Amanzi angenye yezinto eziphambili zempilo yomuntu. Impilo yomzimba incike ekuhlanzeni kwayo kanye nokwakheka kwamaminerali. Amanzi atholakala emthonjeni endaweni ngayinye noma othathwe emthonjeni ezweni kufanele ahambisane namazinga wokuhlanzeka ukuze azuze, futhi angalimazi.
Ngokuqondene namanzi atholakala emthonjeni ojulile, futhi ngokuqukethwe kweDacha kahle kunezinkinga ezimbili eziyinhloko. Zihlotshaniswa noma nge-mineralization eyeqile, noma ezibangelwa okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwensimbi. Amanzi angcoliswe ngensimbi iningi lokukhathazeka kakhulu ngezinga elikhulu kakhulu, ngoba akunambithi nje ukunambitheka okungathandeki, kodwa futhi nomthunzi ogqwala.
Imithombo yamanzi okuphuza
Amasawoti amaningi abhubhisayo nezinye izinto zitholakala emithonjeni yamanzi amasha anemvelo ehlukile yemishini, enokwakheka kwawo okuyingqayizivele. Sithola amanzi emithonjeni elandelayo:- Amapayipi amanzi agcwele imifula namachibi;
- Izimayini zokuphepha ngamanzi entwasahlobo;
- Imithombo ye-Artesian ikhulisa amanzi kusuka ku-Sum Ngaphansi.
Uketshezi aluvikelekile ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngakho-ke ludinga ukuhlanzwa kwemishini.
Ungakubona kanjani ukuba khona kwensimbi emanzini
Enye yezindlela eziphambili zokuthola ubukhona bensimbi emanzini kusuka emthonjeni kuyacasuka. Ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, akunakuqala, i-iron echithekile emanzini iqala ukusebenzisana nomoya-mpilo ngenxa yalokho, inqubo ye-oxidivation yayo yenzeka futhi umsiki angaba sediment phansi kwethangi.
Kwezinye izimo, kungazwakala sengathi amanzi athayipha emthonjeni unephunga lensimbi. Lokhu kungenye uphawu lokuqukethwe kwensimbi emanzini.
Imiphumela yensimbi engemihle
Uma amanzi okugqwala atholakala emthonjeni atholakala, izenzo ezisebenzayo kufanele zenziwe ukuze zihlanze e-iron. Kunqunywa yiqiniso lokuthi ukungcola kwensimbi kungalimaza impilo kuphela, kepha futhi kuholele ekulimaleni kohlelo lwamapayipi, iphampu, ukugqokwa kwamapayipi.- Imiphumela emibi yemiphumela yokugxila kwensimbi ephakeme ngempilo ivezwa ngesikhathi sokubukeka komzimba komzimba esikhunjeni, isisu kanye nokuphazamiseka kwamathumbu.
- Ukuhlaselwa okugqwala, ukunqamula odongeni lwesistimu yepayipi phambi kwezimonto ezintofontofo, kuqala ukukhula ngokuzala ngenxa yokuzala kabusha kwamagciwane, okuholela ekuqhekekeni kwemishini yokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Iphaneli kusuka ezintweni zemvelo ngesihloko sekwindla nezithombe
Ukugwema le miphumela emibi, kwanele ukwazi ukuthi ungawahlanza kanjani amanzi e-iron. Sinikeza ukuzijwayeza ngezindlela eziphambili zokubuyiselwa kwamanzi emthonjeni noma kahle ongasetshenziswa ekhaya.
Ukuxazulula amanzi
Le ndlela itholakala kakhulu futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Kungukufakwa ohlelweni lokuhlinzeka ngamanzi lwendlu yezwe noma ikotishi yendawo yokugcina eyengeziwe, isitsha sazo esikhethiwe ngokuya ngesidingo sansuku zonke emanzini. Izinzuzo zale ndlela kufanele zibe nokushibhile kwayo kanye namathuba okusetshenziswa kukagesi okunqanyuliwe. Ngokuphikisana nokusetshenziswa kwendlela yokusetha kusebenza amaqiniso anjengokuthi:
Ozonization
Susa insimbi emanzini kusuka emthonjeni ngezandla zawo ngokusebenzisa i-ozonation kunzima impela. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngalezi zinhloso kuyadingeka ukuthola kanye nokufakwa okuthe xaxa kwemishini eyengeziwe, izindleko zazo eziphakeme kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukubala ngokuphelele ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-ozonization kuzoba ngempumelelo.
