Iko kuita kweiyo kongiri yekugadzirisa zvinoenderana nehunhu hwekushanda hunhu hwekuvakwa. Chinhu chikuru chinodiwa kuConcrete musanganiswa simba rekumanikidza. Iyo yakayerwa mumakirogiramu ekiritsi centimeter (kg / cm2) kana mu megapasters (mpa). Maererano nezviratidzo izvi, zvinyorwa zvinopihwa chiratidzo (m) uye kirasi (b).
Maka - Kuwedzeredzwa Kwazvo Kwazvo Pane Kirasi. Mune simende-kongiri mishonga, chikamu chakasiyana chemhando, kubva kuM15 uye kupera naM1000. Asi mukuvakwa kwekugara kazhinji hakusi kupfuura gumi. Iyo chiratidzo inoshandiswa mumirairo yekuraira.
Iyo manhamba ari muchiratidzo zvakanyanya, kongiri yakasimba. Semuenzaniso, M250 ine simba re262 kg / cm2, uye m350 - 327 kg / cm2.
Kirasi - yakayerwa mu megapascals (mpa). Ivo vari 21 kubva B3.5 kusvika b80. Asi, sekunge nemhando, dzine gumi nemaviri dzinozivikanwa. Iyi showa inoshandiswa mubato rebasa.
Imwe neimwe mhando inogona kuenzana kune yakatarwa kirasi uye zvinopesana.
Kuti kuve nyore kweRatio kune tafura:
Kuongorora kwekumanikidza kunoitika mubharasha nemidziyo yakakosha - muchina wevashandi. Kuti uone sampuli yekongiri yechando concrete muchimiro chechidimbu chidiki kana cylinder inotora. Samples Samples dzinounganidzwa pazuva rechinomwe - mushure mekudururwa kwechidimbu, uye kwemazuva makumi maviri nemasere mushure mekunzwisisa zvakakwana. Ivo vanoiswa mumuchina uye zvishoma nezvishoma vanowedzera kudzvinyirira kusvikira kuparadzwa kwakazara. Iko kukosha kwakonzera pachiratidziro uye kuchave simba rekumanikidza.
Kune zvakare mhando dzakavanzika dzekutsvaga:
- Elastic Rebound;
- Ultrasound;
- nzira yekuparadzanisa;
- kuputika.
Pamwe nemabatiro akasiyana siyana enzira.
Nenzira yekutanga, iro simba rekudzoreredza bhora resimbi kubva pamusoro pekongiri rinoyerwa uchishandisa zviyero zviridzwa: Schmidt's nyundo kana scrlometer.
Chinyorwa pane iyo nyaya: Iwo makuru mhando dzemadziro eimba yekutandarira
Simba rinoongororwa maererano nedata iro rinoratidza chigadzirwa chechiridzwa.
Yeiyo yechipiri nzira, ultrsound metres anoshandiswa. Inogona kuve kuburikidza uye ruzha rwepamusoro. Iyo yekupedzisira-kusvika-yekupedzisira chiyero inoshandiswa kana paine mukana wekubatanidza vatendeuki pakatarisana, semuenzaniso, kumakoramu. Nenzira iyi, kumhanya kwekupfuura mafungu kuburikidza nezvinyorwa zvinotemwa. Ruzha rwepasi rwunorondedzerwa neyekupararira nguva nenguva mukati mekongiri. Mamita anoiswa kumusoro.
Munguva yekuyedza, nzira yekuparadzanisa inoyerwa nekushanda kwakabatanidzwa mukuparadzaniswa kwechikamu chekongiri. Kuti uite izvi, glue simbi dhisiki kana kuisa anchor uye nekukanda yakabatana neyekuyera mudziyo. Nyorera zvakakwana kuedza kwekuparadza kuparadzwa.
Nzira yekukanganisa inosanganisira kuenzanisa kwemaprints akasara mushure mekurova kweiyo fidhazel nyundo kana nyundo yekashkarova. Nenzira iyi, tora muenzaniso uine simba rinozivikanwa uye siya zororo pariri uchishandisa chishandiso. Ipapo kune matsime akafanana akati wandei pane pamusoro pechinhu. Pakupedzisira enzanisa iyo avhareji kukosha kwedzakadzika kana dhayimendi yemaprita nemwero. Zvichienderana neiyi data, simba rakatsunga.
Iko kusarudzwa kwenzira yakatarwa kunoenderana nerudzi rwekongiri midziyo uye mikana yekuitisa zvimwe zviyero. Chinyorwa ichi chinotsanangura chete nzira dzekutanga, asi dzichiri dzakasiyana-siyana dzaunogona kuwana mumamiriro ezvinhu epakati: Goost 10180-90, GADA 17624-2012 uye GoST 22690-2015.