Izinto ezivame kakhulu, ngaphandle kwazo cishe azikho umsebenzi wokwakha - enye yezinhlobo zengxube kasimende ukhonkolo. Ingxenye ebalulekile kakhonkolo yiso usimende.
Ungawugcwalisa kanjani usimende?
Kuvela ukuthi ngabe isisindo sosemende sifakwe kahle, amandla esikhathi esizayo esisekelo, ukuthembeka kwesembozo somgwaqo, ikhwalithi ye-Brickwork kanye nokulungiswa kwayo kuncike.
Impela, ngamunye wethu okungenani kanye empilweni yakhe wazuza ukhonkolo. Akunjalo Nokulungiswa Kokulungiswa Kwekhonkolo Kwakwazi okokuqala ngqa, ngakho-ke ungathola imibuzo enjalo: "Ungawuhlawulela kanjani usimende ngaphandle kwesihlabathi? Yini okufanele ngiyilandele ukulingana kwesihlabathi nosimende? Yini ukusetshenziswa kwesisombululo kwe-1m2? " njll.
Ngakho-ke ake sizitholele nalawa ma-nuances ndawonye.
Ungenza kanjani isisombululo?
Ukhonkolo
Ngingathanda ukubheka ngokushesha ukuthi usimende, njenge-ejenti yokuqinisa, isetshenziswa kuphela njengezixazululo nokuhlanganiswa, okuchaza ama-nuances anjalo:
- uhlobo lomlomo;
- "Imvelaphi" yamanzi (kusuka ekunikezelweni kwamanzi, imvula noma incibiliza iqhwa);
- okungeziwe kwe-filler (i-tabk, isihlabathi, isilayidi noma sawdust);
- Indawo yokusebenzisa yento (i-Brickwork, ukulungisa amapusi, ukudala isisekelo).
Dlulisa usimende bese uxhuma izithako ezidingekayo, zombili esitsheni sepulasitiki nasezitsheni zensimbi. Ngalezi zinhloso, ungasebenzisa:
- amabhakede;
- Thai;
- Ukugeza okudala kwensimbi;
- Abafana bezinkuni.
Ingxube yesihlabathi sikasimende ilungiselelwe ngale ndlela:
- ngesihlabathi esivilaphayo;
- Sixhuma usimende nesihlabathi bese sigeza into ethile esimweni esijabulisayo;
- Kancane kancane, sithela amanzi kancane;
- Sigeza i-CPS ku-homogeneity, ukuze inqwaba yobukhulu bakho ifana nokhilimu omuncu.
Ukuze uqonde ukuthi le ngxube ibandakanyeka kuyo yonke imithetho futhi ukuvumelana kwayo kunokubonakala okudingekayo, udinga ukwenza okukhohlisayo. Kulokhu, isisindo sisetshenziswa ebusweni be-trustee noma i-spatula bese yehla ngesisombululo. Uma into ingagelegeli, futhi iqhubeka ingaphezulu kwethuluzi - ikhambi liphekwe kahle.
Isihloko ngesihloko: i-arch, embozwe ngephepha lodonga: Ungajezisa kanjani?
Naka ukuthi ungakanani usimende omile. Isixazululo esilungele udinga ukuchitha isikhathi esingu-90 imizuzu.
Isilinganiso esilinganayo sezithako
Isihlabathi nosimende
Ukubala kahle ukuthi zingaki izingxenye okudingeka uzilungiselele isisombululo, udinga ukunquma ukuthi yimuphi umsebenzi uzosetshenziswa.
Futhi-ke, ake sibheke ukuthi ungayilungiselela kanjani ingxube yomsebenzi ofunwa kakhulu.
- Ukubeka phansi
Ngokuphamba, kungcono ukusebenzisa ingxenye ye-1: 3 (lapho i-1 inani likasimende, no-3 - ingxenye yesihlabathi). Ngokuyisisekelo, amanzi asetshenziswa ngenani elifanayo nokwenza usimende, kepha kuyadingeka ukuyithululela ezingxenyeni ezincane, ukuze libe mnene lilawulwe. Ukulungiselela isixazululo esinjalo, i-powder kasimende yalemikhiqizo enjalo iyadingeka: m-150, m-200 (nomsebenzi wangaphakathi) kanye ne-M-300 (ama-facades). Uma ufuna ukwenza ipulasitiki eningi, ngakho-ke ukuthi ilele kahle phansi ebusweni, engeza ku-lime kuyo. Inani layo kufanele libe ½ esihlabathini.
- Ukubopha izitini
Nge-Brickwork, ingxenye ye-1: 4 iyasetshenziswa, futhi i-powder kasimende idinga imikhiqizo enjalo njenge-M-300 ne-M-400. Ungangeza futhi izingxenye ze-0,2 noma ezi-0,3 ze-lime ukuze ziboniswe. Amanzi nawo athululelwa endabeni eyomile ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo esidingekayo. Ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kwesixazululo esiphekiwe, kuphonswa ebusweni nge-angle ka-40 °. Uma engakhiphi - wenza konke okulungile.
