Ukusebenza kwemishini yanamuhla yasendlini neyekhompyutha ngaphandle kokubekwa phansi kugcwele ngokwehluleka kwayo. Engxenyeni ethile yezwe lethu, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemakhaya, uhlelo lokudlulisela kwamandla wesampula lakudala. Kubo, ukuba khona kwesisekelo sokuzivikela akunikezwanga noma kusesimweni esinjalo nje ukuthi azenzi izidingo zokuphepha kukagesi. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukubamba abanikazi bendawo yendlu yangasese noma ukupha.
Lokho akunikeza
Umhlaba ovikelayo uyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngokuphepha kukagesi endlini. Kwenziwe kahle, ukuvela kokuvuza kwamanje, kuholela ekuphenduleni ngokushesha kwe-RCD (ukulimala kokufakwa kukagesi noma lapho kuthathwa ezingxenyeni zamanje). Lona ngumsebenzi ophambili walesi simiso.
Umsebenzi wesibili womhlaba ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwemishini kagesi. Kweminye imisebenzi kagesi, ukuba khona kocingo oluvikelayo endaweni yokuphuma (uma kukhona) akwanele. Kufanele uxhumeke ebhasini eliphansi ngqo. Kulokhu, kuvame ukuba nezikhathi ezikhethekile ezindlini. Uma sikhuluma ngemishini yasendlini, khona-ke lokhu kuyi-microwave, kuhhavini kanye nomshini wokuwasha.
Umsebenzi ophambili we-Graiding ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kukagesi kwendlu ejwayelekile
Bambalwa abantu abakwaziyo, kepha i-microwave ngaphandle kokuxhumana okuqondile e "hlaba" ngesikhathi sokusebenza ingaxhasa kakhulu imali, ukuthola izinga lemisebe kungaba yingozi empilweni. Kwamanye amamodeli odongeni lwangemuva, ungabona i-terminal ekhethekile, yize eyodwa kuphela ibinzana elivame ukufundiswa: "Kudingeka isisekelo" ngaphandle kokucacisa ukuthi kungcono kanjani ukukwenza.
Uma uthinteka ngezandla ezimanzi emshinini wokuwasha, kuvame ukupenda. Akuyona ingozi, kepha akumnandi. Ungasusa "umhlaba" ngqo ezindlini. Endabeni yehhavini, isimo siyafana. Noma kungenjalo "Pinlet", ukuxhumana okuqondile kuphephile, ngoba i-wiring ngaphakathi kokufakwa isebenza ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu.
Ngamakhompyutha, isimo sithakazelisa ngokwengeziwe. Ngokuxhuma ngokuqondile "Umhlaba" ngentambo, ungaphakamisa ijubane le-Intanethi futhi unciphise inani le- "FreeZes". Lokhu kulula kakhulu ngenxa yokuba khona kokuxhumana okuqondile ngethayi elinesisekelo.
Ngabe ngidinga indawo ezweni noma endlini yokhuni
Ezweni amadolobhana ukwenza isisekelo kufanele adingeke. Ikakhulu uma indlu yakhiwe ngezinto zikagesi - ngokhuni noma ngamathambo. Icala ekudumeni. Kunezinto eziningi kakhulu eziheha umbani. Le yimithombo, imithombo, amapayipi elele ebusweni noma angcwatshwe ngokujula okuncane. Zonke lezi zinto ziheha umbani.
Emaphepheni, amathuba okuba ngumbani
Uma kungekho ukugaya nokubeka phansi, umbani wokushaya ucishe ulingane nomlilo. Asikho isiteshi somlilo esiseduze, ngakho-ke umlilo uzosakazeka ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngenhlamvu enomhlaba, usakwenza umqhubi we-Lightning - ngisho nezinduku ezimbalwa zobude obunamamitha anamathele esikebheni futhi axhunywe ngocingo lwensimbi ngesisekelo.
