Uma amanzi enikezwa indlu evela emthonjeni, kudinga ukuhlanzwa. Isihlabathi, ubumba, insimbi, i-manganese, ama-nitrate, amagciwane, i-hydrogen sulfide - lokhu akulona uhlu oluphelele lokuthi yini engeka kulo. Ngokuya ngezinga lokungcola, imishini ikhethiwe - ama-sumps, ama-aerators, izihlungi. Ukuze izihlungi zokuhlanza amanzi ezivela emthonjeni zikhethwe kahle, kudingeka ukuhlaziya kwamakhemikhali, futhi kufiseleka ukuthunyelwa: kuzokwazi ukukhetha imishini yokuhlanza.
Izinyathelo Zokuhlanza
Ukuhlanza Amanzi kusuka ekuphambukeni kahle ngezigaba eziningana:
- Ukuhlanzwa kokuqala. Kulesi sigaba, ukungcola kwamambala aphakanyiswe emthonjeni kuyasuswa emanzini - isihlabathi, ubumba oluncibilikile, olunye izinhlayiya zemishini. Lokhu kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili: izihlungi ezihlanganisiwe noma ama-sumps. Kuyinto engathandeki kakhulu ukushiya lesi sigaba: izinhlayiya ezinkulu zisheshe zivale izihlungi zokuhlanza okuhle futhi zingabaphule.
- Ukususwa kwensimbi, i-magnesium kanye nokunye ukungcola kwamakhemikhali namagesi.
- Ukuthambisa ukususwa kosawoti ngendlela ye-Ion Exchange, kanti usawoti uwela esihlambelini futhi izinsalela zazo zisuswa esigabeni esilandelayo.
- Ukuhlanza okuncane kanye nokubulala amagciwane. Kulesi sigaba, ukuhlanzwa kwemvelo kwama-microorganisms namagciwane kwenzeka. Futhi izihlungi ezinhle zihlaziywa izinhlayiya ezinhle.
- Ukulungiselela ukuphuza. Kulesi sigaba, izihlungi ezisebenza ngomgomo we-reverse osmosis zivame ukubeka. Kuphela ingxenye yoketshezi, oluya ekuphekeni noma ekuphuzeni ngakubo.
Amazinga Ehlukile Wokuphuza Amanzi
Kuzo zombili lezi zinyathelo, inani lezinyathelo zokuhlanza linqunywa ngokusekelwe ekuhlaziyeni kwamanzi emthonjeni. Uma okuqukethwe kwanoma yiziphi izinto zedlula okujwayelekile, izindlela zokunciphisa ukugxila kanye nemishini yazo kwalokhu kukhethiwe.
Mayelana nohlelo lwe-autoPolivation lungafundwa lapha.
Ungahlanza kanjani amanzi emzimbeni kusuka esihlabathini
Ukususwa kwesihlabathi noma izinhlayiya zobumba, yla, ezinye izinhlayiya ezinkulu zenzeka kusihlungi, zehliswe emthonjeni. Lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa izihlungi ezilula zemishini - i-lamellar noma i-sandy futhi ushayele lesi sigaba - isinyathelo sokuhlanza esinzima.Uma kunokumiswa okuningi, awukwazi ukukwenza ngesihlungi esisodwa: izovalwa ngokushesha. Okusebenzayo ukubeka uhlelo namaseli osayizi abahlukahlukene. Isibonelo, amanzi asuka emthonjeni awela isihlungi ngezinhlayiya ezifika ku-100 μm ngosayizi, bese kufakwa isihlungi ngezinga elithile lokuhlanza ama-micron afinyelela kwayi-20. Bazosusa cishe bonke ukungcola kwemishini.
Izinhlobo zezihlungi
Izihlungi zama-coarse yilezi: mesh, cassette (cartridge) noma eziwayo. I-mesh imvamisa ifakwa emthonjeni. Ziyipayipi elingenalutho elibubanzi obuncane kune-Wellbore. Ezindongeni zepayipi, izimbobo ziyakhiwa noma ziyenziwa slit (ukwakheka kwezimbobo kuncike emhlabathini), ucingo lulimele kusuka phezulu, negridi ikhona. Iseli legridi likhethwa ngokuya ngohlobo lwenhlabathi ye-aquifer: Kufanele libambezele inqwaba yokungcola futhi ngasikhathi sinye hhayi ukuvalwa. Kulesi sigaba, ukungcola okukhulu kakhulu kuyabambezeleka, okungalimaza nephampu. Kepha ingxenye yezinhlayiya eziqinile isakavukile ebusweni. Zisuswa kwinqubo yokuhlanza okunye.
