Abakhiqizi abahle kakhulu bezinhlaka zezangaphakathi? [Ukuqhathanisa]

Anonim

Namuhla kunemikhiqizo yezigaba zamanani entengo yesabelomali ezitolo. Vele, umthengi uhlala efuna ukuthenga iminyango njengeshibhile ngangokunokwenzeka, kodwa ikhwalithi enhle, umbuzo yindlela yokuhlanganisa imiqondo emibili? Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka iminyango emihle kakhulu yangaphakathi yokukhiqiza kwangaphandle nasekhaya, igxile kwimpendulo kanye nedumela lenkampani yabathengi.

Izinhlobo zeminyango yangaphakathi

Umnyango wezangaphandle udlala indima eholayo ekwakhekeni kokubukeka kwangaphandle kwendlu, njengoba kungahlobisa noma yiliphi igumbi. Ngokuya ngesitayela sesitayela esikhethiwe, i-canvas yomnyango ingenziwa ngokungathathi hlangothi noma okuphambene nalokho okuphikisanayo izithunzi ezinokufakwa kwengilazi noma izinto zoqobo zokuhlobisa. Kodwa-ke, inqubo esemqoka yokukhetha lolu hlobo lomkhiqizo isekhona ikhwalithi, impilo yesevisi ende kanye nokulula kokufakwa.

Iminyango esezingeni eliphakeme

Manje imiklamo yezinkuni ne-MDF ithandwa kakhulu, ihlukile ngokuthembekile kanye nokuphila kwenkonzo ende, kodwa futhi nomklamo wendawo yonke ozofanela noma yisiphi isitayela segumbi lokuhlala noma igumbi lokulala. Ngokuqondene nohlobo lokuhlanganisa, aphenduli hhayi kuphela ama-aesthetics emnyango, kodwa futhi nezimpawu zawo zokusebenza. Izinga lomnyango wangaphakathi liya ngqo ngokuya ngezinto zokwakha kanye nokuba yithemba lomenzi.

Impela amafektri amaningi aseRussia akhiqiza ukuhlukahluka komkhiqizo okulandelayo:

  1. I-Lamised;
  2. Eboshwe;
  3. Amamodeli avela ku-oki ye-oki, pine, i-beech.

Ama-canmated canvases, kanye neminyango ye-veneer inomklamo ofanayo. Siqukethe izinto eziningana eziyisisekelo:

  1. Uhlaka. Isebenzisa kakhulu ukumelana nokuguqulwa kwesihlahla sokhuni, kuthathwe izinhlobo zezingqinamba ezinokuqukethwe okuncane komswakama nezinsalela ze-resin. I-canvas isebenza kahle ngokucutshungulwa kahle kwezobuchwepheshe, ngemuva kwalokho ithunyelwe ukupenda noma ukumboza ngesendlalelo se-varnish.
  2. Amapuleti we-MDF ambozwe nge-veneer yemvelo noma esetshenzwe, ifilimu ekhethekile noma i-PVC. Njengoba kungabonakala, umehluko omkhulu wamamodeli we-lamonated no-devided ukuqeda ukunamathela.
  3. Ukugcwaliswa kokwakha. Iminyango engabizi kakhulu engaphakathi ayinakho ukugcwaliswa kwangaphakathi noma okugcwele amakhadibhodi asezingeni eliphansi. Imikhiqizo ebizayo ifakwe ojantshi abancane abaklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa ukufakwa komsindo. Amamodeli anjalo amelana kakhulu nokuvezwa kwemishini kanye nezici zezemvelo.

Iminyango ye-lamonated

Iminyango yezinkuni array inesakhiwo esihle (esiqinile), esinquma amandla nokuqina kwesakhiwo. Amafemu ahlukahlukene akhiqiza amaqoqo aphelele alolu hlobo lwemikhiqizo ehlanganiswe nesihloko esisodwa. Kodwa-ke, izindleko zemikhiqizo zishiya okuningi ukufiswa. Ngokusho kwesilinganiso somnyango wezangaphakathi we-2019, amamodeli wezinkuni ahlala endaweni eholayo ngokwesilinganiso kanye ne-premium class.

Iminyango ye-Premium

Yini okufanele uyinake lapho ukhetha ifektri?

