Njengamanje, phansi okufudumele kuya ngokuya kuthandwa njengenye indlela yokushisa igumbi. Isizathu sokuthi abanikazi befulethi abaningi nezindlu ezizimele bakhetha amasistimu wokushisa angaphandle, ukulula kwabo kanye nokusebenza kahle.
Kuliqiniso, ukufakwa kwalezo zinhlaka ezinjalo zokushisa kubandakanya umsebenzi omningi oqondayo. Omunye wale misebenzi ukugcwaliswa komhlaba ofudumele ngethayikhokhokho.
Yini oyidingayo i-screed
Ukhonkolo uvikela uhlelo lokushisa
Masinyane, ukubizwa kombango akunconywanga kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamasistimu wokushisa phansi. Ukugcwaliswa kwezivunguvungu zensimu efudumele kwenziwa uma ikhebula noma amapayipi kagesi (isitezi samanzi esifudumele) sisetshenziswa njengezakhi zokudlulisa ukushisa.
Uma kwenzeka uhlela ukulingana nezinyawo zikagesi egumbini, lapho kwenziwa khona ukudluliswa kokushisa kusetshenziswa imisebe ye-infrared, khona-ke akufanele ihlele i-screed phezu kwazo. Gcwalisa phansi efudumele kuleli cala kufanelekile njengesisekelo sikakhonkolo sefilimu ye-IR.
Izakhi zokushisa eziphansi eziphansi ziphishekela izinhloso ezimbili eziphambili:
- Umsebenzi wokuvikela. Ukhonkolo othululelwe phezu kohlelo lokushisa luhlinzeka ngokuphila okusheshe insizakalo yohlelo. Kuvimbela i-abrasion yezakhiwo zokudlulisa ukushisa, inxephezela ngengcindezi kuzo kusuka kunesisindo sezinto ezingaphakathi futhi ezitholakala ezakhiweni zabantu. Ukugcwaliswa kwamanzi okufudumele kwaphansi kukuvumela ukuthi ugweme ukufuduka kwamapayipi epulasitiki, kanye ne-screed ngemibhalo yekhebula - kuvikela ukufakwa kwezintambo zikagesi ngomonakalo;
- Umsebenzi wokudlulisa ukushisa. Ukhonkolo Ngokuphambene nokhuni kanye nezinto eziningi ze-polymeric zinokuningi okuphoqelekile kokushisa okuphezulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, uma uthela i-concrete screen, ukusebenza kahle kwegumbi lokushisa kukhuphuka nge-oda lobukhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nolwazi olungaphansi kwezinto zokhuni noma olungaphandle.
Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphezulu kakhulu komsebenzi we- "Work" wekhonkrithi lokudluliselwa kokushisa, izinto zokwenziwa ngokudluliswa okuphezulu - amathayi, itshe lemvelo, amatshe e-porcelain, ama-porcelain terhoware kufanele akhethwe njengenhlanganisela yokuqedela.
Uma ukhaphethi ukhonkolo, ibhodi lamapulangwe, i-laminate the substrate, ayikwazi ukwehliswa kungabi namthelela ekusetshenzisweni kosimende.
Umdwebo ofudumele wephansi
Naphezu kokubonakala kobulula emsebenzini, ukugcwaliswa kocansi olufudumele ngezandla zabo kudinga ukugcinwa kwemithetho namazinga eminingana wokwakha. Cabanga ukuthi ungayithululela kanjani kahle phansi efudumele efulethini ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza kwawo okuhlala isikhathi eside.
Umsebenzi wokulungiselela
Ngaphambi kokuthulula phansi okufudumele, kufanele kwenziwe umsebenzi omningi wokulungiselela. Okokuqala, isisekelo sesisekelo sokhonkolo kufanele silinganiswe futhi sibekwe phansi, bese sihlomisa ukuphazamisela amanzi.Isihloko ngesihloko: Ungayikhipha kanjani amabala egazi amadala ezingutsheni noma ngefenisha
Shpaled ne-primer
Mboza ukugoqa ama-slabs
Ukuqala, ukudiliza zonke izimbangi zaphansi kuze kufike ku-Draft Floor noma ama-slabs of sndelaps. Ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukubheka ngokucophelela isisekelo sokuba khona kwemifantu nemifantu. Ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe emalungeni ama-slabs phansi, kanye nezingxenye zenhlanganisela yezitezi nezindonga.
