Okwangoku, imigangatho efudumeleyo iyaqhubeka ithandwa njengenye indlela yokufudumeza igumbi. Isizathu sokuba abanini-ndlu bengaphezulu kunye nezindlu zabucala zikhethe iinkqubo zokufudumeza, zilula kwaye zisebenza kakuhle.
Kuyinyani, ufakelo lwezixhobo zokufudumeza kubandakanya inani lomsebenzi olwenziweyo. Enye yezi nzame kukugcwalisa umgangatho ofudumeleyo ngekhonkrithi yekhonkrithi.
Yintoni oyifunayo?
Ikhonkrithi ikhusela inkqubo yokufudumeza
Ngokukhawuleza, ngokungxamisekileyo akucetyiswanga kubo bonke iintlobo zenkqubo yokufudumeza phantsi. Ukuzaliswa kwe-Shurls yomgangatho ofudumeleyo kwenziwa ukuba intambo yombane okanye imibhobho (umgangatho wamanzi ashushu) usetyenziswa njengezinto zokudluliselwa kobushushu.
Kwimeko apho ucwangcisa ukulingana kwifilimu yombane kwigumbi, apho kudluliselwa ubushushu kusetyenziswa imitha ye-infrared, ke akufuneki bacwangcise abahle kakhulu. Gcwalisa umgangatho oshushu kule meko ifanelekile njengesiseko sekhonkrithi kwi-Ir ye-I.
Ukuthathela ingqalelo izinto zokukhumbula kusukela ezimbini iinjongo:
- Umsebenzi wokukhusela. Ikhonkrithi igalelwe ngendlela yokufudumeza ibonelela ubomi obude benkonzo yenkqubo. Ithintele i-Abrasion yezakhiwo zokudlulisela ubushushu, ixhasa uxinzelelo kubo ukusuka kubunzima bezinto zangaphakathi kwaye zibekwe kwindawo yabantu. Ukuzaliswa komgangatho wamanzi ashushu kukuvumela ukuba uphephe ukufuduswa kwemibhobho yeplastiki, kwaye i-scred ngaphezulu kwemigangatho yentambo - kukhusela ukufunyanwa kweengcingo zombane kwimonakalo;
- Umsebenzi wokuretshiswa kobushushu. Ikhonkrithi ngokwahlukileyo kwiinkuni kwaye uninzi lwezixhobo ezininzi ze-polymeric zinezinto eziphezulu zobushushu. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba ugalela ikhonkrithi, ukusebenza kwegumbi lokufudumeza kunyuka ngomyalelo wobungakanani xa kuthelekiswa nolwazi lokwenza umthi okanye izinto ezihlanganisiweyo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukusetyenzwa ngokufezekileyo 'komsebenzi "wekhonkrithi yekhonkrithi, izixhobo ezinobushushu obuphezulu-iithayile, ilitye lendalo, i-Porcelain ye-Porcelain kufuneka ikhethwe njengokugqitywa kokuqeshwa.
Ukuba ikhaphethi yekhonkrithi, iBhodi yeWappen, yemilenze kwi-substrate, ayinakuncitshiswa ibe yimpembelelo ekusetyenzisweni kwesamente.
Umzobo wemigangatho efudumeleyo
Ngaphandle kokubona ukulula komsebenzi, ukuzalisa ngesondo ngokufudumeleyo ngezandla zabo kufuna ukugcinwa kwemithetho nemigangatho yokwakha. Cinga ngendlela yokuthulula ngokufanelekileyo umgangatho ofudumeleyo eflethini ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza kwalo ixesha elide.
Umsebenzi wokulungiselela
Phambi kokuba uqele imigangatho efudumeleyo, inani lomsebenzi wokulungiselela kufuneka lwenziwe. Okokuqala, isiseko somgangatho wekhonkrithi kufuneka sikhutshiwe kwaye sikhutshwe, emva koko sinike amanzi.Inqaku lesihloko: Ungayirhoxisa njani igazi lakudala legazi kwiingubo okanye ifenitshala
Ikhutshiwe kwaye iphambili
Gubungela i-terlabs
Ukuqala, ukugxeka yonke imigangatho yomgangatho ukuya kumgangatho okanye i-slabs ye-oglaps. Emva koko kufuneka uhlole ngononophelo isiseko sobukho be-rocks kunye ne-rock. Ingqwalaselo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe kumalungu ee-SLAB ze-FOBS, kunye namacandelo okudityaniswa kwamanqanaba kunye neendonga.
