The heating of a private house can be autonomous and centralized. In addition, almost every owner installs an additional furnace with a fireplace, which allows you to create additional comfort and comfort in the house. Today you can buy an already ready-made metal fireplace, lined with natural stones, or create a simple metal furnace. Despite the large selection of modern furnaces, preference is still given to bricks, laid out with their own hands.
Types and types of country fireplaces: 1. Fireplace with an open furnace 2. Fireplace with air heating 3. Fireplace with water heating.
The furnace with the fireplace combines ease of operation and the ability to observe the flame through the glass fuel door. Such a building has the highest quality and functionality. The fireplace oven is able to ensure fuel burning within 12 hours, while its efficiency is 75%.
The furnace with the fireplace is the perfect solution for the heating of a country house. In addition, it can be used not only for heating at home, but also for cooking. It is for this purpose that a cooking surface is provided in the fireplace. Combining these functionality and led to the design name - a furnace-fireplace.
Types of fireplaces and masonry features
Brick furnaces
The furnace is a fireplace in cuts.
The furnace-fireplace made of brick resembles the most ordinary Russian oven combined with a fireplace. The result is a monoblock that has a common base and connected to one pipe channel. Such a furnace can be used not only as a heating, but also by the heating and cooking. The last option saves on the purchase of a gas or electric stove, as well as fuel for them. Despite the alignment in one design, several types of devices that differ very different from each other, the problems in operation of the brick furnace with the fireplace does not occur.
The furnace furnace and the fireplace should be made separately. In the case of a simultaneous device, a short period of time is required. This allows you to not install a two-channel smoke pipe of a large size and cross section. The combination of the smoke of such a furnace with a flue channel of the fireplace is long before entering the overall chimney.
Kuznetsov oven.
Furnace drawing Kuznetsov.
Special popularity among private house owners enjoys the Kuznetsov furnace, the author of which created a special system, allowing to burn fuel in the cap with optimal use of the isolated energy. Thanks to such a system, it has the opportunity to create a large number of generators that differ in power and functional destination. The difference of this design is a special organization of fuel combustion in the hood, which is mounted in the furnace, connecting them into one.
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When creating such a stove, you need to take into account with your own hands that there should be a dry seam between the cap and the fifuel, the width of 3 cm. And as for the design of the focus, it may be the most diverse. The type of fuel can also be any.
Convective furnace systems.
The main task assigned to the oven Kuznetsov is to ensure the optimal air temperature in the room throughout the day. In this case, the oven in severe frosts should give as much heat as possible, while burning the minimum amount of fuel.
With all these requirements, Kuznetsov oven cope with everything that explains its high popularity.
Such a stove has high heat transfer, which has maximum efficiency values. But to achieve this, it is necessary to properly produce the furnace with your own hands. Otherwise, it will work very badly.
Stove-Fireplace Bavaria
Corner bavaria oven.
In recent years, there has been an increase in demand for the furnace with a fireplace from the Bavaria series, the design of which can be attributed to heating and cooking facilities. Their differences are in small sizes, high functionality and relatively low prices. Moreover, the installation of such a stove does not cause difficulties even with newcomers in the furnace craft.
For the manufacture of stoves with a fireplace Bavaria, heat-resistant steel is used, and the firebox is laid out with a chamotte brick. Despite the non-standard plate shape, it is recognized as powerful heating and kitchen equipment. It is simply indispensable for heating a large house, the area of which comes to 150 m². In this case, fuel consumption is minimal.
Laying a fireplace furnace for a country house
Fireplaces will never come out of fashion. If only the owners of large houses could afford to afford them, today there is almost such an opportunity for everyone. The fireplace is able to give the interior of the house the highlight and become the center of attention. At the same time, it is absolutely not necessary to search for the search for cookies, as the furnace with the fireplace can be erected with their own hands.
Determine the location of the fireplace
Before starting work, you should decide on the position of the fireplace, given not only the ergonomics of the room, but the optimal position for the convenience of operation and maintenance. It can even be the center of the hall, but the most favorable place is the end wall or angle between the two inner walls of the house. To exclude drafts, the fireplace should not be located opposite windows and doors. When choosing a place, you can not forget about the location of both a fireplace and a chimney, which should rise above the roof of a minimum of 30 cm.Article on the topic: how to make a mirror with backlit with your own hands
Prepare tools and building material
Heat furnace-fireplace: a - general view, b - vertical cuts, horizontal cuts; 1 - Sewber, 2 - Schweller № 14, 3 - Prutkaya fittings, 4 - valves.