Zonke izikhala ezitholakele kufanele zigxishwe kusetshenziswa udaka noma udaka ngodaka. Emva kwalokho, isizinda sikakhonkolo siyindawo enhle yokwandisa i-hood coeffliction yokufaka imali engenalutho ngokhonkolo.
Ukuvimbela amanzi
Izinto zokwenziwa ezigoqiwe zifakwe ezingxenyeni ezimbili noma ezintathu
Ukuvimbela amanzi kubekwe ngaphezulu kwesisekelo ngaphambi kokuthulula phansi okufudumele. Ukwenza ngcono ungqimba lwamanzi-ungqimba ngaphambi kokugcwaliswa kokhonkolo, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa noma kungaba ukunamathela noma ukugoqa amanzi.
Ukufakwa emanzini okugoqiwe kwakhiwa ngesisekelo seBitumen futhi kuhanjiswa emakethe ngendlela yezinto ezibonakalayo ezingangeni manzi, eziqoshiwe ku-roll, lapho igama lakhona liye khona. Kusetshenziswa esisekelweni sikakhonkolo sesitika usebenzisa i-mastic esisekelweni se-bitumen noma i-polymer njengendlela yokunamathela.
Ukusetshenziswa kwangana manzi okungavunyelwe kungenziwa ngezendlalelo ezi-2 zika-2-3 zokuvikelwa okusebenzayo ekulweni nokungena komusi nomswakama kusuka engaphansi, noma ukuvikela phansi amanzi aphansi ngokuzumayo, uma kungazelelwe amanzi afudumele ngokuzumayo anika ukugeleza.
Ukuvunyelwa kwamanzi okuvumayo kungama-master asetshenziswayo ebusweni besisekelo ngosizo lwamabhulashi nama-roller. Isisekelo sama-mastics aphendulayo amanzi yi-polymer noma izingoma ze-bitumen ezinama-adhesion aphezulu.
Ngenxa yalokhu, bayakwazi ukungena kuyo yonke imifantu emincane kakhulu kanye nama-pores ngaphakathi kwezindawo zokhonkolo, ukwephula ukufinyelela kuzinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu zomswakama.
Futhi, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-mastic kuzosiza ukuqinisa indawo ekhonkolo ebuthakathaka, ithambekele ekufakweni.
Ukuthela uthayi.
Ngemuva kokwenza wonke umsebenzi wokulungiselela, siqhubeka ngqo nokugcwaliseka kokhonkolo.Ukukhetha ukugcwala kokugcwalisa
Kusukela ukugcwalisa phansi ngezandla zakho ngokuhambisana namazinga wokwakha, ekuqaleni ukunquma ukukhethwa kwezinto. Lokhu kuzoncika kwizici zomsebenzi owengeziwe.
Izinto ezilandelayo zingasetshenziswa ukuze zihlele i-concrete screed:
- Ukuxubeka okusomile kwe-sandbetone;
- Lungiselela ikhambi likasimende ngokwakho;
- Sebenzisa izitebhisi ezi-bulk ezizimele.
Ngayinye yalezi zinketho inezinzuzo zayo.
Ukuxubeka okulungele
Ukuxuba okulungiselelwe okulungiselelwe kungathengwa ezitolo ezinkulu kakhulu zokwakha. Phakathi kwezinzuzo zabo, ungacacisa ukwakheka okulinganiselayo nokungaphambi kokukhethwa, okubandakanya:
- isihlabathi sengxenye enkulu enobubanzi obungafika ku-2 - 3 mm;
- IPortland Cement M-300 noma i-M-400 Brand;
- Izithasiselo ezengeziwe zokuthuthukisa (amapulasitiki, njll).
Lokhu kukhulula esidlweni sokukhetha ngokuzimela nokuthatha izingxenye zesisombululo sikakhonkolo.