Ochwepheshe kule ndawo babela izindlela eziningi ezibalulekile zokukhetha umenzi wemikhiqizo yonyango. Isilinganiso sonyaka seminyango engcono kakhulu yezangaphakathi isuselwa kule mikhakha:
  • Izindleko zokuba khona kwenkampani. Ukulungiswa kwefulethi kungcono ukuxhasa ochwepheshe, okufanayo kusebenza ekukhetheni komenzi. Njengombukiso wokuzijwayeza, amafemu anolwazi olukhulu anakekela ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo futhi agxile ezinkambisweni ze-gost.
  • Impendulo enhle nengemuhle. Lapho uthenga umnyango we-canvase, akufanele ugxile kuphela ekubukekeni nasedumeni lenkampani. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuba uzijwayeze kusengaphambili ngemibono yabathengi ebeqinisekiswe ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo njengemikhiqizo evela kulo mkhiqizi. Lokhu kungenziwa ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezithangami kulesi sihloko noma kumasayithi akhethekile anjenge- "Ozzovik". Ungashiya futhi imibono yakho, wabelane ngombono wakho ukusiza amakhasimende azayo ngokuzikhethela.

Isihloko ngesihloko: Iminyango emidala engaphakathi efana nentsha - izindlela ezilula zokuthuthukisa ngezandla zakho? | +55 Izithombe

  • Iwaranti (Ukukhishwa kwamakhuphoni wewaranti kanye neminye imibhalo yemikhiqizo). Uma ufuna ukuthenga umnyango wezangaphakathi wezangaphakathi kwenkampani yaseRussia, sincoma ukunaka iwaranti. Lapho isikhathi sewaranti sawawaranti yomkhiqizo, ikhuphuka izakhiwo zayo zobuchwepheshe nezokusebenza. Uma uthola ukulimala kwangaphandle kwiwebhu yonyango, ungahlala uthembele ekuhlunyelweni kwewaranti yamahhala.

Lokhu akuwona wonke amapharamitha okukhetha iminyango engcono kakhulu yangaphakathi. Izindlela ezingezekile zifaka amamodeli ahlukahlukene kwi-assortment of Factory, impahla yokukhiqiza impahla, izindleko zezimpahla, izimo zengqondo kubathengi, ukutholakala kwesitolo esiku-inthanethi ngisho nomklamo waso.

Kuvidiyo: Ungayikhetha kanjani umnyango wezangaphakathi osezingeni eliphakeme.

Abakhiqizi bezilinganiso

Ochwepheshe abaningi bayavuma ukuthi okungcono kakhulu emakethe yemikhiqizo yomnyango waseRussia kuyimikhiqizo evela eSpain, e-Italy naseFinland. Amamodeli ase-Italy ahlukaniswa umklamo oyingqayizivele, ikhwalithi enhle kakhulu kanye nokukhethwa okubanzi kwengilazi noma ukufakwa kwensimbi. Ama-Cons ahlobanisa inani eliphakeme kakhulu ngokuqhathaniswa nemikhiqizo efanayo evela kwamanye amazwe. I-Russia nayo inabaholi bayo ekwenziweni kweminyango esezingeni eliphakeme. Indawo yokuqala yesithunzi ngumkhiqizo "Volkhovets". Iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili, umangale abalandeli izinhlobo ezahlukene zomklami, izixazululo zombala kanye nesilinganiso esihle sekhwalithi.

Isidingo sabathengi semodeli ethile yomnyango wangaphakathi sakhiwa ngokuya ngamapharamitha afana nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, usayizi, izindleko kanye nokwakheka. Njengoba wazi, umkhiqizo wokukhiqiza uthintwe ngqo ngekhwalithi yezimpahla. Imikhiqizo yokhuni ingahluka kakhulu komunye nomunye kwizakhiwo zazo zokusebenza, ngoba izinhlobo ezahlukene zokhuni zinezimpawu ezithile zomzimba.

Ake sinikeze isibonelo: amamodeli avela ku-pine massif athi "buthaka" - awafanele ukulungiswa kwendlu yokugezela, ngoba umswakama owandayo ungaholela ekuguqukeni komnyango we-canvase.

Umnyango ovela ku-pine massif

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amandla omnyango wangaphakathi ancike ebukhwini bokomisa izinkuni abakhethwe kahle. Ngokuphathelene nokuvela komkhiqizo, kufanelekile ukuzulazula okuncamelayo kanye nokunambitheka kwamakhasimende. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile ukukhetha eyodwa noma omunye abathengi bamamodeli bazama ukuvumelana nobubanzi bendawo engaphakathi.

