tubes, and the ball valves in front of the coil and after it will allow the heated towel in the case of its replacement or to preserve heat.
When laying supply pipes, you need to accurately withstand 2 sizes: the mid-scene distance of the nozzles for connecting the radiator and the minimum indent from the bathroom wall. In radiators with pipe diameters up to 23 mm, it is equal to 35 mm, in the pipes with a diameter of over 25 mm - 50 mm. In general, 2-3 cranes on a bypass jumper, 2 tees on the main pipe and conclusions from it, 2 tee on the brow and 2 transient couplings to connect the coil, will be needed to connect a heated towel rail.
Wiring of sewage pipes
Creating a wiring of sewer tubes is carried out taking into account a number of requirements for normal drainage and preventing water to prevent water. These requirements are as follows:
- Hold down the bias toward the drain manifold. Its value from 0.02 to 0.03 total strip length.
- When assembling it is not allowed to put taps at right angles.
- In areas before turning, where the blocks are possible to put revisions - tees with a removable lid. With a hidden gasket opposite the revision, you must leave the viewing window.
- The diameter of the pipes must provide good permeability for the effluent. The toilet bowls are connected to the collector of pipes at least 100 mm in diameter, and sinks and baths - pipes with dimensions 50-75 mm;
- When assembling, leave the stock for temperature expansion: the tube's end should not be restricted and do not reach the bottom of 10 mm.
To obtain the desired slope value, use the construction level when the clamp mounts are marked
Gasket and mounting pipes with their own hands
With the finished scheme of pipe gasket and the selected method of laying, you can start assembling the system. Note that it will not be possible to perform the assembly of steel and copper pipes. Work with them requires the skills of handling the welding machine and the accuracy of processing. Similar forces only experienced professionals. Therefore, in this section we will describe the installation technique of polypropylene pipes. It is easy to learn and requires only a clear following instructions.
Prepare all the necessary materials and tools for work:
- Soldering iron for plastic pipes with nozzles of the desired diameter;
- Turbine (Bulgarian);
- Truboresis or hacksaw for metal;
- Perforator;
- Sealing winding of flax or packle;
- Dowels with self-drawing;
- Polypropylene pipes;
- Adjustable keys;
- Ball Valves;
- Transition couplings, taps, tees.
- Mechanical cleaning filters;
- Pressure reducer.
Dismantling of old pipes
It should be started with dismantling previously installed communications. To do this, we overlap the water supply and distribute the detachable connections to drain the water. We spin all threaded connections and remove old cranes, couplings and tees. Elements that are still in good condition and do not have inside contamination, they will completely rise as spare parts. Welded connections cut the grinder. To get to the sections of the hidden in the walls, use a pepper with chisel.
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If the fitting on the riser has a thread, a new adjusting valve is secured on it, and the filter and the water meter. If the old pipe was attached to welding, then retreat from the seam of centimeters 10-15, cut off the pipe and cut the label thread.
Pipes will be attached with the connecting elements by soldering. For soldering, pre-install the sleeves and kegs of the desired size and turn on the room. The optimal temperature for soldering is 260 degrees, the corresponding mark is on the instrument toggle.
We advise you not to cut all the pipes in advance. It will correctly connect them consistently to not be calculated with the size. Slices of pipes cut by pipe cutter or hacksaw. Clearance cleaner with a stationery knife from chips and burrs.
The heating time of parts depends on the diameter and the thickness of the pipe walls. You can independently find tables where it is normalized. Normally, 5-7 seconds are quite enough. The molten tube or coupling without effort turns on the sleeve or pin and is easily removed. After removing from the soldering iron, two parts need to be connected instantly. It is necessary to press until it stops, but without a strong pressure. Within 3-5 seconds, you can turn the details if suddenly put their crookedly. After the connected sections, it is finally grabbed and not to dismiss them. For practice it will not hurt to stretch on unnecessary trimming.
Pipes will be attached along the walls due to plastic clamps. Those in turn are pressed against the walls of self-draws. Their design will allow you to easily fix the pipe snapping the lock and also easily release.
Upon completion of the installation, check the quality of the assembly. On a quarter of an hour, open the flow of cold water. Then skip hot water through it the same time. Carefully check the state of threaded and soldering connections. In case of leaks, immediately replace the unreliable connection. At such a case will be worth it to stock up the couple of fittings.
Some tricks to simplify work:
- Put and drill holes under the dowel and secure the clamp. No need to press the clamps tightly until you try on them.
- To set up the tees and the corners of Rivne, try on them to the tube before the spike and make a marker mark.
- Pipes can be soldered on a weight and already assembled strapping on the clamps. Collect all the previous hint will help you.
Security measures when laying pipes
In order to protect yourself when working, prepare your workplace - remove everything that prevents from the installation places. Before working in the bathroom, make sure that there are no open electrodarmers and bare wires anywhere. Punning water on the riser, open the duct to all the cranes to make sure there are no skips through the shut-off valve.
Working with a soldering iron will require caution to avoid burns and fire. Soldering iron Do not leave unattended, always install it on a special stand when you do not use. Choose a place for it on a non-burning surface away from flammable materials and liquids.
Take care of your own health and safety. Go to work in overalls of thick jeans with long sleeves and pants. On my feet, shove the Quality Work Shoes. Hands Close the stuffed fabric gloves. To protect the eyes before work with a perforator Punish goggles or mask