- Ukuhleleka kwaphansi kwaphansi
Ngalezi zinhloso, i-equation engu-1: 3 iyabonakala, futhi usimende ukhethiwe ngenombolo 400. nge-Donved uzodinga ingxenye yengxenye yamanzi asetshenzisiwe. Zama sonke isikhathi ukulawula ukuvumelana kwesisombululo, ngoba isisindo kufanele selulwe kalula ukugcwalisa zonke izikhala nemifantu. Ngenxa yalokhu, uzoba nesixazululo ngaphansi komkhiqizo we-150.
- Ukuthela Isisekelo Sokhonkolo
Isihloko ngesihloko: Idizayini yefulethi enamakamelo amathathu - izithombe eziyi-100 zemibono yezangaphakathi yesitayela
Ukulungiselela ukwakheka kwesimende esinjalo uzoba wusizo ngezithako ezengeziwe: i-cell powder, isihlabathi, i-gravel noma itshe elichotshoziwe. Isilinganiso sabo esilinganayo sinohlobo lwe-1: 2: 4. Uma ulungiselela isisombululo sokugcwalisa isisekelo sendlu, thatha usimende ngenombolo m-500. Amanzi uzodinga uhhafu ongaphansi kosimende. Ngakho-ke, uzoba nokhonkolo we-M-350. Isisindo esilungiselelwe esinjalo kufanele sisetshenziswe ngaphambi kokuphela kwemizuzu engama-60.
Sondela usimende ngezandla zakho
Uyacelwa ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi isisindo sesihlabathi sesimende kufanele sibe nomkhiqizo ophakeme kunesimende brand 2,5-3.
Okubukeka njengokusetshenziswa okulinganiselwe kwezinto zokulungiswa kwe-M 2 indawo engabonakala ngezansi etafuleni.
| Into uqobo lwayo | Ukusetshenziswa kwento ngevolumu | ||||||
| Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-limestone | Ingxube kasimende | ||||||
| 1: 2. | 1: 3. | 1: 4. | 1: 1: 4 | 1; 1: 6 | 1: 2: 8 | 1; 1; 9 | |
| Ukhonkolo | — | — | — | I-8KG | I-6kg | I-4kg | 3.5 kg |
| Isihlabathi | I-26kg | 27kg | 30kg | 27kg | 27kg | 27kg | 27kg |
| Eluhlaza | I-10L | I-8,5L | I-7,5L | 3l. | 3l. | Cela | 3l. |
| Nisela | I-4,5L | 6 | 6 | Cela | Cela | Cela | Cela |
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Centy Powder kungalashwa ngokuzimela, ngoba kulokhu awudingi ukwazi amafomula ayinkimbinkimbi.
Ukubala ukusetshenziswa kokuqukethwe, kwanele ukwazi indawo ephelele nokuphakama kwesikrini. Le mininingwane iphindaphindwe ngomunye nomunye, ngomphumela wokuthi uzothola inani elidingekayo lama-cubes ento.
Kungenzeka yini ukuthi "upende" isisindo sikasimende?
Sehlukanise usimende ngokwakho
Phansi noma izindonga ezivela kusika akuwona umbono omuhle kakhulu. Kepha ngisho nesisindo esinjalo esingabonakali singaguqulwa kalula kusetshenziswa izindlela ezikhethekile.
Ukwengeza isisindo sempunga, ungasebenzisa:
- Amaphakethe owomile;
- unamathisele ukunamathisela;
- emulsion;
- Ama-microcapsops.
Ungazalela kanjani imali enjalo? Ukuze udayi wokuwa usimende wagcwalise "ukuthunywa" kwawo, kuzohlanganiswa ngokwanele kwikhambi eliqediwe, ngemuva kwalokho into etholakala ngombala olwamelana kakhulu, ongalahli ukukhanya kwawo iminyaka eminingi.
Isihloko ngesihloko: amakhethini ampunga angaphakathi kwegumbi lokuhlala: Yini engahlanganiswa?
Upende onjalo we-Cument usetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni ama-slabs, amathayili wemvelo noma amathafa.
Umbala we-pigment kufanele uhambisane nezidingo ezinjalo:
- Ungalahli umbala wakho iminyaka eminingi;
- Unganikezi emiphumeleni yamanzi (I.E. ukungagezi futhi uncibilike ngaphansi komthelela wawo);
- ukubekezelela ngokuqinile ukuvezwa kwe-alkalis;
- Ungashisi ekuchayweni elangeni.
Njengoba ubona, akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi ngokufaka imibala kanye nosimende, kepha ungathola umthunzi odingekayo: kusuka ku-mpunga ejwayelekile kuya opinki, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ophuzi noma oluhlaza.