Ngati madzi amadyetsedwa mnyumbayo pachitsime, pamafunika kuyeretsa. Mchenga, dongo, chitsulo, manganese, nitrate, mabakiteriya, hydrogen sulfide - iyi si mndandanda wathunthu wa zomwe zingakhale mkati mwake. Kutengera kuchuluka kwa kuipitsa, zida zimasankhidwa - ma mayams, aderators, zosefera. Kuti mafayilo oyeretsa madzi ochokera pachitsime amasankhidwa moyenera, kusanthula kwake kwamankhwala kukufunika, ndipo ndikofunikira kutumizidwa: Zitheka kuti musankhe zida zoyeretsa.
Kuyeretsa Masitepe
Kutsuka madzi pachitsime kumadutsa magawo angapo:
- Kuyeretsa koyambirira. Pakadali pano, zolengedwa zosefukira zokulirapo zimachotsedwa pachitsime zimachotsedwa pamadzi - mchenga, kusungunuka dongo, ma tinthu ena. Izi zitha kuchitika m'njira ziwiri: zosenda kapena kusema. Ndizosafunikira kuti musiye gawo ili: tinthu tating'onoting'ono timavala mwachangu zosefera bwino ndipo ngakhale zitha kuwaswa.
- Kuchotsa chitsulo, magnesium ndi zodetsa zina zamankhwala ndi mpweya.
- Mofewetsa ndikuchotsa mchere pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya ion kusinthitsa, pomwe mcherewo umagwera pansi ndipo zotsalira zawo zimachotsedwa mu gawo lotsatira.
- Kuyeretsa kochepa ndi kudekha. Pakadali pano, kutsuka kwachilengedwe kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timachitika. Ndipo zosefera bwino zimafesa tinthu tating'onoting'ono.
- Kukonzekera Kumwa. Pakadali pano, zosefera zimagwira ntchito panjira yosinthira osmosis nthawi zambiri imayikidwa. Gawo lokhalo lamadzimadzi, lomwe limapita kuphika kapena kumwa ena kudzera mwa iwo.
Kumwa Mosiyanasiyana Madzi
Munthawi zonsezi, kuchuluka kwa njira zotsutsika kumatsimikiziridwa pakuwunikira madzi pachitsime. Ngati zomwe zili pazinthu zilizonse zimapitilira chizolowezi, njira zochepetsera kuchuluka kwa ndende ndi zida za izi zimasankhidwa.
Za kachitidwe ka autopolivation ikhoza kuwerengedwa pano.
Momwe mumayeretsera madzi kuchokera kumchenga
Kuchotsa mchenga kapena dothi, la, tinthu tating'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono tikumazima pa fyuluta, kutsitsidwa pachitsime. Izi zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mafayilo osavuta - a Lamellalar kapena Sandy ndikuyimbira gawo ili - gawo lotsuka loyipa.Ngati pali kuyimitsidwa kwambiri, simungathe kuchita ndi fyuluta imodzi: idzatseka. Zothandiza kuyika dongosolo ndi maselo amitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, madzi kuchokera pachitsime amagwera pa fayilo potengera tinthu tating'onoting'ono mpaka 100 μm kukula, ndiye fyuluta imayikidwa ndi ma microns okwanira 20. Adzachotsa pafupifupi mitundu yonse yamakina.
Mitundu ya zosefera
Zosefera ndi mesh, mesh, kaseti (cartridge) kapena kugwa. Ma mesh nthawi zambiri amaika pachitsime. Ndiwopatuka pang'ono pang'ono pang'ono kuposa ulesi. M'makoma a chitoliro, mabowo amawuma kapena mawonekedwe a mabowo amatengera dothi), waya ndi wolumala kuchokera kumwamba, ndi gululi. Chovala cha Grid chimasankhidwa malinga ndi mtundu wa nthaka ya aqufar: iyenera kuzengereza kuchuluka kwa kuipitsa komanso nthawi yomweyo osati clog. Pakadali pano, zodetsa zazikulu kwambiri zimachedwa, zomwe zingawonongenso pampu. Koma mbali ya tinthu yolimba imakwerabe pansi. Amachotsedwa pakuyeretsa kwinanso.