Ukusungula amasistimu wendlu yangasese
Zonke izinhlelo ziyisithupha, kepha ezakhiweni ngazinye ezisetshenziswa ikakhulu, ezimbili kuphela: TN-S-C neTT. Eminyakeni yamuva, kunconywa uhlelo lwe-TN-C. Kulesi sikimu, esingathathi hlangothi ekufakweni kwesithulu - emhlabeni, futhi imishini ixhumana ngqo nomhlaba. Kumthengi, izwe (pe) nokungathathi hlangothi / zero (n) kwenziwa ngumqhubi womqhubi (pen), futhi ekungeneni kwendlu kuphinde kuhlukaniswe ngababili.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Umnikazi wamakhethini - Ungalungisa kanjani lawa madivayisi
Uhlelo oluyisisekelo TN-S-C
Ngohlelo olunjalo, kunikezwa iziqu zokuvikelwa ezanele ze-Automata (i-RCO ayidingeki). Okubi - lapho ukufudumeza noma ukulimala, ipeni wire esizeni phakathi kwendlu kanye nokufakwa eMhlabeni ibhasi kuvela i-voltage yesigaba, engacishiwe. Ngakho-ke, i-Puu yenza izidingo eziqinile zomugqa onjalo: Kumele kube nokuvikelwa okugunyaziwe kocingo lwepeni, kanye nokusekelayo ngezikhathi ezithile kumakholomu ngemuva kwama-200 m noma ama-100 m.
Kodwa-ke, imigqa eminingi yamandla ezindaweni zasemakhaya ayizenelisi lezi zimo. Kulokhu, kunconywa uhlelo lwe-TT. Futhi, lolu hlelo kufanele lusetshenziswe ekwandisweni okuvulekile ngokwangaphandle kwezandiso zangaphandle emhlabeni. Banobungozi bokuthinta ngasikhathi sinye ekubekeni nasenzweni, okungaba yingozi ezinhlelweni ze-TN-C.
Ukusungula uhlelo lwendlu yangasese TT
Umehluko ukuthi i-wire "yomhlaba" esihlangu ivela emhlabathini oyedwa we-loop, hhayi kusuka ekubuyiselweni kwe-transformer, njengakusikimu esedlule. Uhlelo olunjalo lumelana nolonakalisa ngocingo oluvikelayo, kepha ludinga ukufakwa okuphoqelekile kwe-RCDO. Ngaphandle kwabo, akukho sivikelo ekushaqekeni kukagesi. Ngakho-ke, uPue unquma kuphela njengesipele uma umugqa okhona awenelisi izidingo zohlelo lwe-TN-C.
Uhlelo oluyisisekelo TT ngesithombe esiqondakalayo
Idivaysi yomuntu ngamunye
Eminye imigqa yamandla amadala ayinawo umhlaba wokuvikela. Bonke kufanele bashintshe, kepha uma kwenzeka - umbuzo uvulekile. Uma nje unecala elinjalo, udinga ukwenza uhlaka oluhlukile. Izinketho zimbili - ukwenza isisekelo endlini yangasese noma ezweni ngokwakho, zenzele ngokwakho noma unikeze umkhankaso wokubulawa komkhankaso. Ukukhankasela Imisebenzi Yezemigwaqo, kepha kukhona okubalulekile okubalulekile: Uma kunezinkinga ezibangelwa ukusebenza okungalungile kohlelo oluyisisekelo, kubuyiselwa komonakalo kulo mkhankaso, okufakiwe (kufanele kubhalwe kukhompyutha, kufundwe ngokucophelela). Uma kwenzeka kubulawa okuzimele, konke kukuwe.
Idivaysi ebekelwe endlini yangasese
Uhlelo oluyisisekelo lwendlu yangasese luqukethe:
- Izikhonkwane zokuncipha,
- imichilo yensimbi ehlanganisa ohlelweni olulodwa;
- Imigqa evela emhlabathini i-contour ku-boiler kagesi.