Getting Started by a masonry furnace with a fireplace with her own hands, you should prepare all the necessary building materials and tools in advance:
- large capacity;
- plastering bucket;
- kiyanka;
- building level;
- plumb;
- trowel;
- hammer, hacksaw;
- cement;
- sand;
- crushed stone;
- edged board;
- reinforcing rod;
- grate;
- refractory brick;
- smoke dam;
- decorative lattice;
- mantel.
Furnace-fireplace heat production capacity of 1000 W: A - installation scheme, b - general view, e - vertical cuts, g - spitches; 1, 2- underground and elevated part of the foundation, 3- Waterproofing, 4 - floor, 5 - Waste, 6 - Fireplace, 7 - Pipe, 8 - Cutting, 9 - Overlapping, 10 - headband, 11, 12 - Fireplace Furnaces 13 - smoke collector, 14- oven.
Any construction starts with the creation of the project. This also applies to those cases when it is planned to install the stove with their own hands.
When drawing up a project, it is necessary to prescribe the clear dimensions of the supplied material used. For example, it is possible to determine the height of the pipe in the height of the ridge of the roof of the house.
The passage of the pipe must be 15 times less than the inlet flopper.
Brick before construction work must be checked for cracks and chips. During the masonry of the furnace in no case cannot be used by deformed bricks.
Clay for masonry should be soaked in advance with water. As a rule, this is done in two days before the start of work. With a shortage of time, the solarding process can be accelerated, melting clay in warm water.
Fireplace
Heat furnace-fireplace: a - general view, b - vertical cuts, horizontal cuts; 1 - Sewber, 2 - Schweller № 14, 3 - Prutkaya fittings, 4 - valves.
The weight of the stove laid out of the brick reaches one ton. Therefore, the fireplace device requires a lasting and properly designed foundation. If all the work is performed with your own hands without attracting specialists, it will be easier to fill the foundation using a reinforcing mesh or reinforcement rods.
The easiest option in the work is the reinforcement bar of the periodic profile.
When the foundation device on the solid fit, the valve is used, the diameter of which is 10 mm, and to work on a soft ground - 14 mm.
To begin with, it is necessary to disassemble the floors and determine the type of soil, from which the degree of degradation of the base depends. The size of the foundation for the stove with a fireplace is 200 mm more than for one furnace.
Important! The foundations of the fireplace can not be connected to the foundation of the building.
Fireplace scheme.
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Next, you need to make a formwork from boards with a height of 2 m and lay along and across it is fittings. After that, you can cook concrete and pour formwork. The second layer of reinforcement is necessarily superimposed on the concrete layer. The reinforcement rods need to be dried in concrete and hide with polyethylene to avoid cracking of concrete.
After 12 hours, polyethylene can be removed and gently disassemble the formwork of the base foundation. After that, it is necessary to install the formwork of the basement of the foundation, the size of which should fully correspond to the size of the frame base. The cabinet must rise above the surface of the floor by about 15-20 cm.
After another 12 hours, it is possible to disassemble the formwork of the foundation and fall asleep the land imparting. To land around the foundation as quickly as possible gave shrinkage, it can be poured with water. After that, waiting for another 12 hours, you can proceed to the masonry of the furnace with the fireplace with your own hands.
Fireplace scheme.
A polyethylene is removed from the foundation tube, and the boundaries of the foundation are checked, after which hooks will be screwed into the ceiling, which will be used to carry out the following actions. On them to control the plumb will be hung.
During the laying of bricks, it is necessary to remember that for obtaining a solid and reliable design, it is necessary to use as little clay as possible, that is, the thickness of the clay layer between bricks should be no more than 4 mm.
Unlike the stove, the fireplace lays the room more than heels. It is excessive ventilation that does not give it to be a heating device. To preserve heat in the house, modern technology offers to use a transparent door made of heat-resistant glass, due to which the excessive outflow of warm air into the pipe will stop, while the heat radiation will continue to contribute to the heating of the room.
In the firewall of the fireplace, it is possible to install a boiler, the design of which consists of a hot water pipeline, a heating radiator.
The boiler will be in contact with the fireplace flame, which is why the hot heat carrier will flow to the radiator and heat it. After the heat carrier cools, it will take it back to the boiler and will warm it in it. The result is a coolant cycle.
The boiler can be stationary. To do this, during masonry into the wall of the fireplace, you need to lay threaded nozzles. If desired, the water system of heating can be made removable.