Modern design of apartments dictates new requirements for ceiling. Find a wide use of suspended and stretch ceilings, ceilings from plastic panels and others. Installation of point lamps with their own hands solves the problem of a modern approach to lighting. Increasingly, the massive chanderer is replaced by the source of directional point lighting.
Properly installed point lamps lightly illuminate the room.
Installation of point luminaires with their own hands is quite simple. At the same time, the use of such equipment allows you to use the main advantage - uniform room lighting, ensure the absence of shadows. The large range of outputs produced allows you to choose your favorite shape and color shade of the glow.
Basic design dot lamps
Scheme of connecting point ceiling lights for 220V.
Point lamps are installed in suspended or overhead systems (including the use of drywall), in which the gap between the main surface is provided, where the equipment and the room element is mounted. Usually they are placed on the ceiling or wall. Sometimes the elements of furniture decorate with point lamps.
In the general case, the design of the point lamp includes the following elements:
- Mounting fittings (housing) with spring-loaded legs, on which the cartridge is attached;
- mirror reflector;
- external decorative panel;
- lamp.
Connection diagram of the protection device of halogen lamps.
The outer plastic or metal panel is fixed on the front surface of the suspension system. As a rule, it has a round shape, but maybe in the form of a square, polygon, asterisks, etc. The color of the panel can be selected at the discretion of the consumer. It creates a decorative look and limits the area of the lamp.
As a light source in a dot lamp, a small-sized incandescent lamp can be used, luminescent, halogen or LED lamp. Such lamps can be designed for different voltage, 12 or 100 (110) B with connecting through a downgrade transformer or 220 V. To summarize the power supply, the equipment is supplied with contact terminals or from the cartridge already ready to attach the sections of the wires. The cartridge is used standard, with screw thread.
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Sometimes to ensure the possibility of changing the direction of the luminous flux, the design of the lamp complicate the introduction of hinges. Lamps of such lamps have an unusual flavored flask and are concluded in the second glass case.
Preparation for installation work
Scheme of installation of point lamps.
During the preparation of the installation, it is necessary to resolve the question, as in which sets of lamps. First of all, it is necessary to clarify the sufficiency of the gap between the mounted element and the ceiling to install the lighting device, based on the condition that for the halogen lamp, the minimum depth is 60 mm, and for the incandescent lamp is at least 120 mm.
The number and distance between the lamps are determined by the necessary illumination of the room and its uniformity in the area. When determining these parameters, several conditions should be taken into account:
- The power of each lamp should not exceed 40 W to exclude overheating on the installation site.
- The light beam sector from each lighting device is, as a rule, 30º, and to ensure uniformity of illumination, light beams must overlap each other. This condition determines that the ceiling height is 2.5-2.7 m, the minimum distance between the lamps is 1 m.
- Finally, the number of elements is determined by the pattern that should be formed on the ceiling after installation.
Device point lamp.
The tool required for the preparatory work:
- electric drill;
- crown milling;
- knife;
- roulette;
- Level meter.
Preparatory work on the installation begin with the markup of the location of the lamps on the ceiling. Initially, the position of the lamps extremely to the wall is noted.
In order for the wall not to be in the shade and was evenly illuminated, the distance from the wall to the first lamps should be no more than 60 cm.
Then there is a markup of the position of the remaining lighting devices according to the selected location and taking into account that the distance between them is not more than 1 m.
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In places of marking, holes are drilled under spot lights with a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the lamp body. The greatest application found lighting devices with a diameter of 68 mm. The hole is made by drilling an electrical drill with an outstanding crown (under the tree) of the desired diameter.
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Mounting scheme for plasterboard plasterboard.
Wiring Mounting Tool:
- screwdriver;
- knife;
- pliers;
- pits for sleeves;
- Indicator screwdriver.
- Consumables:
- Wire of 2x1.5 or VG 3x1.5;
- RKGM wire;
- insulating tape;
- The sleeve is connective;
- clamp;
- Corrugated tube.
The order of electrical connection of the luminaires may be different. The simultaneous inclusion of all lamps is most often used, but the circuit of incorporating individual groups of lamps (two- and more key switch) can be used. Accordingly, a parallel connection of the lamps is provided with one bundle of wires, or several beams are formed. Connecting them to the supplying power grid is made in a standard junction box.
Mounting scheme of a point lamp on a stretch ceiling.
When choosing the type of electric pipe, the material of the ceiling should be taken into account. If the installation is performed on a non-flammable material, for example, drywall, such a known wire can be used as a wire of the VH 2 (3) x1.5 brand in a two-core or three-core design. When the lamps are mounted on plastics, it is necessary to use a wire with non-combustible insulation - RKGM. For convenience, the wire must be flexible, which is provided by a multi-breeding vein design.
The ends of the wires are connected to one of the luminaire cartridge conclusions and are grouped into a bundle, fastened by standard choms. The second findings of the cartridges of all lamps are connected by the jumper, and the wire from the connected conclusions will be connected to the beam. Similarly, grounding terminals of lamps are connected. The formed beam of the wires is stretched into the plastic corrugated tube of the desired size.
The corrugation is necessary to eliminate the risk of contacting the conductive parts of the wiring with metal elements and protect the insulation of electrical wires. All wire connections are recommended to be carried out using standard terminal connector screws. The free end of the beam in the corrugation enters the junction box, where in the future it is connected to the total electrical network. As a result of all procedures, a wire group was formed, including a beam of wires whose ends should be combined with each other to attach the phase; Zero wire and ground wire. For ease of connection, these types of wires are appropriate to divide in color.
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Installing lamps: Completing installation
At the final stage, the following tool is necessary:
- screwdriver;
- pliers;
- knife;
- tester.
At the final installation stage, the final installation of point lamps is performed. The body of the point lamp is inserted into the hole, while the spring locks are compressed and boil up. With the full immersion of the point lamp on its place the spring of the retainer is squeezed and fixes the housing on the suspended surface of the ceiling. The corrugated tube with wires is neatly placed on the inner surface of the attached element, and its free end is fed into the junction box.
After fixing the suspended ceiling element, it is necessary to carry out the final installation check. First of all, the reliability of fixing each point luminaire is checked. Then the control of the electrical connection of the lighting devices is controlled. After that, the electrical layout of lighting devices with a common circuit is made. In the end of all operations, lamps are screwed. Installation of point lamps is completed with their own hands.
Installing point lamps with your own hands is not a very difficult operation. Their installation can produce almost any person when complying with the basic rules and security requirements. At the same time, the use of point luminaires allows you to make your home more modern and beautiful, and the lighting of the room is more uniform and saturated.