Sauri mai laushi na kayan masarufi (ba tare da kaya ba)

Yawancin kayan don na'urar rufi mai laushi ana samarwa a cikin Rolls. An yi nufin su don rufin lebur ko scanty, amma tare da karamin gangara - har zuwa 30 °. Yankan da aka yi birgima kayan rufin a kan benges tare da gangara sama da 15 ° da wuya - da nauyinsu suna zamewa daga skate. Yi farashi mai tsada, wanda aka ɗora sau da yawa, kayan zamani suna ba su damar sarrafa ba tare da gyara ba na shekaru 10-25. Wannan lokacin garanti ne wanda aka ba da masana'antun akan kayan. Amma tsawon lokacin da za'a sarrafa rufin da aka yi birgima, ya dogara da mutane da yawa ta yadda ake yi. Tare da mummunan aiki, har ma da mafi kyawun kayan ba zai ceci ba. Saboda haka, masu mallakar DacHA ko gidaje masu zaman kansu sun fi son yin komai a kansu, tare da hannayensu. A kan manyan abubuwan na'urar na na'urar Roll Roll Roll tare da haɓaka na inji (a kan kusoshi da dunƙulewar kai) ko amfani da mastic da magana akan.

Tsarin birgima kayan masarufi

Faɗin kayan masarufi shine daidaitaccen kayan rufi - mita 1, tsawon sa na na iya bambanta mahimmanci - daga mita 7 zuwa 20, an canza halaye a ko da yawa. Don haka za a zabi kayan don rufin mirgine, kuna buƙatar fahimtar ra'ayoyin.

Rarrabuwa ta asali

Zabi na kayan masarufi don rufin rufin ya kamata a fara shi tare da gano tushen sa. Su ne:

• Digallar. Waɗannan abubuwa ne daga roba roba (isol) ko bitumen (Bizol). Akwai sabon abu mai roba mai roba (babbar hanya). Sai dai itace ta hanyar mirgine albarkatun ƙasa ta hanyar Rolls da ke samar da takardar. Yawancin kayan suna da kauri na 2 mm. An yi amfani da shi mafi yawan a cikin ƙananan yadudduka na rufin da cake don tushe mai hana ruwa.

  

  Ana amfani da kayan masarufi na cikin gida musamman kamar yadda ke hana ruwa

• Dangane da kwali na rufi da bitumen, yafa masa ma'adinai na ma'adinai. Amfanin wannan kayan shine farashinsa, rashin lalacewa - karamin rayuwa, irin halin rashin zazzabi na saukad da. Yana crumbs a -15 ° C da sha + 50 ° C, wanda ke da matuƙar kunkuntar da ikon amfani kamar kayan. A yau, an rufe roba da hedikwatar, kuma ba koyaushe bane.

  

  Rebeid ya samo asali ne daga kwali

• Dangane da kayan saka da kuma marasa galihu daga fiberglass, polyester. Abubuwan da aka fi amfani da kayan kwalliya sun yi tsada a kan polyester. Suna da kyawawan kaddarorin: suna da ƙarfi masu tenawa, na iya shimfiɗa ta 30% ba tare da asarar mutunci ba, ana iya sarrafa su a kewayon zafin jiki mai yawa. Dangane da fiberglass, sai ya zama mai dorewa, amma abu mara nauyi. Idan akwai wani rufin wasa, zai iya rabuwa da tushe, amma ya yi sauri a lokuta da wuya. Molovers gilashin marasa kyau - tushe ba na roba bane na roba da ci gaba, amma kayan da suka dogara da shi suna sa auxilius, rufin.

  

  Dangane da fiberglass da polyamde akwai abubuwa da yawa daban-daban

Mafi kyawun kayan da m don rufin da aka yi birgima - dangane da polyester. Ajalin aikinsu shine shekaru 15-25. Suna da tsada, saboda haka ana amfani da su kamar yadda saman - rufin - shafi na ƙasa, yawanci ana yin shi ne daga fiberglass ko kayan da ba a daidaita shi ba).

Na'urar mai taushi daga kayan da aka shigar anan.

Nau'in Bayyana

Tushen abin da aka yi birgima kayan abu ya rufe duka bangarorin da aka tsara. Zai iya zama:

• Bitumen (Hydrozol dangane da takarda Asbestos, Gilashin Gilashin);
• kwal, bitumen-tarfaye.
• Roba-bitumen abun ciki (glazing)
• Roba-polymer;
• polymeric.