Ngezansi kwetafula lapho zonke izinzuzo nobubi zikhonjiswe ngokucacile. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, ungakhetha iminyango ehlangabezana nezidingo ezishiwo ngentengo efanelekile kakhulu:

Ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu ngokwesilinganiso sekhwalithi yenani yiminyango eyenziwe ngokhuni lwemvelo kanye nomkhumbi we-eco. Futhi, umnyango ovela ku-array (ikakhulukazi oak) wedlula amamodeli avumayo, noma kunjalo, intengo izoba ngaphezulu kakhulu.

Ezimweni eziningi, inqubomgomo enqumayo lapho ukhetha umnyango osezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu yiprojekthi ububanzi efulethini, ehhovisi noma endlini yangasese (bangaba balinganise noma banzi). Ngokuthenga i-canvas yomnyango, kuyadingeka ukubheka amakhono ezezimali - akuhlali imikhiqizo ebizayo ehambelana nekhwalithi eshiwo. Kepha akufanele ukonga kuyo into yangaphakathi, ngoba ithembekile kuphela, umnyango osezingeni eliphakeme uzohlala isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka futhi ugcine ukubukeka kwayo kwasekuqaleni.

I-Interroom Deleneed Doors

I-veneer iyingqimba emncane yokhuni, ebonakala ngesakhiwo esiyingqayizivele futhi akukho ukubheja okungamangalisayo. Kunamathiselwe kufreyimu kusuka kuhlu lwezinkuni zokufakelwa noma i-MDF. Ubuchwepheshe besimanje bukuvumela ukuthi uvikele okuqukethwe kumswakama ophezulu, izethenjwa nakweminye imiphumela emibi - kulokhu kuphathwa ngokwakheka okukhethekile komswakama. Abathengi abangasekho okuthandayo ukubonwa ngama-canvases akhethiwe, kukhethwe imvelo enophawu, ukuthungwa kwezinkuni okucebile nokubukeka okuhle kwe-array.

Isihloko ngesihloko: Ukuhlobisa iminyango yezangaphakathi - indlela yokuqala yokuhlobisa ingaphakathi

Iminyango evumayo

Uma siqhathanisa ama-canvases avumayo anamamodeli ezinkuni zemvelo, kulula ukugqamisa izinzuzo zawo eziphambili - intengo ephansi, ubukhulu obuncane, kanye nokuthi kungenzeka kube nokubuyiselwa okuyingxenye kwe-coating. Ububi obukhulu balolu hlobo lwe-Design luwushintsho emthunzini wokhuni ngaphansi kwethonya lemisebe yelanga nokuhambisana nemithetho yokuhamba okukhethekile (lokhu kubonisa imikhiqizo yomkhiqizo ka-Alvero).

Iminyango

Ngokusho kwesilinganiso sonyaka owedlule, abakhiqizi abahle kakhulu beminyango evumayo yile:

  • Inkampani "Iphrofayili Dors". Umkhiqizo ubandakanyeka ekukhishweni kwamamodeli ahlukahlukene weminyango yezangaphakathi nezakhi. Yonke imikhiqizo ihlukaniswa umklamo ngamunye, ubungane obuphakeme bemvelo, ukuphepha, nokuthi yini intengo ebalulekile etholakalayo. Ikakhulu ethandwa phakathi kwabathengi baseRussia iqoqo elibizwa nge- "X", liveza iminyango ye-canvases ngesitayela sakudala nasesitayeleni sanamuhla. Kuhle futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi lo mkhiqizo unomklamo omuhle kakhulu we-Noise kanye ne-telescopic (i-precAb-sliding), evumela ama-saccon ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izipikili.

Iminyango ye-Doors Brand Profil

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

  • "Barausse". Le nkampani yasungulwa ngo-1967 ngabafowethu bakwaBarus, umhlangano wokuqala wawusedolobheni elincane eningizimu ye-Italy. Ngenxa yekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu yezimpahla ezenziwa, ngokushesha okukhulu ukungena emakethe yomhlaba. Ububanzi buhlanganisa iminyango yangaphakathi yezakhiwo zokuhlala nezezimboni, amamodeli avuthiwe futhi avuthiwe. I-classic yokubulawa, ukwakhiwa okufushane, imigqa ecacile kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha baseYurophu - ukhiye wempumelelo yemikhiqizo yomkhiqizo.