Izitezi ezizimele
Zingenye yezinhlobo zezingxube ezenziwe ngomumo. Umehluko wabo omkhulu kusuka ku-adgetrate asele yikhono lokuzimela ngemuva kokugcwaliswa.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Ungapheka kanjani nge-inverter ye-welding? Isu Lokuphepha
Lokhu kutholakala ngenxa yokuba khona kokubukwa kwabo kwezithasiselo ezikhethekile ze-polymer ezinikeza isixazululo esiqediwe ngosayizi oluphezulu noketshezi. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngemuva kokuzisebenzisa esisekelweni, izitezi eziningi zisakazeka kulo lonke uhlangothi lwalo luye engqimba elibushelelezi.
Imvamisa, phansi inqwaba phansi kuthululelwa ungqimba lwe-5 - 10 mm. Ngomehluko omkhulu ngokwengeziwe, amanani we-Grounds awasetshenziswa i-Interepedient ngenxa yezindleko eziphakeme.
I-Peskobeton yenza ngokwakho
Phansi kokhonkolo, enikwa amandla yisikhathi sakhe sesabelomali
Ngaphandle kwazo zonke izinzuzo zobuchwepheshe obungenhla, bane-minus eyodwa enkulu - izindleko eziphakeme kakhulu. Inketho yesabelomali esiningi iphansi, embozwe ngezandla zayo ngodaka lwalo usimende olulungiselelwe.
Kulokhu, ungagcina inani elibalulekile, kepha le ndlela isenazo izingqinamba zayo. Okokuqala, lesi isidingo sokuthenga zonke izakhi (usimende, isihlabathi, izengezo) ngokwahlukana.
Umthamo futhi kuleli cala wenziwa ngokuzimela - kaningi "emehlweni", okungenzeka ukuthi athinte ikhwalithi yesisombululo sikakhonkolo. Kepha makube yilokho njengoba kungenzeka, ubuchwepheshe obunjalo bokuhlelwa kwe-screeds endlini yabo namuhla bathandwa kakhulu.
Ukulungiselela usimende kasimende
Bambelela ngezilinganiso lapho bexubana nokhonkolo
Ukufaka ukopele usimende Screed kunconywa kuphela ezisekelweni zikakhonkolo. Iqiniso ngukuthi lelo zv. m. Ukhonkolo ugcwalise ngosayizi we-50 mm unesisindo esijwayelekile sama-200 kg. Futhi umthwalo owengeziwe womthwalo ngaphandle kokukhubazeka awukwazi ukubekezelela iningi lezitezi zokhuni.
Lungiselela udaka lwe-cunce screed ekhaya alunzima. Kungakho iningi lamakhosi asekhaya asathanda inqubo enjalo.
Ungalungisa ukwakheka kwesimende ku "izindlela zokupheka" eziningana. Inketho ye-Classic ithatha ukuba khona kwezithako ezilandelayo:
- Usimende m-400 - ingxenye eyi-1.
- Ibinzana elikhulu lesibili (umfula ogeziwe noma owakha imvuthuluka) - izingxenye ezi-3.
- Amanzi angezwa kuze kube yilapho inhlanganisela yokuhlangana iyatholakala.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhluka okuthuthukile kwengxube kakhonkolo-ukhonkolo kungalungiswa ngokuzimela.
Ngalezi zinhloso, izengezo ezahlukahlukene ze-polymer zingezwa kwikhambi - i-fibrovolock, ama-polymer fillers, njll. Benza ikhambi lithambe futhi libe yipulasitiki, okwenza lula ukuqondaniswa.
Ithebula libonisa ubungako bokuqhathanisa bezakhi zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezisombululo zokwenza usimende.
Ukuthulula ukhonkolo
Ngokushesha ngaphambi kokugcwaliswa kwesixazululo, faka uhlaka, oluqinisa ungqimba oluhle. Kulokhu, i-masonry mesh ilungele impela, i-wire wire yensimbi noma ukufakwa kwe-fiberglass. Ngemuva kwalokho, usebenzisa isakhiwo noma izinga le-laser, senza uphawu lwendiza evundlile yegumbi. Ukuthi ungakhonkolo phansi kanjani, bheka kule vidiyo:
Ngasolangeni, sifeza umugqa ohambelana nezinga elivundlile, futhi phakathi kwezindonga zibukisa "ama-beacons" - ngokhuni noma omakhayo wokhuni noma wensimbi, umaka ukuphakama kwesihlahlandlela sikakhonkolo. Zihlanganise ngosizo lwezinga kanye nama-clern wokhuni noma amanye ama-linings.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Amanzi Amhlophe
Ngenxa yalokhu, yonke indawo yaleso sakhiwo izohlukaniswa ngama-beacons aqondiswa ezingxenyeni eziningana.
