Umnqweno wobuqu uthulule abantu kwizisombululo ezixabisa kakhulu. Omnye wabo kukhulise indawo yokuphucula indawo. Olu hlobo lokuphuculwa aluchaphazeli indawo yokuhlala yamagumbi. Izigqibo ezingachanekanga ziya kuchaphazela ubuthathaka beziseko zenkxaso zesakhiwo. Yintoni enokwazi, emva koko, ukubangela ingozi.
Ke ngoko, kweli nqaku siza kujonga:
- ubuhle;
- iyasebenza;
- Ukwakhiwa.
Ithandaza ngokutsha ngokutsha, kumzekelo wegumbi elinegumbi legumbi lokulala kwiNdlu yePaneli.
Jonga izindlu zepaneli
Ukwakha ezo zakhiwo zaqala kwiminyaka engama-60. Iipaneli zevoluli ziye zancitshiswa kakhulu amagama olwakhiwo. Ngelo xesha, ugqatso lwexesha elimiselweyo yayingunobangela wobusebenzi obumgangatho ophantsi. Kuba ezo zindlu azifani:
- intuthuzelo;
- ubume obucingayo;
- ubushushu;
- ubuchule bokukroba amanzi.
Uyilo luphawu lweekholamu, kunye neebhulukhwe ezifakwe kuzo.
Iipleyiti zixhonywe kwizakhiwo zeBell, ziyinto yokuxhasa.
Ukwahlulahlulahlulo lwangaphakathi kumakhaya ohlobo lwenziwe ngezitena. Ukufakwa, rhoqo, kwenziwa kwi-bite enye. Ke ngoko, ukufuduswa kwesandi esiphantsi yenye yeengxaki zeqela lepaneli. Kwakhona, ukuva kakuhle kubonelela ngeemveliso zekhonkrithi.
Enye yeengongoma ezibaluleke kakhulu kukumiselwa kweendonga nge-digidity diaphragms. Kwezi zinto zesakhiwo, izitokhwe zokukhusela isakhiwo ukusuka kwizigqibo eziguqukayo nezinde.
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwenkxaso enjalo kunokukhokelela ekuphulukaneni nokuqina.
Ukuhonjiswa ngokutsha
Ukuphakanyiswa ngokutsha kwendlu yegumbi amathathu iqala ngokuqokelelwa kwamaxwebhu. Kuyimfuneko ukufumana okanye ukuthatha isicwangciso sokwakha kwaye ubone indawo yezinto zenkxaso.
Indima ebalulekileyo kule nqanaba idlalwa yi-ventilations strooke. Zikwiindonga zezitena, zenye yezona ndawo zisesichengeni kwinxalenye yepaneli.
Akunakwenzeka ukutshabalalisa ii-ventkanals nangayiphi na indlela. Zibekelwe ukuphakama ngokupheleleyo kwesakhiwo, ukuba likhonkco phakathi kwamagumbi. Igadalele kumgangatho ofanayo, uya kukhokelela ku:
- Ukuphulukana nokudakumba;
- ukunyathela;
- Ukusebenza kwejelo;
- ukunyamalala ukuhamba komoya;
- Kwamanye amagumbi.
Inqaku ngesihloko: Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba uglue iphepha lodonga lwePhilizelin kwiphepha lokufowuna?
Ukuba uceba ukutshintshela kwigumbi lokuhlambela, u-ventila onyanzelekileyo uyaneliseka. Inokuqhagamshelwa kwindawo ekhoyo okanye eboniswe emngxunyeni eludongeni.
Ngezicwangciso eziqokelelweyo:
- umgangatho ophantsi;
- amagumbi;
- uvelwano;
- igesi yegesi;
- ukuntywila.
Kuyimfuneko ukunxibelelana neofisi yeprojekthi. Nokuba ungenelelo oluncinci oluzimeleyo kwingqibelelo yezixhobo kunokukhokelela kwintlekele. Yintoni esinokuncokola ngokutshalwa komhlaba ngamagumbi!
Injineli yoMyiki kufuneka ichaze yonke "iminqweno eqingqiweyo yomthengi. Ngokweziphumo zokuhlolwa kwemizobo kunye nendawo yokulungiswa kwexesha elizayo, kuya kwenza izigqibo malunga nokuphumeza isigqibo. Mhlawumbi ekuqaleni ukuthathwa ngokutsha kuya kutshintsha utshintsho ngenxa yokungathembeki kobuchwephesha.
Emva kokuvuma ngombono osisiseko, injineli kufuneka iyenza le projekthi. Ngokusekwe kwimvume yayo malunga nabasemagunyeni baya kwenziwa.
Ngamanye amaxesha, le projekthi ayivunyelwanga. Isizathu SUYIWEYO:
- Isifundo sokungafundeki;
- inqanaba likaxakeka lesakhiwo;
- Ixabiso eliphezulu lembali lokwakha.
Kodwa, rhoqo, isigqibo esanelisayo sokuphinda-phinda kwakhona kwiNdlu yePaneli yamkelwa.