Izihlungi ze-Mesh zifakiwe emthonjeni. Bahlunga isihlabathi nokunye ukungcola kwama-coarse
Kwesinye isikhathi faka isihlungi emthonjeni akunakwenzeka. Lapho-ke konke ukuhlanza kudluliswa ebusweni. Ukuhlanzwa kwamanzi kusuka emthonjeni kulokhu, kusetshenziswa amakhasethi noma izihlungi zokulahla. Ikhasethi yi-cartridge elingena esikhundleni - uhlelo lwe-membrane, namalahle achotshoziwe, nokunye okunjalo. okuhlalisa isihlabathi nokunye ukungcoliswa okukhulu.
Ngezikhathi ezithile, ama-cartridge ahlanganisiwe futhi adinga ukuguqulwa. I-periodicity incike ngezinga lokungcola kwamanzi kanye nokuqina kokusetshenziswa kwalo. Kwesinye isikhathi ikhabhothi elilodwa livalwa ngokushesha. Kulokhu, kunengqondo ukubeka izihlungi ezimbili ezinamazinga ahlukene wokuhlanza. Isibonelo, ukubambezeleka kokuqala okubambezeleka kuma-microns ayi-100, futhi ume ngemuva kwawo kufika kuma-20 microns. Ngakho-ke amanzi azoba ahlanzekile futhi ama-cartridge kuzofanela aguqulwe kaningi.
Enye yezinhlobo zama-cartridges wokuhlunga wamanzi endlini yangasese
Ezihlunga ezigelezayo esitsheni, okokuhlunga ngobuningi - isihlabathi, igobolondo elichotshoziwe, ama-firtrate akhethekile (ngokwesibonelo, athululelwa esitsheni. Isihlungi se-mechanical esilula kunazo zonke siyibha yesihlabathi enomsebenzi ovuthayo. I-nuance eyodwa: Uma kunenani elikhulu lensimbi encibilikisiwe, kungcono ukulala i-filtrate ekhethekile, futhi kuyinto eyisidina exidize insimbi encibilikisiwe kanye no-manganese, ibaphoqe ukuthi bawele ekuweni.
Ngokuya ngosayizi wezinhlayiya zokukhungatheka zesihlungi esinjalo, kunalokho izinhlayiya ezincane zingabambezeleka. Kwesinye isikhathi kunezihlungi ezimbili ezinjalo zilandelana, kuphela ngokugcwaliswa okuhlukile - okokuqala, amanzi awela kulowo lapho i-filtrate inosayizi omkhulu, khona-ke ngokugcwaliswa okuncane. Izihlungi zenqwaba zokuhlanzwa kwamanzi kusuka emthonjeni zilungile ngoba zidinga ukushintshwa kokubuyiselwa emuva eminyakeni emithathu. Futhi ngalokhu bayehluka kwi-lamellar, isihlungi sazo kumele siguqulwe kaningi: Kwesinye isikhathi kanye ngenyanga, kwesinye isikhathi - kanyekanye.
Kepha ukuze ukuhlanza ngesihlungi esiwayo kuyasebenza, badinga ukugcwala ngezikhathi ezithile kwe-filtrate. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngokugcwala kuphela ama-cranes kuphela nokuvula abanye. Kulokhu, amanzi angena kolunye uhlangothi, ancike inani eliyinhloko lemvula eqoqiwe.
Umgomo wokuhlanzwa kwamanzi isihlungi esiwayo
Isibonelo soMkhandlu Wokuhlunga okune-2 okulandelanayo kokuhlanza amanzi kusuka ekungcoleni kwama-coarse kubona kuvidiyo.
Ungayenza kanjani i-venter yokuhlanza kahle ingafundwa lapha.
Ungawahlanza kanjani amanzi e-iron kahle
Inkinga evame kakhulu ngamanzi aphakanyiswe kusuka ku-Wells okuqukethwe kwensimbi edlulile. Uma sikhuluma ngezindinganiso zokuhlanzeka, khona-ke izinga lensimbi elivumelekile emanzini lingu-0,3 mg / l. Uma okuhlushwa kunyuka, ukunambitheka okuthile kuvela. Lapho okuqukethwe kwensimbi, ngaphezulu kwe-1 mg / l kuyahlukahluka okuvele kunemibala - ngemuva kokuxazulula okufushane, i-reddish yesimilo - uRusty - umthunzi uvele.Yemininingwane ethembekile ekuveleni kwe-pathology noma ukuthuthukiswa kwanoma yiziphi izifo ekusetshenzisweni kwamanzi ngenani lensimbi akulungile, kepha iziphuzo nokudla zikude nokubukeka okuhle nokunambitheka. Kepha amanzi anjalo angasiza nge-hemoglobin encishisiwe egazini, uma uzowuphuza ngokwanele. Kodwa-ke, amanzi avela ensimbi ahlanzwa kaningi, futhi, okungenani, emazingeni alanga. Isizathu - I-Iron ifakwa emishini yasendlini, okuvame ukubangelwa ukwehluleka kwayo. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemishini yokususa insimbi emanzini.