Mafi kyawun fasali a cikin roba-bitumen da kuma abubuwan polymer-bitumen. Wasu daga cikinsu ana nufin su ne don aiki tare da tsananin sanyi - har zuwa -40 ° C, sashi da kyau haƙuri sosai - 150 ° C.

Folgosol - a gefe guda, aplymer-polymer mai polymer ana cinye tsare tsare

Don yankuna tare da babban yanayin zafi akwai kayan masarufi don rufin yanki - Foalisol. A bitumen-roba, ko bitumen-polymer m ne amfani a kan tsare a kan kasa gefe. Saboda ɗaci mai nunawa, zazzabi da rufin zai kasance 20 ° C a ƙasa. Za'a iya fentin fushin fuska ta hanyar zanen yanayi mai tsauri da kuma varnishes. Foloisol yana da lanƙwasa sosai, an yanka, ƙusoshi tare da filayen ƙusoshin. Yana faruwa rufin rufin (FC) da ruwa mai ruwa (FG).

Nufi

Rufin Ruwa ya ƙunshi Layer ɗaya. Ya danganta da gangara da rikice-rikice na ƙirar, muna ƙarshen daga yadudduka biyu zuwa biyar. Ana amfani da tushe don hana ruwa, kiyaye zafi da inganta rufin sauti. Ana kiransu "Linker", a cikin alamar alama suna nuna cewa harafin "P" (harafin suna nuna dalilin kayan yana cikin wuri na biyu).

Abin da ke nuna haruffa a cikin alamar

Yankin babba ya zama mafi dorewa, yana lissafin asusun babban nauyin na inji, abubuwan da ke damuna suka shafi. A wannan Layer, ana amfani da kayan da aka fi amfani dasu. Ana kiransu "rufin" kuma aka sanya shi da harafin "K".

Umarnin shigarwa na tiles mai taushi an bayyana anan.

Iri na kariya

Wadanda ake amfani da su a cikin samar da kayan masarufi na buƙatar kariya daga abubuwan yanayi. A matsayinka na kariya Layer, yayyafa na girma daban-daban na nika ake amfani da shi:

• m-grained (k);
• mai kyau (m);
• ƙura mai ƙura (p);
• Scaly (H);
• Na musamman alkalami alkalis ko acid.

  

  Yayyafa mai m-graumed ba wai kawai yana kare ba, har ma yana ba da ado.

A cikin alamar wasikar, wanda ke nuna nau'in yayyafa, bangaskiya ce. Abubuwan da aka yi birgima da aka yi amfani da shi don rufin an yayyafa su da bangarorin biyu na kyakkyawan grained ko ƙura-kamar sprinkler. Aikinta ba zai yi haske a cikin yi ba.

A gefen baya na layin rufin ana amfani da kayan kwalliya ko mai bushe, kuma a gaba - m, wanda ba kawai yana kare bayyanar sha'awa ba. Don bayar da mafi yawan jinsin na ado, yayyafa fenti cikin launuka daban-daban. Yawancin lokaci ja, launin toka, burgundy, launin ruwan kasa, kore da shuɗi.

Hanyar shigarwa

Yawancin kayan don rufin da za a yi fim a gindi. Wannan yana amfani da masu ƙonewa ta musamman da aka haɗa da silinda tare da gas mai gas. Tare da taimakonsu, ƙananan Layer na mai ba da ruwa ya narke, yana da amfani da tushe ko riga a sanya kayan. Ana amfani da wannan fasaha akan rufin lebur, waɗanda aka rufe tare da karfafa faranti (misali, kan gorages).

Hanyar shigar da rufin birgima akan mastic

A cikin ginin gida mai zaman kansa, ana samun rai mai yawa a kasarmu. A kan kananan gidaje, yawanci fartin buroshi ne, masarautu ne - guda ɗaya. Tsarin raftunke da fitilar waɗannan rufin katako ne, amfanin buɗe wuta a kansu shine babban haɗari a kansu shine babban haɗari da mallakar gidaje ko ƙananan gidaje suna buƙatar tuntuba birgima. Akwai irin waɗannan kayan. Wasu daga cikinsu suna haɗe tare da taimakon mastic, sashi - kusoshi kusoshi (game da su ƙananan). Akwai kayan da tare da m-m Layer Layer. Duk abin da ake buƙata shine don cire fim mai kariya, fitar da kayan kuma danna shi sosai.