Indlela yokubala ayisekelwe ekusebenzeni kwesidingo sansuku zonke emanzini, kepha futhi ngokuqondile incike kuhlobo futhi inani lokungcola okuyingozi elichithwe kulo.
I-aation
Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuthi ususe i-iron kusuka emanzini ngokuyithinta umoya-mpilo oqukethwe emoyeni. Amanzi afaneleke angenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili:
- Indlela engaguquki. Kuwukusebenzisa ama-sprayer akhethekile, adlule lapho uketshezi lugcwalisa ithangi. Ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle kwale ndlela, ithangi lamanzi lihlome nge-compressor, ukuhlinzeka ngokuhlinzekwa komoya okwengeziwe.
- Indlela yokucindezela. I-aeration yenzeka ngenxa yokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi ngaphansi kwengcindezi kwikholomu ye-aeral ekhethekile. Ngaphakathi kwekholomu, amagwebu anobudlova avela, adalwe ngenxa yekhanda eliqinile le-jet kanye nokukhishwa komoya okukhiqizwa yi-compressor. Le nqubo inomthelela ekucebiseni ngokushesha kwamanzi ngo-oksijini.
Ukungabaza okungabazayo okuhlanzayo kokuhlanzwa kwe-aeration kuyinto ubungane bayo bezemvelo ngokuphelele. Ukusuka kokubi kufanele kuqashelwe isidingo sokufaka okuphumayo kusuka ethangini lezihlungi ezikhethekile zemishini ezidinga ukuhlanzwa njalo. Ngokwezinga lokuhlanzwa, le ndlela iphakeme kakhulu ngokuxazulula, kepha inani eliphelele lokususa amanzi kusuka kwinsimbi aliqinisekisi.
Ukuhlunga kwamanzi kusuka ku-iron
Ukuhlanza amanzi kusuka emthonjeni kusuka kwinsimbi ngezandla zakho ngokufaka izihlungi ekhaya. Cabanga ngemininingwane eminingi ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokuhlanza ezisetshenziswa kubuchwepheshe bokuhlunga.Indlela yokushintshaniswa ye-Ionic
Indlela yokuhlanza imi ngalendlela elandelayo: Lapho amanzi edlula ngesihlungi, okuqukethwe kokwenziwa kwawo okusebenza kabusha okuvinjelwe okuvinjelwe kwemvelaphi yokwenziwa, ukusabela kokumiswa kwe-ionic kwenzeka. Iqiniso ngukuthi i-resin iqukethe ama-ions wamahhala - i-cation, okuyinto, ngokusabela lokhu, ithathelwa indawo yi-iron ion. Esikhathini sokuphuma kwesihlungi, amanzi ahlanzwa ngokuphelele kwinsimbi.
Indlela yokuhlanza amanzi e-catalytic
Lezi zihlungi zisebenzisa amandla amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene ukwenza njengezimo ezinamandla zomoya-mpilo lapho exhumana namanzi. Ukudlula ngaphandle kwesihlungi, i-iron ichithwe emanzini okubola ngamanzi ezinhlayiyeni ezincane kunazo zonke, ezisuswa kamuva futhi ziwe. Okubi kwale ndlela kufanele kufake isidingo sokuhlanzwa kwamanzi okuqala ngegciwane noma ukwethulwa kwama-reagents, ukuze kuvikeleke izihlungi ezivela emiphumeleni yokungcola okukhulu.Isihloko ngesihloko: Hlanganisa i-crochet entsha noma okhulumela ngokwezikimu
Indlela ye-Osmosis ehlekisayo
Le ndlela iqinisekisa ukuhlanzwa kwamanzi okuphelele ngokuqhathaniswa nabanye. Lokhu kutholakala ngenxa yokuthi ulwelwesi lokuhlunga luyakwazi ukubaphuza noma yiziphi izinhlobo zezinto ezingcolisayo ezingeni lamangqamuzana. Ngokuyisisekelo, ama-molecular reverse ama-osmotic membranes anzelwe ukuhlanza amanzi hhayi kangako ngensimbi, kodwa kusuka kumagciwane nosawoti.