Buyisela emuva i-osmosis
Lokhu mhlawumbe kuyindlela ephumelela kunazo zonke: cishe zonke izinhlayiya ziyasuswa. Kule mishini yokuhlanza amanzi, kukhona ulwelwesi olukhethekile opqa ama-molecule we-H2O kuphela. Zonke ezinye zixazululwa kusihlungi. Uhlelo olukhethekile lokuhlanza likuvumela ukuthi ususe ngokuzenzakalelayo ukungcoliswa okuqongelelwe okukhishwe emgodini wendle noma umgodi.
Umgomo wokusebenza kohlelo lwe-Osmosis Reverse: Ukuhlanza ulwelwesi olukhethekile lwamanzi
I-Reverse Osmosis isusa i-iron kuphela, kepha zonke ezinye izinto ezincibilikisiwe emanzini. Inkinga yizinhlayiya ezingafakwanga, kufaka phakathi isihlabathi kanye nensimbi ye-trivallent (ukugqwala): bathola izihlungi. Uma unenombolo enkulu yalokhu kungcola, kukhona izihlungi zama-coarse (ezichazwe ngenhla) ngaphambi kwemishini ye-osmosis ephambene. Enye i-nuance: Le mishini ifakwa epayipi lamanzi futhi isebenza ngaphansi kwengcindezi ethile.
Isibonelo sohlelo lokuhlanza kahle kusuka emthonjeni ohlunga ngaphambi kokuhlanza kanye nohlelo lwe-osmosis ukulungiselela amanzi okuphuza. Ithangi le-membrane liyadingeka ukudala ingcindezi engapheli ohlelweni.
Noma kunjalo, ukungathandeki okuyinhloko kohlelo olunjalo yizindleko zalo eziphakeme, futhi izihlungi zithule futhi zidinga ukuzishintsha mayelana nokufakwa kwe-cartridge (kanye noma ezinyangeni ezintathu). Ngoba imvamisa le mishini ifakwa ukulungiselela amanzi okuphuza - afakwe ngaphansi kwesinki, susa i-crane ehlukile futhi usebenzise kuphela ukuphuza noma ukupheka kuphela. Ukuhlanza wonke amanzi - ngezidingo zobuchwepheshe - sebenzisa ezinye izindlela nezindlela.
Izihlungi zokuhlanzwa kwamanzi kusuka ku-Ion Exchange Resins
Kudivayisi, ziyefana kakhulu nama-cartridge, kepha kukhona izihlungi ezikhethekile ezinama-resins kuzo, okuyinsimbi ethathelwa indawo nge-sodium. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuthambisa amanzi kwenzeka: I-Magnesium ne-potassium ion nayo iyahlotshaniswa. Le mishini inezinhlobo eziningi zamadivayisi. Ngemiqulu emincane, izihlungi zamakhedi zifanelekile, ngoba zingezona nezihlungo zekholomu ezanele zifakiwe, ezinganikeza amanzi ahlanzekile ngesilinganiso esicocekile sokugeleza. Kungakho-ke, lapho ukhetha izihlungi nemishini yokuhlanza amanzi kusuka emthonjeni, kusasetshenziswa okuphakathi nangokuphezulu: ukukhetha ukusebenza okulungile.
Ama-Ion Exchange Resins athathe indawo yezinto eziyingozi zokungathathi hlangothi
Ukususa insimbi kusuka kumanzi
Izihlungi zokuhlanzwa kwamanzi kusuka kahle ziyasebenza, kepha hhayi imishini eshibhile. Kungenzeka ukuxazulula inkinga kalula: nge-aeration. Iqiniso ukuthi i-Iron ikhona emanzini ngezindlela ezimbili: ukwakheka okubilisiwe kwe-bivalent futhi ukuwela i-sediment kungukuvukela. Umgomo we-aeration ususelwa ekungeneni komoya-mpilo emanzini, okuthi i-iron yensimbi engenamandla ancibilike emanzini ukuze i-trivalent, ewela isisekelo ngendlela yokugcwala okugcwele. Ngaphezu kokugqwala, le ndlela isusa i-manganese, i-hydrogen sulfide (inika iphunga lamaqanda abolile), i-ammonia.Ingcindezelo ye-Acoration
Kudivayisi, ama-Aerators angahlukaniswa abe yi-non-on futhi asebenze ngaphansi kwengcindezi. Umfutho wengcindezi uqukethe ikholomu ye-aeration kanye ne-compressor epompa umoya. Engxenyeni engenhla yekholomu kukhona i-valve ye-othomathikhi esusa umoya osele. Amanzi angawela kuwo, ngakho-ke ixhumeke ohlelweni lwendle.