Iminyango

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

  • Efektri "Onyx". Iminyango yangaphakathi yale nkampani yaseRussia ayikho ngaphansi kwabalingani bakwamanye amazwe. Wonke amamodeli ayatholakala ngokuhambisana ngokuphelele namazinga aseYurophu. Kuze kube manje, lokhu kungukukhiqizwa okukhulu kwasekhaya, amagatsha awo atholakala ngisho nasemizini encane yaseRussia. Isici esiyinhloko ukuthi inkampani ingenza iminyango kuma-oda wakho ngamunye. Abathengi futhi bamaka inani elikhulu lemidwebo, izithunzi kanye nokuguqulwa, kanye nokulethwa okusheshayo kwemikhiqizo eqediwe.

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

Iminyango yangaphakathi evela e-ecospon

I-Ecochpon uhlobo lwe-polymer (i-polypropylene) ngokuthungwa kwangaphandle "ngaphansi kwesihlahla". Izinto ezibonakalayo zingumfanekiso wezomnotho futhi ofanelekile we-veneer yemvelo, ngoba cishe akuhlukile ezinkuni zemvelo ekuthinteni. Inzuzo ebalulekile ye-ecosphon ukuthi lokho okuqukethwe kubaluleke kakhulu imvelo kunefilimu le-polyvinyl chloride, ngoba azikho amakhompiyutha anobuthi aqukethe i-chlorine ku-polymer. Iminyango enjalo yangaphakathi ingaba ukwengeza okuhle egumbini lokulala noma egumbini lezingane.

Iminyango evela e-Ecopolit

Lolu hlobo lomkhiqizo lubonakala ngokumelana nowanele ngokwanele, ukukhetha okubanzi kwemibala, kanye nokumelana nomswakama kanye nokwehluka kokushisa. Ukungazethembi futhi, kuhambisana nezimpawu ezifakwe kuhlu, lena intengo engabizi. Kodwa-ke, abanye abathengi baxosha ubandlululo eminyango ephansi kusuka ezintweni ze-polymeric.

Iminyango ye-polymer

Abakhiqizi abahle kakhulu (umphumela wokuqhathanisa)

Abakhiqizi abahle kakhulu beminyango yangaphakathi emakethe yasekhaya yi-Factory Sophia namaVolkhovets. Imikhiqizo yabo ihlangabezana namazinga wekhwalithi yamazwe omhlaba, futhi ama-brand ngokwawo ahlukaniswe yinethiwekhi ebanzi yezitolo ezithengiswayo. Cabanga ngemininingwane eminingi izici zezinkampani ngazinye.

I-Brand Sophia

Ngokomthetho, kungathathwa njengokuwukuphela kwenkampani yaseRussia ye-World-Clast, kuseqoqweni layo ukuthi ukuguqulwa okusha kwe-canvases eminyango ehlala isikhathi eside nokwanele (izingidi, amafindo, kuvezwa izinto zokuhlobisa. Izici eziyinhloko zemikhiqizo ekhiqizwayo ziwukusebenza okuhle nokukhethwa okubanzi komklamo wangaphandle. Ama-Doors angaphakathi uSophia azolingana ngokuphelele kunoma iyiphi ingaphakathi, idizayini yawo yendawo yonke ivula amathuba amaningi okuqanjwa kwemibono evamile kakhulu.

Isihloko ngesihloko: Kuyafaneleka ukuthenga umnyango wokungena ngesibuko? Izinzuzo kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zamamodeli]

Doors yesimanje Sophia

Abathengi banikeza izinzuzo ezilandelayo ze-Sophia Doors:

  • Iminyango esezingeni eliphakeme yezinhlobonhlobo zama-shades, ukwakheka - uhla olukhulu lwemikhiqizo, luphinde lwagcwaliswa ngemikhiqizo emisha nesha;
  • Isikhathi esifushane sokwenza ama-oda ngamanye wemidwebo yokwakhiwa (lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu lapho usebenza ngeminyango yosayizi abengejwayelekile);
  • Ukuhlinzeka ngeziqinisekiso njengendwangu nezesekeli zomnyango (inkampani futhi inikeza ukulungiswa kwamahhala uma kwenzeka kulimala kwangaphandle);
  • Izikhungo eziningi zomthengisi namagatsha ezweni lonke;
  • Idumela elihle emakethe yamazwe omhlaba.