Zosefera mesh zimayikidwa pachitsime. Amasefa mchenga ndi zina zopingasa
Nthawi zina ikani zosefera pachitsime sichotheka. Kenako kuyeretsa konse kumasunthidwa kumtunda. Kuti muyeretse madzi kuchokera pachitsime pankhaniyi, zosefera zamakaseti kapena kutaya zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Cassette ndi cartridge yosinthidwa - vhambrane dongosolo, makala ophwanyika, ndi zina. zomwe zimakhazikika mchenga ndi kuipitsa kwina kwakukulu.
Nthawi ndi nthawi, makatoni amatsekedwa ndikuyenera kusintha. Nthawi zimatengera kuchuluka kwa kuipitsidwa kwamadzi ndi kukula kwake. Nthawi zina cartridge imodzi imatsekedwa. Pankhaniyi, ndikwanzeru kuyika zosefera ziwiri ndi madigiri osiyanasiyana oyeretsa. Mwachitsanzo, kuchedwa koyamba kumamera mpaka ma Microni 100, ndikuyimirira kumbuyo kwa ma Microns 20. Chifukwa chake madziwo adzakhala oyera ndi makatoni adzasinthidwa nthawi zambiri.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zamadzi zosefera m'matumba munyumba yapaintaneti
Mu zosefera zojambulidwa mu chidebe, zosefera zochuluka - mchenga, chipolopolo chophwanyika, mafayilo apadera (mwachitsanzo, zopindika) zimathiridwa mumtsuko. Zosefera mosavuta kwambiri ndi baresi lamchenga wokhala ndi ntchito yopanda pake. Nuzeni wina: Ngati pali chitsulo chosungunuka, ndikofunikira kuti tigone mwapadera, ndi chothandizirana chomwe chimakondana ndi chitsulo chosungunuka ndi manganese, kukakamiza kuti agwere pampando.
Kutengera ndi kukula kwa zikhumbo za zosefera, m'malo mwake tinthu tating'onoting'ono tingathe kuchedwetsa. Nthawi zina pali zosefera ziwiri motsatana, kokha ndi backfill yosiyana - yoyamba, madzi amagwera mu omwe amasewera ali ndi kukula kwakukulu, ndiye kuti ndi kudzazidwa kocheperako. Zosefera zokwanira kuyeretsa madzi pachitsime ndi zabwino chifukwa amafunikira m'malo mwa zotsala pafupifupi zaka zitatu zilizonse. Ndipo mwa izi zimasiyana ndi lamellalar, fyuluta yomwe iyenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi: nthawi zina pamwezi, nthawi zina - kamodzi kapena zisanu ndi chimodzi.
Koma kotero kuti kuyeretsa ndi fyuluta yowonongeka ndikothandiza, amafunika kuti azichita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwakanthawi. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri mwa kukwera ma cranes okha ndikutsegula ena. Pankhaniyi, madzi amapita mbali ina, kutsamira kuchuluka kwa mpweya.
Mfundo ya kuyeretsa madzi mu Fyuluta yakugwa
Chitsanzo cha msonkhano wa zosefera ziwiri zotsatizana kuti ayeretse madzi kuti asaone mu vidiyo.
Momwe mungapangire kuti ntchito yoyeretsa chitsime chitha kuwerengedwa pano.
Momwe mumayeretsera madzi pachitsulo
Vuto lofala kwambiri ndi madzi lomwe linakwezedwa ndi zitsime ndi chitsulo chochuluka. Ngati timalankhula za ukhondo, ndiye kuti chitsulo chovomerezeka m'madzi ndi 0.3 mg / l. Ngati kupsinjika kumawonjezeka, kukoma kwake kumawonekera. Pakakhala zitsulo, zoposa 1 mg / l zimasiyana kale utoto - pambuyo poti kukhazikika kwakanthawi, kufiyira kwamphamvu - dzimbiri.Zodalirika pakupezeka kwa matenda kapena kukula kwa matenda aliwonse pakugwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi chitsulo chochuluka sichoncho, koma zakumwa ndi chakudya zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe okongola komanso kukoma kokongola kwambiri. Koma madzi oterewa amatha kuthandiza ndi hemoglobin mumwazi, ngati mudzamwani zokwanira. Komabe, madzi ochokera ku chitsulo amatsukidwa kwambiri, ndipo, osachepera, muyezo waukhondo. Chifukwa chake - chitsulo chimayikidwa pamisonkhano yanyumba, yomwe nthawi zambiri imayamba chifukwa cha kulephera kwake. Pali mitundu ingapo ya zida kuti ichotse chitsulo kuchokera m'madzi.