Indlela yokuhlanzwa kwamanzi kusuka ngensimbi ngosizo lwengcindezelo ye-aeration
Amanzi avaliwe kusuka engxenyeni yesithathu yekholomu ye-aeration, kepha hhayi phansi kakhulu, ngoba ukuncipha okungaphansi kwemvelo kuqongelela phansi - umphumela wokuhlanzwa. Uhlelo lufakiwe kuphela lapho kukhona ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi. Kulokhu, okuphumayo yinzwa yokugeleza. Lapho nje i-crane itholwe, i-comprescer yavulwa, yavalwa, yacishwa.
Ingcindezelo ye-aoration nayo akuyona into ebishibhile. Kepha kuyadingeka uma okuqukethwe kwensimbi noma ezinye izitha zedlulele ngezikhathi ezingama-30 noma ngaphezulu. Ngaphandle kwalokho, awukwazi ukuqeda inani elinjalo lokungcola: izihlungi zizobe zigqoke ngokushesha okukhulu.
Izinhlelo zokwelashwa okungenamanzi zamanzi
Uhlobo lwesibili lwe-aeration system akuyona ingcindezi. Inesiqukathi esikhulu lapho amanzi evikelwe khona. Umthamo wesitsha usuka kumalitha ayi-600, kodwa nhlobo kuncike ekusetshenzisweni kwamanzi: Akufanele kube khona okungaphezulu kuka-50-60% wevolumu ekhona ukuze i-sediment ihlala phansi.
Amanzi esitsheni anikezwa ngokushesha emthonjeni. Izinga lamanzi lingalawulwa izinzwa - ezingeni elingezansi neliphezulu noma, njengasesithombeni, ukushintshwa kokuntanta kwephampu yeBorehole. Ukuvikela uhlelo kusuka ekuchitheni ngenhla nje kweleveli elibucayi, kwenziwa i-nozzle yokukhipha amanzi. Kungaya ku-drainage noma uhlelo lwendle. Kubalulekile ukuthi kukhona izinzwa ezibukwayo ukuthi amanzi ethangi athayiphe kakhulu.
Isistimu ye-ANORN ENDRALE EMAHHALA yokuhlanza amanzi emthonjeni kusuka kwinsimbi, i-manganese, okunye ukungcola kanye namagesi ancibilikisiwe
Uhlelo olunjalo lusebenza kanjena: kuya ezingeni elidingekayo ethangi, amanzi atholakala, ngemuva kwalokho iphampu licishiwe. Ukuhlanza amanzi, i-compressor ivuliwe (ingaba namandla ama-aquariums), okunikeza umoya ethangini. Kusatshalaliswa nge-divider, okucishe kube yingxenye yokujula.
Ukuqinisekisa ukucindezela okungapheli ohlelweni, amanzi avela esitsheni angabuyiselwa kusetshenziswa isiteshi sokupompa. Ukufudumala kwamanzi kwenzeka kusuka kwengxenye yesithathu, kepha hhayi kusuka ezansi (ngokusebenzisa i-crane 1): Amanzi ahlanzekile aqongelela lapha. Ingena esiteshini sokupompa ngokusebenzisa i-crane 3 futhi ukusuka lapho nge-tee ne-crane 5 iya ohlelweni.
Uhlelo olungenhla luhlinzeka ngohlelo lokuhlanza. Kulokhu, i-crane 2 ne-crane 5 ivaliwe, i-crane 2 kanye ne-crane 4. Ukudonsela phansi kulesi sikhundla sezinto zokukhiya kuhlanganiswe ohlelweni lwendle noma lokudonsa amanzi. Ngemuva kokuthi ama-precipitates asuswe, udinga ukwehlisa inani elithile lamanzi ahlanzekile ukuze uhlanze kahle wonke amapayipi. Kuphela lapho amanzi ehlanzekile engena emthundweni wendle, wonke ama-cranes angabuyiselwa esimweni sawo sokuqala.