Iminyango Sofya

Njenganoma yimuphi umkhiqizo, iminyango yangaphakathi yale nkampani inezinombolo eziningi zokushiyeka: izindleko eziphakeme ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezisezingeni eliphakeme, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezivela eceleni lapho wenza ama-oda avela ngawo.

Ifektri "Volkhovts"

Kukhiqiza iminyango yazo kusukela ngo-1993. Kusukela yasungulwa, inkampani ihlala ithuthukiswa ekukhisheni iminyango ye-canvases kanye nezinto. Ngokuya kwabaphathi, ukuthandwa kwemikhiqizo kungenxa yezinto ezimbili ezigcizelela inqubomgomo yomkhiqizo:

  • Imikhiqizo yenziwa ngaphansi kokugadwa kwamakhosi asemthethweni, aqeqeshelwe minyaka yonke ezindaweni ezinkulu zakwamanye amazwe ngokulahlekelwa yinkampani;
  • Wasebenzisa imishini yesimanjemanje, izinto ezinobungane zemvelo. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa okuphephile kwazo zonke izinto. Ungangeza futhi ukuthi uphawu olunemikhono eqinile emikhakheni yomhlaba emakethe ye-Doors.

Iminyango Volkhovts

Ukunakwa okukhethekile kukhokhelwa ekukhetheni kwezinto ezisezingeni eliphakeme ngaphandle kokungcola kwezinto eziyingozi, ngenxa yokuthi izitshalo zenkampani zithathwa njengezobuchwepheshe futhi zivikelekile. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ama-workshop workshop awenziwanga nje iminyango yangaphakathi, kodwa futhi nezinguquko ezahlukene ze-arched, amaphaneli odonga kanye neminye imiklamo yokwenziwa okufanayo.

Izinzuzo zeminyango "Volshinivets" zingezika-:

  • Kusetshenziswa kuphela izinto zokusetshenziswa ezinobungane bemvelo - ngenxa yalo mnyango, izinkampani zingafakwa ezikhungweni ezahlukahlukene zenhlalo (ezinkulisa, ezikoleni, ezibhedlela);
  • Iwaranti yeminyaka emithathu yazo zonke izinhlobo zemikhiqizo;
  • Isilinganiso esifanele sekhwalithi yenani;
  • Uhla olubanzi oluvuselelwa njalo ngemikhiqizo emisha ngokuya ngezitayela zesimanje;
  • Izinhlobonhlobo zemikhiqizo ye-stylistic zitholakala ngokubambisana nabaklami abaningi abavelayo basekhaya nakwamanye amazwe.

Ukungabi nabika kwalo mkhiqizo ukukhishwa ngenhloso yepulasitiki nama-polymers kusuka kuhlu lwezinto zokwakha zokwenziwa kweminyango yezangaphandle nezesekeli. Kodwa-ke, lesi yindlela yokulinganisa ebonakalayo, futhi imvelo isanda kukhiqizwa izimpahla ezahlukahlukene kamuva nje.

Iminyango evela ezintweni ezibonakalayo ezinobungane bemvelo

Ukufingqa okungenhla, ngithanda ukuqaphela ukuthi ngaphezu kokuvela komnyango, izici zalo ezisebenzayo zibalulekile (iyiphi indlela ezovulwa ngayo). Lokhu kuyakhathaza ngokuqondile amamodeli ashubile. Imvamisa, le nqubo ayibhekwanga, futhi kwalapha, lokhu kuholela enkingeni ethile. Umnyango ofakwe ngokungalungile ungenza kube nzima ukudlula, futhi ngeke futhi ivumele ifenisha enengqondo. Uma ukhetha izindlela ezifakwe kuhlu lapho ukhetha iminyango yangaphakathi, uzothola umphumela omangalisayo!

Ungayikhetha kanjani iminyango yangaphakathi yangaphakathi (2 video)

Izinhlobo zeminyango yangaphakathi (izithombe ezingama-23)

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

? Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi bezinhlaka zenhlama [Khetha okungcono kakhulu?]

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