Zonke izithuba ezifunyenweyo kufuneka zingeniswe kusetyenziswa i-Plaster okanye i-Plaster Ad. Emva koko, isiseko sekhonkrithi siyinto ekwandiseni i-hood i-hood yokusebenza kwezinto ezibonakalayo zekhonkrithi.
Ukuhamba kwamanzi
Izinto eziqengqelelwe zithathwe kwimigca emibini okanye emithathu i-petpedpecular enye kwenye
Ukupheliswa kwamanzi kubekwe ngaphezulu kwesiseko ngaphambi kokuba uqele umgangatho ofudumeleyo. Ukuphucula umaleko ophindaphindiweyo wamanzi ngaphambi kokugcwaliswa kwekhonkrithi, kunokwenzeka ukuba usebenzise ukungqengqa okanye ukuqengqeleka amanzi.
Ukuqengqeleka amanzi ajikelezwe sisiseko se-bitumen kwaye wasiwa kwimarike ngendlela yezinto ezingafakwanga amanzi, eqiniswe kuluhlu, ukusuka apho igama layo lihambe khona. Isetyenziswa kwisiseko sekhonkrithi sesincamathelisi sisebenzisa i-mastic kwi-bitumen okanye isiseko sePolymer njengokuqubuda.
Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi aqulunqa amanzi anokwenziwa kwi-2 yeendawo ezinqumlayo ukwenza ukhuseleko olululo ekungeneni kwe-steam kunye nokufuma komgangatho ophantsi, ukuba umgangatho wamanzi ashushu awunika ukuhamba.
Ukukhutshelwa kwamanzi yi-mastings isetyenziswa kumphezulu wesiseko ngoncedo lweebhulukhwe kunye neengxondorha. Isiseko se-mastic yokuphinda iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde i-polymer okanye i-bitumerations ye-bitumes ene-adherion ephezulu.
Ngenxa yoku, bayakwazi ukungena kuzo zonke izinto ezincinci ezincinci kunye ne-pores ngaphakathi kwendawo yekhonkrithi, ukwaphula ukufikelela kumasuntswana amancinci.
Kwakhona, ukuqeshwa kwe-mastic kuya kunceda ukomeleza indawo ebuthathaka yekhonkrithi, i-prone yokufaka imibala.
Ukuthulula itoti.
Emva kokwenza wonke umsebenzi wokulungiselela, uqhubeka ngqo ngokuzalisa i-Conrete Card.Ukukhetha umxube wokugcwalisa
Ukusukela ukugcwalisa umgangatho ngezandla zakho ngokuthobela imigangatho yokwakha, ekuqaleni kokuqala kokukhetha izinto. Oku kuyakuxhomekeka kwiimpawu zawo wonke umsebenzi wokuqhubeka.
Izinto ezilandelayo zinokusetyenziswa ukucwangciswa kwekhonkrithi yekhonkrithi:
- Ilungile lowomileyo weSandbeli;
- Lungiselela isisombululo sesamente ngokwakho;
- Sebenzisa imigangatho ye-bulf ye-Bulk.
Nganye kolu khetho lunezibonelelo zayo.
Ilungele ukuxuba
Ukulungelelaniswa kwemijelo eyomileyo kunokuthengwa uninzi lokwakha iivenkile ezinkulu. Phakathi kweengenelo zabo, unokuchaza ubume bendlela elungeleleneyo kunye nokukhethwa kwangaphambili, ebandakanya:
- Isanti yeqhezu elikhulu kunye nobubanzi be-2 ukuya kwi-3 mm;
- Isamente yePortland i-M-300 okanye i-M-400 Brand;
- Ukongezwa koPhuculo lwezongezo (iiPlasitifo, njl. Njl.).
Oku khululeka kwimfuno yokuzimela ngokukhethekileyo khetha kwaye ukwenzela amacandelo esisombululo sekhonkrithi.
Inqanaba lokuzimela
Yenye yeentlobo zemixube esenziwe. Umahluko omkhulu ophakathi kokugxila kukukwazi ukuzibandakanya emva kokugcwaliswa.