Yini okufanele yenziwe phansi
Ungasebenzisa induku yensimbi enobubanzi be-16 mm nokuningi njengezikhonkwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akunakwenzeka ukuthatha ukuqiniswa: ingaphezulu lawo yiKalen, eshintsha ukusatshalaliswa kwamanje. Futhi, ungqimba we-kaneylene emhlabathini ushesha. Inketho yesibili ekhoneni lensimbi ngamashalofu angu-50 mm. Lezi zinto ezibonakalayo zilungile ngoba zingathola amaphuzu nge-sledgehammer. Ukwenza kube lula ukukwenza, ukuphela okukodwa kucishiwe, owesibili uqhume ipulatifomu lapho kulula ukuyishaya khona.
Njengezinduku, ungasebenzisa amapayipi, ekhoneni, insimbi yensimbi
Kwesinye isikhathi kusetshenziswa amapayipi wensimbi, onqenqemeni olulodwa lwawo oluthosiwe (i-welded) esitsheni. Engxenyeni engezansi yazo (cishe isigamu semitha evela emaphethelweni) izimbobo ziyavuthwa. Lapho yomisa inhlabathi, ukugeleza kokuvuza kwamanje kuwohloka kakhulu, nakwizinduku ezinjalo, isixazululo sikasawoti singathululelwa, sibuyisele ukusebenza kwesisekelo. Imisusa yale ndlela - ivela enduku ngayinye yokumba / ukumba imithombo - ukushaya i-sledgehammer ekujuleni okufiselekayo ngeke kusebenze.
Ukujula kwezikhonkwane zokushaya
Ama-PINS-eargents kumele angene emhlabathini ngaphansi kokujula kokuqhwa okungenani ama-60-100 cm. Ezifundeni ezinehlobo elomile, kufiseleka ukuthi izikhonkwane okungenani zisemhlabathini omanzi. Ngakho-ke, zisetshenziswa ikakhulukazi noma induku enobude obungu-2-3 m. Ubukhulu obunjalo buhlinzeka indawo eyanele yokuxhumana nenhlabathi, ukudala izimo ezijwayelekile zokuhlakazeka kwemisinga yokuvuza.Isihloko ngesihloko: Izimbali ezihlobisa izimbali: Imibono yokutshala okuluhlaza engadini (izithombe ezingama-44)
Ngenzeni
Umsebenzi womhlaba ovikelayo ukuhlakaza imisinga yokuvuza endaweni enkulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi othintana nobunzima bendlebe yensimbi - izikhonkwane kanye nemichilo - enenhlabathi. ngakhoke Izinto zomhlaba awukaze upende. Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu ukufakwa phakathi kwensimbi nomhlaba, ukuvikelwa kuyaphumelela. Ungavimba ukugqwala ezindaweni zokufudumala ngezingoma zokulwa nokuwohloka kepha hhayi ngopende.
Iphuzu lesibili elibalulekile: Ukubekwa esikhundleni kumele kube nokuphikiswa okuncane, futhi ukuxhumana okuhle kubaluleke kakhulu kulokhu. Kuhlinzekwa ukufudumala. Konke ukuxhumana kubiliswa, futhi ikhwalithi yomthungo kufanele ibe phezulu, ngaphandle kwemifantu, imithambo nezinye iziphambeko. Nakulokhu futhi, banake: Ukufakwa endlini yangasese akunakwenziwa ekuxhumeni okuhlangenwe nakho. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, insimbi ichazwa, iyachithwa, ukumelana kwandiswa kaninginingi, ukuvikelwa kuyawohloka noma akusebenzi nhlobo.
Sebenzisa ukuxhumeka kwe-welded kuphela
Akunangqondo kakhulu ukusebenzisa amapayipi noma ezinye izakhiwo zensimbi emhlabathini njengendlebe. Okwesikhashana, ukubekwa phansi okunjalo endlini yangasese kuyasebenza. Kepha ngesikhathi sokuhlangana kwamapayipi ngenxa yokugqwayiza kwe-electrochemical, kusebenze imisinga yokuvuza, oxidised futhi kubhujiswe, umhlabathi awusebenzi, kanye nepayipi. Ngoba izinhlobo ezinjalo zezindawo ezisezindlebeni zingcono ukungasebenzisi.