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanza kuzo buncane kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngokuhlanzwa kwangaphambili kwamanzi ekungcoleni okukhulu kusetshenziswa izihlungi zemishini. Kuhle futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi izindleko zokuhlunga kwe-membrane ziphezulu ngokwanele.
Uhlelo lokuhlanza lwamanzi kusuka ku-Well
Ezimweni lapho ukunikezwa kwamanzi kwendlu kwenziwa khona lapho kuncishiswa amanzi athathwe emthonjeni, kunconyelwa ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokuhlunga oluningi. Izinyathelo eziphambili zalolu hlelo yilezi:Kungani udinga ukuhlanzwa kwamanzi kusuka kulayini?
Ubunzima obukhulu bakha uLime (calcium kanye ne-magnesium bicarbonate), babeka amanani amaningi emanzini ezifunda eziningi, futhi bathinta kabi izici ezinjalo:
- Ezempilo: Imetabolism iyaphazamiseka, isimo sesikhumba, izinwele, amazinyo ewohloka;
- Emisebenzini yezitho zangaphakathi: Ukwakheka kwama-infesciable aqhuba kuthinta uhlelo lwe-urogenital, bile kanye ne-cardiovascular system, izicubu zomzimba kanye nezinzwa zezinzwa nokwanda kokuhlangana kwegazi;
- Ekuphekeni (isikhathi senqubo siyanda, futhi izimfanelo zomkhiqizo zishintshiwe).
Ikhwalithi engeyinhle yamanzi e-limestone idala izinkinga ezinjalo:
- Ubunzima bendlu: insipho ayinamandla, ukuhlaselwa ezindongeni zezitsha kumiswa, kukhona ukuhlukaniswa okumhlophe ezingubeni ngemuva kokugeza;
- Ithonya Izindlela: Lapho Kufudumele, i-calcium carbonate yakha insolucoble ebunjiwe kuma-boiler kanye nemishini ye-boiler, izinto zasendlini, izingxenye zamapayipi, okuholela ekuqhekekeni futhi kukhuphule ukuphelelwa amandla futhi kukhuphule amandla kagesi;
- kuthinta kabi izinjini kanye ne-carberetors yemishini namanye amasu lapho kusetshenziswa khona amanzi;
- Amanzi anzima we-lime alimazele izitshalo, ukuvimbela ukumuncwa kwezinto eziwusizo zokulandela umkhondo.
Lapho usebenzisa amanzi e-lime, ubungozi bokuthuthukisa izifo zesikhumba ezinganeni ngu-87%.
Ungahlanza kanjani amanzi kusuka kulayini
Ukukhethwa kwendlela yokunciphisa kuncike endaweni yocingo lwamanzi kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe. Ukusula amanzi kusuka emthonjeni, kusebenza:I-Chlorine ye-Chlorine yakha i-compound eyingozi - chloroform, okuyinto, ngokuchayeka isikhathi eside emzimbeni, kunomthelela ekusebenzeni kwamaseli womdlavuza.
Isihloko ngesihloko: I-Tunic yentombazane enezikhulu ezine-coquette eyindilinga: amacebo ngencazelo
Uma kunokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi, ukusetshenziswa ngempumelelo:
Amanzi avela emthonjeni anokungcola okuningi okuthathwe emanzini aphansi komhlaba, kepha ahlanze lula kunasemthonjeni.