Inqaku lesihloko: Ungapheka njani nge-ining engaphakathi? Indlela yokhuseleko
Oku kufezekiswa ngenxa yobukho babo bokuqulunqwa kwabo i-polymer ekhethekileyo enika isisombululo esigqityiweyo ngeplasitiki ephezulu kunye nolwelo. Ngenxa yoko, emva kokufaka kwisiseko, imigangatho emininzi imigangatho yamaninzi isasazeka kuwo wonke umphezulu wayo ukuya kwilazi eligudileyo.
Ngokwesiqhelo, imigangatho emininzi igalelwe i-5 ukuya kwi-10 mm. Umahluko omkhulu ngakumbi, amaxabiso emihlaba awasetyenziswanga ngenxa yendleko eziphezulu.
I-Pekobeton yenze ngokwakho
Umgangatho wekhonkrithi, oxhotyiswa yindlela yakhe yohlahlo-lwabiwo mali
Ngaphandle kwazo zonke izibonelelo zetekhnoloji engentlalweni, zinemitha enkulu ye-chas - indleko eziphezulu. Olona hlobo lwemali yohlahlo-lwabiwo mali lomgangatho, lugqunywe ngezandla zalo kudaka lwabo lokucwangcisa.
Kule meko, ungasindisa inani elikhulu, kodwa olu khetho lusaba neengxaki zalo. Okokuqala, le yimfuno yokuthenga onke amacandelo (i-fume, isanti, izongezo) ngokwahlukeneyo.
Umthamo nakweli tyala kwenziwa ngokuzimeleyo - uninzi lwe "emehlweni", nto leyo ayichaphazelekanga kakhulu umgangatho wesisombululo sekhonkrithi. Kodwa makube njalo, itekhnoloji yokucwangciswa kwesitshixo kwindlu yabo namhlanje ithandwa kakhulu.
Ukulungiswa kwesamente
Ulandele ingqalelo xa uxuba umxube wekhonkrithi
Ukukhutshwa kwesamente yesamente kuyacetyiswa kuphela kwiziseko zekhonkrithi. Inyani yile 1 kv. m. Ikhonkrithi Gcwalisa ngobungqingqwa eyi-50 mm inomthwalo ophakathi wama-200 kg. Kwaye umthwalo owongezelelekileyo ongenaziphoso akakwazi ukumelana uninzi lomgangatho wamaplanga.
Lungiselela udaka ngenxa yesamente kwikhaya alinzima. Kungenxa yoko le nto uninzi lwekhaya lusakhetha ubuchule.
Ungalungiselela ukwenziwa kwesamente kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo ". Inketho yeklasikhi ithatha ubukho bezi zithako zilandelayo:
- Isamente M-400 - 1 Inxalenye.
- Ibinzana elikhulu le-Sand (ihlathiwe okanye i-crumb yokwakha) - iinxalenye ezi-3.
- Amanzi adityanisiwe kude kube kungqineka i-umxube ifezekisiwe.
Ukongeza, ukwahluka okuphuculwa komxube we-Sand-Prisorte umxube ngokuzimeleyo.
Ngezi njongo, ukongezwa kwee-polymer ezahlukeneyo zongezwa kwisisombululo - i-fibrovock, ifilimu ye-polymer, njl. Benza isisombululo sithambekele kwaye seplastiki, esinokwenza lula ukulungelelanisa.
Itheyibhuli ibonisa inani lokuthelekisa lamacandelo eentlobo ngeentlobo zezisombululo zesamente.
Ikhonkrithi yokuThumela ikhonkrithi
Ngokukhawuleza ngaphambi kokugcwaliswa kwesisombululo, ukhangela isikhokelo, esibonisa i-scrims feed. Kule, i-mesh ye-mesh ilunge kakhulu, icingo lesinyithi lentsimbi okanye i-fiberglass ye-fires. Emva koko, ukusebenzisa isakhiwo okanye inqanaba le-laser, senza uphawu lwendiza ethe tyaba yegumbi. Indlela yokukhonkxa umgangatho, jonga kule vidiyo:
Ecaleni kweendonga, siqhuba umgca ohambelana nomgangatho othe tyaba, kwaye phakathi kweembobo zodonga " Zilungelelanise ngoncedo lwenqanaba kunye neeplanga ezinamaplanga okanye amanye amakhonkco.