Sinthani Osmosis
Mwina ndi njira yabwino kwambiri: Pafupifupi tinthu tating'onoting'ono timachotsedwa. M'matofu oyeretsa madzi awa, pali nembanemba zapadera zomwe imangodumpha mamolekyulu ake. Zina zonse zimakhazikika pa fyuluta. Dongosolo lapadera loyeretsa limakupatsani mwayi woti muchotse zodetsa zomwe zimatulutsidwa mu chimbudzi kapena kukhetsa dzenje.
Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito kusintha kwa osmosis: kuyeretsa madzi apadera
Kusintha kwa osmisis kumachotsa chitsulo chokha, koma zinthu zina zonse zidasungunuka m'madzi. Vutoli ndi ma cell ang'onoang'ono, kuphatikiza mchenga ndi chitsulo chovuta (dzimbiri): amalemba zosefera. Ngati muli ndi ziwerengero zambiri za zodetsazi, pali zosefera (zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa) zisanachitike mankhwala Osmosis. Vuti lina: Zipangizozi zimayikidwa pamapaipi amadzi ndipo imagwira ntchito mokakamizidwa.
Chitsanzo cha dongosolo loyeretsa bwino kuchokera pachitsime ndi zosefera zoyeretsa komanso dongosolo la osmosis kukonzekera madzi akumwa. Thanks Tank imafunikira kuti apange kukakamizidwa pafupipafupi m'dongosolo.
Komabe, kuyipa kwakukulu kwa kachitidwe kotereku ndikofunikira mtengo wake, ndipo zoseferazo zimakhalanso chete, ndipo zimafunikira kuzisintha za nthawi yofanana ndi kusinthidwe kwa cartridge (kamodzi kapena miyezi itatu). Chifukwa nthawi zambiri zidazi zidazi zimakonzekerera madzi akumwa - yokhazikitsidwa pansi pa kumira, chotsani crane yokhazikika ndikugwiritsa ntchito kumwa kapena kuphika. Kuyeretsa madzi ena onse - chifukwa cha zosowa - gwiritsani ntchito njira zina ndi njira.
Zosefera pamadzi oyeretsa madzi ndi ma ion osinthanitsa
Pa chipangizochi, ali ofanana kwambiri ndi makatoni, koma pali zosefera zapadera zokhala ndi ma remini mwa iwo, ndi chitsulo chiti chomwe chimasinthidwa ndi sodium. Nthawi yomweyo, madzi amadzifewetsa: magnesium ndi potaziyamu aons amaphatikizidwanso. Zipangizozi zili ndi mitundu ingapo ya zida zingapo. Kwa mavoliyumu ochepa, zosefera za cartridge ndizoyenera, zazikulu, sizokwanira komanso zosefa zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa, zomwe zimatha kupereka madzi oyera pamlingo wowuma. Ichi ndichifukwa chake, posankha zosefera ndi zida zoyeretsa madzi pachitsime, ndikugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zopitilira muyeso: kusankha zoyenera: kusankha zoyenera.
Zosinthanitsa ma ion zimalowa m'malo mwa zinthu zoyipa
Kuchotsa Chitsulo Kumadzi
Zosefera madzi kuyeretsa madzi ndizothandiza, koma osati zida zosaphika. Ndikotheka kuthetsa vutoli mosavuta: ndi mawonekedwe. Chowonadi ndi chakuti chitsulo chimapezeka m'madzi mu mafomu awiri: mawonekedwe osungunuka ndikugwera mu mawonekedwe ndi okonda. Mfundo yokhazikika imatengera kuwonjezera kwa mpweya m'madzi, womwe maxidizos chitsulo chokhazikika kusungunuka, zomwe zimagwera mu mawonekedwe a mpweya wambiri. Kuphatikiza apo dzimbiri, njirayi imasakaniza manganese, hydrogen sulfide (imapereka fungo la mazira owola), ammonia.Kukakamizidwa ndi ma syrups
Pa chipangizocho, aeratoni amatha kugawidwa kukhala osakhalapo ndikugwira ntchito mopanikizika. Kupanikizika kwa kupanikizika kumakhala ndi chopondera komanso compressor chomwe chimapopera mpweya. M'pamwamba la chinjoka pali valavu yokha yomwe imayambitsa yomwe imachotsa mpweya wowonjezera. Madzi amatha kugwera mkati mwake, chifukwa chake amalumikizidwa ndi dongosolo la chimbudzi.