Ungawahlanza kanjani amanzi emthonjeni kusuka ku-lime
Amanzi asenzekayo ajulile, asebenza emthonjeni, anobulukhuni obukhulu. Izindlela eziningi eziyinkimbinkimbi zisetshenziselwa ukunciphisa.
Buyisela emuva i-osmosis
Lolu uhlelo lokuhlanza olujulile olwenzeka kumonakalo we-Ion. Indlela yokuhlanza isuselwa kumehluko kokucindezelwa okwenziwe ezinhlangothini zombili zolwelwesi olungavunyelwe khona. Umgomo wokusebenza ulele ngokugeleza kwamanzi kwimodyuli yokuqala enesihlungi se-polypropylene yokuhlanzwa kusuka ezinhlayiyeni ezingabonakali.Ngemuva kwalokho kulandela ukuguqukela kokubili, amalahle, ukuqeda ukungcola okuphilayo kanye namakhemikhali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uketshezi ludlula kwimodyuli yoqobo esongwe (ngokusebenzisa ulwelwesi olunobukhulu, usayizi wezimbobo ezilingana ne-molecule yamanzi, kanye nosawoti we-calcium kufakwa endaweni yokuhlunga). Amanzi ahlukaniswe imifudlana emibili: I-Net ingena kumapayipi, futhi ngokungcola endle.
Uhlelo lusebenza lapho usebenzisa iphampu eyengeziwe ekhulisa ingcindezi yamanzi, futhi ixhumeke kwigridi yamandla. Ngenxa yamaminerali owakhelwe ngaphakathi, inani elidingekayo likasawoti olahlekile lingeziwe. Indlela ye-Osmosis ehlekisayo ibhekwa njengenye efanelekayo lapho ihlanza uketshezi emthonjeni.
Ukuhlangana
Kubhekiswa kwinqubo yamakhemikhali neyomakhemikhali futhi kusebenza lapho usebenzisa iziqukathi ezengeziwe namaphampu. Umnyombo wendlela ukubuyisela (ngenxa yokusabela kwamakhemikhali kwe-calcium kanye ne-magnesium molecule) encibilikisiwe kuma-carbonate amanzi esimweni esiqinile. Ukususwa kwe-sediment ngendlela yemishini, nokuhlunga - noma iyiphi inketho etholakalayo.
Inzuzo yendlela iyizinga eliphakeme lokuhlanza (kuze kufike ku-1 microme). Ukukhetha okuyikho kokusebenzisana kuncike ezingeni le-PH kanye nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali koketshezi oluhlanziwe. I-Inorganic reagents isetshenziselwa ukuthambisa amanzi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi usawoti wensimbi kanye nosawoti we-aluminium. Banikela:
- Ukushintsha ileveli ye-PH;
- Ukusebenza kukagesi;
- Outdiction.
Izinhlelo zanamuhla zingalungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo inani le-coabulant. Ngokushintsha kwesizini ekwakhiweni kwamanzi (kokuhlaziya) kudinga ukulungiswa kweSikimu. Inqubo yokuhlangana isetshenziswa njengendlela ezimele, kanye nelinye lamagatsha ohlelo lohlelo.
Amanzi avela emthonjeni ahlanzekile kuphela ekungcoleni kwemvelo, futhi ukwakheka kwamaminerali kungaba yingozi!
I-Ultrafiltration
Indlela ifana ne-osmosis eguqukayo, kuphela ulwelwesi lusetshenziswa i-fiber-porous. I-flow fluid idlula kusihlungi, ukuhlanza kusuka ku-colloidal lime, izinhlayiya ezinobungozi ze-organic kanye ne-pathogenic microflora.Ukuhlunga kwamakhemikhali
Kungenye yezindlela ezishibhile. Kulokhu, i-realent ibonakala kulamula. Ngenxa yokusabela kwamakhemikhali, i-calcium carbonate ifakwa. Uketshezi luvikelwe futhi luhlungwa. Kokubili inzuzo yendlela nengozi ukutholakala kwe-reagent.