Ungayenza kanjani
Okokuqala sizobhekana nefomu lokufaka izindlebe. Okuthandwa kakhulu - ngesimo sokulungiswa konxantathu ngokulingana, kuma-vertices akhiwa ngayo izikhonkwane. Kusekhona indawo eqondile (izingcezu ezifanayo ezintathu, kuphela emgqeni) nangesimo se-Circuit - izikhonkwane zivalwa endlini ngesinyathelo esingamamitha ayi-100 (ezindlini ezinendawo engaphezu kwe-100 amamitha-skwele. m). Izikhonkwane zixhunyiwe emivinjeni yensimbi - Metropolitan.
Imodeli yendlebe ethandwa kakhulu
Indlela yokwenza izinto
Kusukela emaphethelweni omsuka wendlu kuya esizeni sokufaka, iphinikhodi kufanele okungenani ibe ngamamitha ayi-1.5. Esigabeni esikhethiwe, umsele ugaya ngonxantathu wokulingana ohlangothini lwe-3 m. Ukujula okungu-70 cm, ububanzi - 50-60 cm - ukwenza kube lula ukupheka. Enye yama-vertices, njengomthetho, etholakala eduze kwendlu, ixhunywe endlini yomsele onokujula okungenani kwamasentimitha angama-50.
Bamba umsele
Ama-vertices kanxantathu ahlanganiswa ngezikhonkwane (induku eyindilinga noma ekhoneni le-3 m ubude). Ngaphansi phansi kwaphansi, bashiya cishe amasentimitha ayi-10. Sicela uqaphele emnyango wenhlabathi ebusweni bomhlaba. Kungaphansi kweleveli yenhlabathi ngo-50-60 cm.
Ukuxhumana ngensimbi kufakwa ezingxenyeni ezivelelayo zezinduku / amakhona - umucu wama-40 * 4 mm. I-Earled ye-Earled enendlu edaliwe ihlanganiswe nensimbi yensimbi (40 * 4 mm) noma umqhubi wesigaba esiyindilinga (isigaba sesiphambano se-10-16 mm2). Umugqa ononxantathu owenziwe ngensimbi naye udilizwa. Lapho konke sekumi ngomumo, izindawo ze-welding zihlanzwa nge-slag, zihlanganiswe nokwakheka kokulwa nokugqwala (hhayi ngopende).
Umucu we-welded
Ngemuva kokubheka ukumelana nomhlabathi (ngokuvamile, akufanele kudlule ama-4 ohms), imisele alale umhlaba. Emhlabathini akufanele kube namatshe amakhulu noma imfucumfucu yokwakha, umhlaba uzokwesaba umhlaba.
Emnyango weNdlu kuya endlini ye-Metal Band kusuka endlebeni, i-bolt ifakwa lapho umqhubi we-Copper ufakwa khona ekuhlukaniseni (ngokwesiko umbala wezintambo ezinesisekelo uphuzi ngengxenye eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okungenani engu-4 mm2 .
Isihloko ngesihloko: Isigaxa sensimbi kusuka ku-putty ejwayelekile: Ungayinikeza kanjani ingaphakathi le-ORIGANITION
Ukuphuma okususelwa odongeni lwendlu nge-welded ekugcineni kwe-bolt
Ku-boiler kagesi, isisekelo sixhumeke kwithayi elikhethekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuphela endaweni ekhethekile, ehlolwe ukukhanyisa futhi kugcotshwe ngamafutha. Kusuka kulolu thayi "umhlaba" kuxhumeka kulayini ngamunye, ohlukaniswe yikhaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka kwe- "Land" ngumqhubi ohlukile nge-pue akwamukeleki - njengengxenye yekhebula elijwayelekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma izintambo zakho zihlanjululwe nezintambo zamakamelo amabili, kuzodingeka uguqulwe ngokuphelele.