Enye indlela yokuhlela ukuhlanzwa kwamanzi kusuka ku-Well
Ungafunda ngezinhlelo zokunisela ngenkasa lapha.
Izinhlelo zokuhlanza amanzi ezivela ezinhlakeni zazo
Enye yezinketho zokuhlanzwa kwamanzi okwenziwe ekhaya kusuka emthonjeni usebenzisa indlela ye-aeration kuboniswa esithombeni esingezansi. Kunezinyathelo ezimbili zokuhlanza zokuhlanzwa kwamanzi okuphelele nokususwa kwakho konke ukungcola. Isidingo sesigaba sesibili sinqunywa ngokususelwa emiphumeleni yokuhlanza isigaba sokuqala: hhayi njalo ikhwalithi igceke. Ukuphindaphinda okuphindaphindiwe kungasiza kulokhu, kepha lokhu akuyona ukuphela kwendlela yokuphuma: ungabeka enye yezihlungi. Izobhekana kahle nalo msebenzi, futhi ngeke ivalwe.Uhlelo lokuhlanza lwamanzi amabili kusuka ku-Well
Kulesi simo, amanzi avela emthonjeni anikezwa ngokushisa eshawa. Ngakho-ke, ukucebisa okuphambili komoya-mpilo kwenzeka. Kukhona futhi isifutho esigxilile kusuka ku-aquarium compressor. Izinga lamanzi lilawulwa isishintshi sokuntanta (esisetshenziselwa ukulawula amanzi echibini). Engxenyeni engezansi yethangi kukhona empompini we-drain yezinto ezivelele.
Ukusuka endaweni yokuqala, ukufudumala kwamanzi kwenzeka njengasenguqulweni esedlule, kusuka phansi kwesithathu. Uhlelo luhlelwe ngendlela efanayo. Ukusuka lapho, amanzi angenziwa isihlungi sokuhlanza kanye nokubulala amagciwane, bese ehlukanisa indlu.
Esinye isibonelo sohlelo lokuhlanza amanzi okwenziwe ekhaya kusuka emthonjeni, bheka ividiyo.
Izeluleko ezihlanzayo zokuhlanzwa kwamanzi
Uma sikhuluma ngezinhlelo ezenziwe ekhaya, ukuhlanza amanzi kusuka emthonjeni, bese kuvame ukusebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene nezindlela. Nazi ezinye izingcaphuno:
Ngisusa i-iron eshibhile futhi elula. Nginethangi lamathatha ayi-120. Ngiphunga ama-gramu ayi-7-10 kalamula kuwo, bese kuthi amahora angama-4-5 ngishaya i-compressor kusuka e-aquarium futhi nginikeze ihora lesithathu. Ngemuva kwalokho amanzi adla kuhlungi nge-cartridge kuma-microns ama-2, futhi ukusuka lapho sekuvele kuhlelo. Le ndlela eyenziwe ezweni. Ngishintsha isihlungi kanye ngenyanga. Umngani ekhaya wenza uhlelo ngaphezulu - ngamalitha angama-500. Kunabacindezeli ababili amahora angu-12. Uma ukhulisa amandla abo, isikhathi singancishiswa.
Lokhu kubukeka njengokucebisa okuyisisekelo kwamanzi ngo-oksijini enguqulo eyenziwe ekhaya: ukuchelela umphefumulo, lapho amanzi egeleza. Ukuphakamisa kuphela okungcono kakhulu, ngakho-ke umoya-mpilo utholwe kakhudlwana
Inketho yesibili ayithokozi kahle:
Ngihambe ngisuka emthonjeni isihlabathi esiningi futhi il: nginokusebenzisa okuningi futhi "kudonsela" yonke imfucumfucu. Ngixazulule ukufakwa kwesihlungi. Ama-cassestetha wendabuko kuphela (ngemuva kokuthi isihlungi saba esingafanele), futhi sawaketha amagobolondo achotshoziwe kuwo. Abanye bathululela imvuthuluka yemabula. Kusebenza kahle. Ingxenyena kuphela ayidingeki encane, kepha izovalwa ngokushesha. Futhi-ke nginethangi ngokushaya (aeration), futhi ngemuva kokuthi sekuyisihlungi esisusa iqiniso lokuthi amabili okuqala awakwazanga. Isihlungi sokugcina nginogongolo nge-barm eyethusayo. Ine-crane yokugeza. Ngakho-ke kanye emavikini ambalwa ngisemuva, futhi udinga ukuyishintsha eminyakeni emithathu.
Isihloko ngesihloko: iphepha lokunamathisela odongeni efulethini: Izithombe ezingama-35 zezangaphakathi