Njira yodzitsutsira madzi kuchokera ku chitsulo ndi thandizo la kukakamizidwa
Madzi amatsekedwa kuchokera pansi pa gawo limodzi mwa gawo lapakatikati, koma osatsika kwambiri, popeza ndi ma infolleble chapamwamba amadziunjikira pansi - chifukwa choyeretsa. Dongosolo limaphatikizidwa pamaso pa kumwa madzi. Pachifukwa ichi, zotulukapo ndi sensor yotulutsa. Chrene atangopezedwa, Compressor watsegulidwa, atatsekedwa, zinazimitsa.
Dongosolo la mpweya woponderezedwanso si chisangalalo chotsika mtengo kwambiri. Koma ndikofunikira ngati zomwe zili zachitsulo kapena zolumbira zina zimapitilira nthawi 30 kapena zingapo. Kupanda kutero, simungathe kuchotsa chiwopsezo chachikulu chotere: Zosefera zidzakhala zowoneka bwino mwachangu.
Makina Opanda Madzi Opanda Ufulu
Mtundu wachiwiri wa dongosolo ndi osapanikizika. Ili ndi chidebe chachikulu chomwe madzi amatetezedwa. Mphamvu ya chidebe ndi kuyambira malita 600, koma pazokha zimatengera kumwa madzi: sipadzakhala zoposa 50-60% ya voliyumu yomwe ilipo itatsala pang'ono.
Madzi mu chidebe chimaperekedwa nthawi yomweyo kuchokera pachitsime. Mlingo wamadzi ukhoza kulamulidwa ndi masensa - pansi ndi pamwamba kapena, monga pachithunzicho, mawonekedwe a pampu yangu. Kuteteza makina ku kusefukira pamlingo wovuta kwambiri, mphuno yotulutsa madzi imapangidwa. Itha kupita ku ngalande kapena dongosolo. Ndikofunikira kuti pamadzimadzi owoneka kuti madzi mu thanki adayimirira kwambiri.
Njira yopanda ufulu kumasula madzi pachitsime kuchokera pachitsulo, manganese, zodetsa zina komanso mpweya wosungunuka
Dongosolo lotere limagwira ntchito motere: pamlingo wofunikira mu thankiyo, madzi amapezeka, pomwe pampuyo yazimitsidwa. Kuyeretsa madzi, compressor kumayatsidwa (kungakhale kwamphamvu kwa mafayilo), omwe amapereka mpweya ku thanki. Amagawidwa kudzera mu wogawa, omwe ndi pafupifupi theka la kuya.
Kuti muwonetsetse kukakamizidwa kwamuyaya m'dongosolo, madzi kuchokera mumtsuko amatha kubwezeretsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito kupondaponda poponda. Kuwala kwamadzi kumachitika kuchokera pansi pa chachitatu, koma osati kuchokera pansi (kudzera mu crane 1): Madzi oyeretsa kwambiri amadziunjikira apa. Imalowa m'malo opondera kudzera pa crane 3 ndipo kuchokera pamenepo kudzera pa tee ndi crane 5 imapita ku kachitidwe.
Dongosolo Lalikulu limaperekanso dongosolo loyeretsa. Pankhaniyi, crane 2 ndi crane 5 yatsekedwa, crane 2 ndi crane (crane 2 ndi crane)) zoponya pansi ndi malo otsetsereka omwe ndi otsetsereka. Pambuyo pa mpweya unachotsedwa, muyenera kutsitsa madzi oyenera kuti muzimutsuka mapaipi onse. Pokhapokha pokhapokha madzi oyera akamalowa mu chimbudzi, nyama zonse zitha kubwezeretsedwanso pamalo ake oyambirirawo.