Inqaku lesihloko: Amanzi kakuhle
Ngenxa yoko, indawo yonke yezakhiwo iya kwahlulwa ziiBecon eziKhokelo kwiindawo ezininzi.
Emva koko, qhubeka ngqo kwi-paring yenqanaba lekhonkrithi, igumbi ngaphezulu kwendawo yokuhlala, ukulungelelanisa iSandbetone ngokungqinelana nenqanaba leebhedi.
Umhlaba omile emva kwemizuzu eli-10 ukuya kweli-15 kufuneka uhambelane usebenzisa i-grout yensimbi - iya kuyinika ukongeza.
Ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokusebenzisa imigangatho yokuzimela ngokwakho emsebenzini, umsebenzi uya kwenziwa lula. Kule meko, kufuneka ubekwe esweni, ngoko ke ubukhulu bobungqingqwa, akwenziwa amaqamli omoya. Ukwenza oku, sebenzisa iidiliya zenaliti ezikhethekileyo, eziqengqeleka "umhlaba wonke.
Ukubeka inkqubo yokufudumeza kunye nokugqiba ukugcwalisa
Emva komaleko wokuqala wekhonkrithi oqaqambileyo, ungaqala ukubeka inkqubo yokufuduka komhlaba. Ngeenkcukacha kwifowuni yomgangatho ofudumeleyo kunye nokuzaliswa kwekhonkrithi yakhe, jonga le vidiyo:
Ukwenza umgangatho ofudumeleyo kufuneka kwenziwe ngokungqinelana nemiyalelo yokusetyenziswa kwayo. Ifanele ikhunjulwe ukuba kwimeko yempazamo, kuya kuba yimfuneko ukuba ikwazi ukuvelisa umsebenzi osebenzisa ixesha xa ikhutshiwe kwikhonkrithi yekhonkrithi.
Ixesha leseti yekhonkrithi ezalisa inqaba epheleleyo iphantse ibe ziiveki ezi-4. Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ubeke izinto zokufudumeza inkqubo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, kwakamsinya nje ukuba i-scred iba somelele ngokwaneleyo ukuba ingakhathaleli ubunzima bomntu.
Xa ugalela ikhonkrithi, unokuvula ukufudumeza komgangatho woma ngokukhawuleza
Emva kokufaka izinto zokufudumeza, zingasetyenziselwa ukukhawulezisa ukomiswa kwekhonkrithi. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka ujike kumgangatho wakho ofudumeleyo malunga ne-1/10 yamandla aphezulu, ukongeza i-3 ukuya kwi-5 degrees ngosuku ngalunye.
Ngenxa yoko, ikhonkrithi iya komisa ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo iya kunciphisa imihla yonke yomsebenzi kwilungiselelo lesikrini.
Ngokukhawuleza xa ungqimba ongezantsi kwesikrini wanele, siqala ukugalela umaleko wesibini wekhonkrithi. Ukuthulula umgangatho ofudumeleyo wamanzi okanye inkqubo yokufudumeza yombane kufuna isilumkiso esaziwayo ngenxa yokuba kunokwenzeka ukuba kubekho imibhobho yeplastiki okanye i-wiring. Itekhnoloji yokugcwalisa ikhonkrithi kule meko iyafana nokuthululwa kwecala lokuqala.
Ukunyanzeliswa kwe-mesh ibekwe ngaphezulu komgangatho oshushu kunye nodaka lwesamente lithululiwe. Ubungqingqwa bohlobo oluphezulu lwekhonkrithi kufuneka lwanele ukukhusela izinto zokufudumeza kwimpembelelo yangaphandle.
Ngokwesiqhelo, umaleko ophezulu uthathwe ngobungqingqwa be-3 ukuya kwi-5 cm, xa usebenzisa ezongezeleleko ezongeziweyo eziphucula umgangatho wesisombululo, ubungqingqwa obungancitshiswa buncitshiswe kwi-1 - 2 cm. Umphezulu wecala lesibini inyibilikiswe le nqanaba, kuba umgangatho wokugqibela uya kubekwa kuwo.