Ukwandiswa kwekhitshi
Enye yeengxaki zezindlu zephaneli ye-compact, ukuba akuthethi ukuba lo mgangatho, amagumbi. Ngokukodwa, ichaphazela indawo yekhitshi. Ewe kunjalo, kulula ukufikelela kuzo zonke iindonga kuhlala embindini, kodwa ndifuna ivolumu. Ke ngoko, olona ndawo iqhelekileyo kule ndawo kukudala ikhitshi.
Ukwenza oku, kuya kufuneka ukhuphele udonga phakathi kwekhitshi kunye negumbi elikufuphi.
Imimandla eyahlulelene ngokuvakalayo:
- amalungiselelo;
- igumbi lokutyela;
- Ukuzonwabisa.
Ungabulela kumaqhinga angelilo.
Elinye lamasebe yikhawuntari yebar. Ingacwangciswa ngokwahlukeneyo, emva kokuphazamisa ulwahlulo. Kwakhona, inokuba yinxalenye yodonga olungelulo olutshata.
Kwimeko yokuqala, isixhobo soyilo senziwe kwiiracks kunye nee-countertops. Njengoko kusetyenziswa iiracks:
- Iimveliso ezibekiweyo;
- Iilogo zeChrome;
- Imivalo yomthi.
Kwicala lesibini, i-countertop ifakwe kwintsalela yodonga. Olu khetho lungabizi kwaye luthembekile ngakumbi.
Ukwahlula-hlulwa ngenxa yenqanaba lomgangatho wegumbi elinamagumbi amathathu kuyathandwa kakhulu. Kwiimeko ezininzi, indawo yekhitshi yangaphambili yenziwa iphezulu kunendawo yonke.
Inqaku ngesihloko: Kutheni sidinga ukuqhubekisa kwenkuni ngokubengezela kunye neVarnish?
Unokwenza ihambo enjalo ngesixhobo sesamente. Ngesisombululo kumgangatho wekhitshi, ungabeka umgangatho ofudumeleyo. Ukunqongophala kokukhetha kubunzima bokwenzela ubunzima kwi-slab. Ukuba imveliso ayithembeki, kungcono ukuyiphepha. Ngokuhamba okukhulu, iipleyiti ezisisiseko kwiNdlu yePund kuya kufuneka zichithe izixhobo ezininzi, eziya kuthi zithintele.
Isisombululo sesibini, esinye isisombululo esikhanyayo, siya kuba phantsi kweelegs.
Kule meko, imivalo yeplanga ifakwe kumgangatho wakudala. Baye babanjiswa:
- Iibhodi;
- plywood;
- Amaphepha e-chipboard.
Umgangatho ungaba mnyama, ulandelwe lileminate okanye i-limollium, okanye i-chisto.
Dlulisa okanye ulungelelwaniso lwegumbi lokuhlambela
Iphaneli ye-khrushchev idume ngegumbi lokuhlambela lazo elincinci. Kwigumbi elinamagumbi amathathu elahlukileyo. Kodwa le nyaniso ayinenzi igalelo ekwenzeni kubemi. Ke ngoko, rhoqo, idityanisiwe, ukwanda kwinkqubo ngenxa yendawo:
- ikhitshi;
- Ipaseji;
- Pantry.
Kwimeko yokudibanisa unxibelelwano kuhlala kwiindawo zabo. Kuphela yindlela eyongezelelweyo kuphela yemibhobho kunye nezixhobo ziya kufuneka zibuyiselwe izixhobo zokwanda kwendawo eyandisiweyo.
Ukuba ukuphakanyiswa ngokutsha kubonelela ngokudluliselwa kwegumbi lokuhlambela, i-Wrills nge-phepe ye-pubi iya kuba nkulu.
- Okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukufumanisa ivolumu eyaneleyo yokuhlala zonke izixhobo;
- Kuya kufuneka ucwangcise isakhelo seindonga ezizayo. Kungcono ukwakha ngcono kune-ortional yabo yokufuma;
- Kwigumbi elitsha kubalulekile ukuba nithwale imibhobho. Zibekwe phantsi kwethambeka okanye zisebenzise inkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi amdaka. Isixhobo esixhotyiswe ngenjini kwaye i-shredder inegalelo kukuhamba kweendawo kunye nezinye ii-MALS ukuya kwi-Worging ekude endlwini.
Ngenxa yokufumana ngokutsha kwendlu yegumbi elinamagumbi amathathu, kunokuba yimfuneko ukwenza iiphaneli zemingxunya kunye nokuvulwa. Kule meko, kuyimfuneko ukomeleza iindawo ezibuthathaka kunye ne-jumpers. Babuyekeza ukuqiniswa kokuqiniswa, ukusasaza i-voltage.
Esona silula kwaye singachaphazeli uhlobo loxwebhu lokutshata ngokutsha kukufakwa kwezihluzo. Bangaba:
- i-plasterboard;
- Iglasi;
- iplastiki;
- ilaphu.
Inqaku lesihloko: I-primer ye-primenti yokufumana i-petitions yezinto ezahlukeneyo eziphantsi kweglue, ipeyinti, i-plut
Oku kuhlanjwa ngokutsha endlwini kunokuqhubeka ngaphandle kokuzibandakanya kweenjineli. Oku kuphelisa ukudalwa kweendleko ezibizayo nezifuna ukubiza iindleko zethutyana.