Kungani ungayenzi isisekelo somuntu ngamunye
Yenza kabusha i-wiring kuyo yonke indlu, kunjalo, isikhathi eside futhi ebizayo, kepha uma ufuna ukusebenzisa izinto zanamuhla zikagesi kanye nemishini yasendlini ngaphandle kwezinkinga, kuyadingeka. Isisekelo esihlukile sezinto ezithile asisebenzi futhi siyingozi. Yingakho. Ukuba khona kwamadivayisi amabili noma ngaphezulu anjalo kungekudala noma kamuva kuholela ekuphumeni kwemishini efakiwe kulezi zinto. Le nto ukuthi ukumelana kwemikhuba kuncike esimweni senhlabathi endaweni ngayinye. Kwezinye izimo phakathi kwamadivayisi amabili esisekelo, umehluko wamathuba wenzeka, okuholela ekuqhekekeni kwemishini noma ngogesi.Uhlelo lwe-PIN e-Modular
Onke amadivaysi achazwe ngaphambili avela kumakhona ahlanganisiwe, amapayipi kanye nama-stertechers - abizwa ngokuthi ngendabuko. Okubi kwabo kuyivolumu enkulu yomhlaba nendawo enkulu, okudingekayo lapho kudingeka idivaysi enesisekelo. Konke ngoba kuyadingeka ukuba nendawo ethile yokuxhumana yezikhonkwane enenhlabathi, yanele ukuqinisekisa "ukusakazeka" okujwayelekile kwamanje. Ubunzima bungadala isidingo sokufudumala - akunakwenzeka ukuxhumanisa izinto ezihlabayo ngenye indlela. Kepha kanye nalolu hlelo - izindleko ezincane. Uma wenza umhlaba wendabuko endlini yangasese ngezandla zakho, kuzobiza inani eliphakeme lama- $ 100. Kungenzeka uma uthenga yonke insimbi bese ukhokhela ukufudumala, nawo wonke umsebenzi uzisebenzisela wena
Iqoqo lesistimu yesisekelo
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Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, izinhlelo ze-modular PINS (Pine) zivele. Leli yiqoqo lezikhonkwane, ezivalelwa ekujuleni okungama-40 m. Okungukuthi, kuvela endlebeni ende kakhulu, eya ekujuleni. Izingcezu ze-PIN zixhumeke komunye nomunye zisebenzisa ama-clamp akhethekile angawalungisi kuphela, kepha futhi ahlinzeke ngokuxhumeka kukagesi osezingeni eliphakeme.
Futhi, isisekelo se-modular yindawo encane kanye nevolumu encane yomsebenzi odingekayo. Umgodi omncane uyadingeka ohlangothini lwama-60 * 60 cm kanye nokujula kuka-70 cm, umsele oxhumanisa umhlabathi nendlu. Izikhonkwane zinde futhi zincane, zithole amaphuzu angenayo i-primer efanelekile kulula. Lapha futhi ufike kuMunu ophambili: Ukujula kukhulu, futhi uma kufanele uhlangane, ngokwesibonelo, itshe, kuzofanela uqale kuqala. Futhi susa izinduku kuyinkinga. Azikhonjwanga, futhi zimelana noma hhayi i-clamp - umbuzo.
Isisu sesibili inani eliphakeme. Kanye nokufakwa kuzokubiza ngokuthi yi- $ 300-500. Ukufakwa okuzimele kuyinkinga, ngoba ngeke kusebenzele izinduku ukuthola amaphuzu lezi zinduku. Dinga ithuluzi elikhethekile le-pneumatic elifunde ukufaka esikhundleni i-perforator ngemodi yokushaqeka. Kuyadingeka ukuvivinya ukumelana ngemuva kwenduku ngayinye ebekiwe. Kepha uma ungafuni ukuxhumana nokushiswa kanye nomhlaba, i-PIN ye-PIN yesethayo iyindlela enhle.