Emva kwalokho, siqhubeka ngqo nokuthululwa kokhonkolo olwela ukhonkolo, ehlele phezu kwegumbi, evumelana nesihlabathi ngokuhambisana nezinga lama-beacons asebenzisa umthetho.
Iphansi eligcwele izikhukhula ngemuva kwemizuzu eyi-10-15 kufanele ihambisane nokusebenzisa i-grout yensimbi - izoyinika ubushelelezi obungeziwe.
Uma uthatha isinqumo sokusebenzisa izitebhisi ezi-bulk ezizimele emsebenzini, umsebenzi uzokwenziwa lula kakhulu. Kulokhu, udinga kuphela ukubhekwa, khona-ke ngobukhulu besendlalelo ngobuningi, ama-bubble omoya awakhiwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa ama-roller enaliti akhethekile, "asonge" lonke indawo egcwele izikhukhula.
Ukubeka uhlelo lokushisa nokuqeda ukugcwaliswa
Ngemuva kwesendlalelo sokuqala sikakhonkolo iqandisiwe ngokwanele, ungaqala ukubeka uhlelo lokushisa phansi. Ngemininingwane esesimweni sokufudumele phansi nokugcwaliswa kokhonkolo wakhe, bheka le vidiyo:
Ukwenza phansi okufudumele kufanele kwenziwe ngokuya ngemiyalo yokusetshenziswa kwayo. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi uma kwenzeka kunephutha, kuzodingeka ukuthi kwenze kube nokwenzeka ukukhiqiza umsebenzi odla isikhathi ekushayweni kwekhonkolo.
Isikhathi seqoqo lokugcwaliswa kokhonkolo kwenqaba egcwele cishe amasonto amane. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukubeka izingxenye zokushisa zohlelo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, ngokushesha nje lapho i-screede iqina ngokwanele ukubekezelela isisindo somuntu.
Lapho uthela ukhonkolo, ungavula ukufudumeza phansi komiswa okusheshayo
Ngemuva kokufaka izinto zokushisa, zingasetshenziswa ukusheshisa ukomiswa kokhonkolo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuvula phansi okufudumele kwamandla acishe abe ngu-1/10 aphezulu, engeza ama-degree ama-3 kuye kwayi-5 ngosuku ngalunye.
Ngenxa yalokhu, ukhonkolo uzokoma ngokushesha okukhulu, okuzonciphisa izinsuku zomsebenzi eziphelele ekuhlelweni kwezikrini.
Ngokushesha nje lapho ungqimba olungaphansi lombhalo kwanele, siqala ukuthulula isendlalelo sesibili sikakhonkolo. Ukuthelula indawo efudumele yamanzi noma uhlelo lokushisa kagesi kudinga ukuqashelwa okwaziwayo ngenxa yethuba lokulimaza amapayipi epulasitiki noma i-wiring. Ubuchwepheshe bokugcwalisa ngokhonkolo kuleli cala buyafana nokuthululwa kwesendlalelo sokuqala.
I-mesh eqinisiwe ibekwe ngaphezulu kwezitezi ezifudumele kanye nosimende usithelwa. Ubukhulu besendlalelo esingaphezulu sokhonkolo kufanele banele ukuvikela izinto zokushisa ethonyeni langaphandle.
Imvamisa, ungqimba olungenhla luthathwa ngobukhulu obungu-3 - 5 cm, noma ngabe usebenzisa izengezo ezengeziwe ezithuthukisa ikhwalithi yesisombululo, ubukhulu bengqimba bungancishiswa bube ngu-1 - 2 cm. Ingaphezulu lesendlalelo sesibili Yenziwe ngeleveli, ngoba ukuqeda floore floor kuzobekwa kuwo.