Mauerlat is one of the main elements of roofing design. It is fastened to attach rafters. The operational period of the entire roof depends on the qualitative creation of the rafter design.
Opporting nodes rafted on run and Mauerlat.
Basic ways of supporting rafters
There are several support technologies raftered on Mauerlat. You can make rigid fixation of the structure. It does not allow any shift of the rafter foot. To do this, take advantage of a liner bar, thanks to which the slipping of the rafter is prevented at the place of reference, and metal corners that eliminate any side shift design.The moving connection of the rafter foot is used in wooden houses. Moreover, the main element for its stop is the upper crown, and not Mauerlat. To prevent damage to the roof, the support knot is made as free as possible. To do this, use the sliding support, which, when shrinking, the log is subjected to displacement by the guide on the foot.
A sliding support node can be performed by other technology. In the rafters, it was made, which should be brought to the upper wand. For fixing the beams, it is permissible to use any fasteners: brackets, nails or steel plates.
Fasteners for installation work
Supported mounting assembly on Mauerlat diagonal rafting leg.
To high quality connect nodes of rafters with Mauerlat, you will need materials and tools such as:
- dry bar;
- boards;
- ax;
- hacksaw;
- a hammer;
- knife;
- roulette;
- plumb;
- level;
- screwdriver;
- drill;
- Bulgarian.
Special attention should be paid to the presence of all fasteners. The fixation of beam consoles occurs with galvanized steel beam brackets, which do not reduce the carrying capacity of the structure. Brackets in the beams do not need to be embedded.
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You need to buy and perforated mounting tape, which will strengthen the Maurolalat nodes. With its help, a solid connection of all structural elements is performed. The tape is also not crashed into the beams. For its reliable fixation, nails and self-tapping screws are applied.
In addition to the brackets and perforated tape, to carry out reliable support, rafters should be purchased to Mauerlat:
Scheme of rolling rafters.
- Universal bar connectors;
- fasteners for rafters;
- mortgage supports;
- wire-rod;
- steel corners;
- racking fasteners;
- self-tapping screw;
- nails;
- brackets;
- plates;
- galvanized nails;
- Studs with washers and nuts;
- anchor bolts.
Creating a skate and setting the bottom of the rafted
Mounting work begin with the skunk part of the roofing design. Mounting rafters can be carried out in one of three ways:
- jack;
- on run;
- Vangest.
The jack design involves cutting the upper part of the rafter. This is done at an angle, which is equal to the inclination of the roofing slope. A pair of foot is on the skate. To obtain the same support node, the Maurolalat elements should be used by the finished template.
A feature of fixation rafters on a run is the presence of a skunk beam. This option of arrangement of Mauerlat is characterized by increased reliability. But often such a system of supporting rafters involves the installation of additional reference structures, which will reduce the functionality of the attic. Naturally, this method is not suitable for small roofs.
Opportuning spelling rafters on the wall with armopoyas.
Mounting technology rafted Vanzlest is largely similar to their installation on the skate run. The main difference is the compound of the top of the legs take place. This leads to a strong design of the structure, since the studs hold two elements at once.
The connection of the lower ends of the rafter is carried out depending on the material of the construction of walls. In the presence of wooden house-building, the topping of the wall can act as a supporting element. If a foam blocks (or aerated concrete) were used during the construction of the house, then the support of the rafter was produced on Mauerlat.
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The device of the reinforced concrete belt is the optimal solution in the case of the use of masonry building materials. Such technology does not provide for creating any methods for fixing the rafter system. Vertically located anchor bolts protrude as fastening elements. The main thing is that with the pouring of the concrete solution, the studs were located in a strictly vertical position.
Connection rafted with beams and mauerlat
After fixing the upper and lower part of the rafter, they should be fixed to the beams. It is clear that you can connect rafters with a beam just nails. But it is not the best solution. Such a fastening will not be as reliable as possible. To prevent slipping of all elements, the fixation of the rafter design to the beams occurs by using the "spike" and "tooth" compounds.
In the presence of a steep roof slide (more than 35º), there is no technology with a single tooth. In the lower part of the rafter, a tooth with a spike is made. The nests created in the beam should have a depth at a level of 30% of the thickness of the beam. The device of the rafter compounds is carried out at a distance of 0.3-0.4 m from the extreme part of the beam. This prevents the appearance of chips of beams resulting from a large load from the pressure of the legs.
Strengthening scheme raftered with additional subproof.
When adjusting the roof with an inclination to 35º, the set of rafters is made by expanding the interface area of the main structural elements. Typically, the rapid leg is overlapped with beam. To this end, the holes for two teeth are cut into the rafter foot:
- spike with focus;
- Another emphasis.
Dropper depth when fixing rafters to the beam is within 30% of the thickness of the beam.
More qualitative connections can be obtained if you use bolts or clamps. Such technology involves the use of wire loops, with the help of which the node is fixed to the anchor bolts located in the wall wall.
Opportuning on Maurylalat is the most common option for fixing the bottom of the rafted. In the rafter foot, a cut-out of this size is being made so that it can be put on the Mauerlat without any problems. Otherwise, during the operation of the roof, the bar can occur.
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In some cases, Mauerlat must be "equipped with" reverse notes. It depends on the tree of wood, from which the timber is made. If hardwood wood was used for its production, then a slot is made, which in combination with a sling of the rafter will create a locking element. In the manufacture of a bruse of a coniferous tree, cutout will not be required, as it will lead to a weakening of the structure.
The most acceptable option for Mauerlat is a rigid pairing of the rafter system.
Technology of mounting the rafter system to Mauerlat.
This technology can be performed in one of two ways:
- with the help of stitched bars and corners made of metal;
- By device, the saddles on the rafters.
The first option lies in the fact that for placing a rafter to Mauerlat uses a reference timber. It makes rigid support for the rafter foot. Reliable fixation of the design is carried out by metal corners. This prevents cross-shift design.
The second option is more popular. For fasteners, nails are used, which are sent to each other and clogged at an angle. Two clogged nails are cross. After that, another nail is driven. The third nail must be located in a vertical position. The fastened assembly will be characterized by maximum rigidity, if you make an additional fastening with wire-rod wire.