Njira ina yokonza kuyeretsedwa kwamadzi
Mutha kuwerenga za machitidwe a kuthirira pano.
Makina oyeretsera madzi akuchokera bwino ndi manja awo
Chimodzi mwazomwe mungayeretse madzi opangira madzi kuchokera ku bwino pogwiritsa ntchito njira yoyeserera imawonetsedwa mu chithunzi pansipa. Pali magawo awiri a kuyeretsa madzi ambiri ndikuchotsa zosafunikira zonse. Kufunika kwa gawo lachiwiri kumatsimikiziridwa chifukwa cha kukonza gawo loyamba: sikuti nthawi zonse amakhala okhutiritsa. Kubwereza mobwerezabwereza kumatha kuthandiza pamenepa, koma izi si njira yokhayo yotulutsira: mutha kuyika chimodzi mwazosefera. Zitha kuthana bwino ndi ntchitoyo, ndipo sizingamveke.Dongosolo loyeretsa madzi awiri
Mu mawonekedwe awa, madzi kuchokera pachitsime amaperekedwa kudzera mu heater kuti asambe. Chifukwa chake, chopindulitsa cha oxgen choyambira choyambirira chimachitika. Palinso sprayer yomiza kuchokera ku cutarium compresser. Mlingo wamadzi umayendetsedwa ndi kusinthana kumayamwa (komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera madzi mu dziwe). Mu gawo lotsika la thankiyo pali bomba la kukhetsa kwa zinthu zoyipa.
Kuyambira mu mphamvu yoyamba, kuwotcha madzi kumachitika monga m'mbuyomu, kuyambira pansi pa chachitatu. Dongosolo limakonzedwa chimodzimodzi. Kuchokera pamenepo, madzi amatha kudyetsedwa ku Fyuluta ya kumaliza kuyeretsa ndi kusachita zinthu, kenako amasudzula nyumbayo.
Chitsanzo china cha dongosolo loyeretsa madzi kuchokera pachitsime, onani kanemayo.
Malangizo oyeretsa oyeretsa madzi
Ngati timalankhula za masinthidwe okhudzana ndi anthu, kuyeretsa madzi pachitsime, nthawi zambiri kugwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo ndi njira. Nazi zolemba:
Ndimachotsa zotsika mtengo komanso zosavuta. Ndili ndi thanki ya 120 lita. Ndimanunkhiza ndi ma gramu 7-10 mmalo mwake, kenako maola 4-5 ndimaliza compressor kuchokera ku maquarium ndikupereka 3 koloko. Kenako madzi amadyetsa ku fyuluta ndi cartridge pa 2 Mitrons, ndipo kuchokera pamenepo kale m'dongosolo. Njirayi yopangidwa mdziko muno. Ndimasintha chidutswacho kamodzi pamwezi. Mnzake kunyumba adapanga njira zingapo - pofika malita 500. Pali mitundu iwiri yoponderezana kwa maola 12. Ngati mukuwonjezera mphamvu zawo, nthawi ikhoza kuchepetsedwa.
Izi zikuwoneka ngati luso lalikulu la madzi okhala ndi mpweya mu mtundu wanyumba: kuthirira kwa mzimu, komwe madzi amayenda. Kungokweza ndikokwera kwambiri, kotero mpweya wabwino umagwidwa
Njira yachiwiri siyosangalatsa:
Ndinkayenda kuchokera ku mchenga wambiri ndipo ndimagwiritsa ntchito zambiri ndipo "amakoka" zinyalala zonse. Ndinathetsa kukhazikitsa kwa Fyuluta. Kaseweredwe kanthawi kochepa (atasamba atakhala osayenera), ndipo adalowa zipolopolo. Ena amatsanulira crub crumb. Ikugwiranso ntchito. Gawo laling'ono lokha lomwe silikufunika laling'ono, koma lidzatsekeredwa. Ndipo ine ndimakhala ndi thanki yowomba (yowuma), ndipo itatha icho chikafafanizira kale zomwe ziwiri sizingatheke. Fyuluta yomaliza ndimamva mtengo ndi barm wowopsa. Ili ndi crane yotsuka. Chifukwa chake kamodzi m'masabata angapo ine ndine banki yanga, ndipo muyenera kusintha pazaka zitatu.
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