Rollow rufin kayan tare da na m Layer

Gidauniyar don rufin birgima

Da'awar mama kayan da ake dacewa da rufin filaye na lebur. A wasu halaye (lokacin gyara gidaje na gado), ana iya sa su a kan ginin ƙarfe. A wannan yanayin, kayan rufin kansa shine tushen. Duk abin da ya wajaba shine pre-magani na ruwa ruwa. Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka biyu:

• Bituminous na Bituminous. Ya dace da kankare da ƙarfe. Akwai a cikin gama tsari - a cikin bokiti, zaka iya yin kanka - cattumen tare da dizal.
• Shiga cikin ruwa dangane da sumunti. Ya ƙunshi sintirai waɗanda sarƙoƙi waɗanda sarƙoƙin da ke toshe pores don wanda danshi ya duba. Irin wannan sarrafawa a wasu lokuta yana rage ruwa shan shawo. Danta farashin farashi ne. Na biyu shine amfani da kayan rufin a saman, zai kasance a saman shi duka iri ɗaya ne don wanke rufin ta hanyar bitumen masastic. Jin daɗi. Amma bayan irin wannan aiki, koda idan yadudduka babba za su tsallake ruwa, rufin kawai ba zai iya gudana ba. Idan akwai akalla ƙaramin abin da ke cikin rudun (wanda ake bukata, ta hanyar), ruwa zai bar, kusan ba tare da fashewa ba.

  

  A kan rufin gadaje suna ƙarƙashin rufin birgima suna yin tushe mai ƙarfi

A kan gadaje da aka kafa tare da saurin tsari don kayan girke-girke, kafaffen tushe ya zama dole. Dukkansu duka suna ci gaba da crate na plywood, wani Osb, an gina shi ko bullo. Amma waɗannan tushe ba su da tushe kuma su cire rufin birgima a kansu da taimakon mai ƙonewa. Don haka amfani da kayan don rufin da aka yi birgima tare da hanyar shigarwa na inji (ƙusoshin ƙusoshin) ko glued akan mastic.

Akwai wasu bambance-bambancen kayan da ba su da yawa waɗanda ba zai yiwu a yanke gindin a ƙarƙashin rufin da aka yi birgima ba - wannan sel mai lebur, csp, gvl da ƙwararren takarda (gvvanized). A kan waɗannan tushe, da mahimmin haɗin gwiwa da dogon jita-jita tare da rigunan filastik ana amfani da su don cancanta.

Misalin kwallaye masu kyau don birgima a kantin sayar da kaya na birgima

Duk wani tushe na kasa da ke yin kayan takarda tare da kauri akalla 8 mm, dage farawa cikin yadudduka biyu. A secerayer na biyu an sanya shi ne cewa gonar na farkon zanen gado na biyu (tare da yin gudun hijira na seams).

Kayan don birgima birgima ba tare da shaƙewa ba

Ba su da yawa, amma suna. Hanyar da sauri - rufin kusoshi (galvanized tare da babban hat), don mastic na musamman (yawanci akan mastic don canzawa tile). Wasu suna da ƙwararrun kafadiyar kai ta hanyar samar da kayan aikin polymer. An cire wannan fim a lokacin shigarwa, mirgine ɓangaren ɓangaren ɓangaren tare da mai nauyi na ƙarfe, wanda ke neman guje wa abin da ya faru na kumfa iska.

Don haka, kayan da ake haɗe da mastic, ƙusoshin, suna da tushen kai:

• Gillazol. Dangane da fiberglass ko buhun gilashin, bitumen ya rufe. An samo shi a bitumen masastic. Lokacin garanti shine shekaru 5.
• Roberoid. Dangane da kwali na gini yana impregnated tare da melting bitumen. An saka shi a kan bitumen masastic. Garanti - har zuwa shekaru 5.
• Socipaste solo. An yi amfani da m Bitumen-polymer-polymer-polymer-polymer-polymer, yana da karuwar kauri (aƙalla 5 mm), ana iya amfani da 5 mm), ana iya amfani da shi ba tare da ƙarin yadudduka wuta ba. An sanya shi a kan mastic tare da ƙarin sauri akan ƙusoshin ƙusoshi ko kuma sukurori na kai, wajibi ne ga haɓakar seams. Lifecycle - shekaru 25-30.

  

  Soloewal Solo - don na'urar ta rufin daga dutsen

• Technin Titan. Bituminous polymer a kan polymer tushen. Akwai gyare-gyare guda uku na wannan kayan. Titan saman da tushe - don ɗakin rufin biyu-Layer, Titan Solo - don-Layer. Faɗaka - injin, tare da seams, rayuwar sabis ɗin shine shekaru 25-30.
• Tattara-s. Ana amfani da m-polymen-polymerical-polymerichi ana amfani da tushe na polyester, a kan underside - shafi na kai. An yi amfani da shi don ƙirƙirar murfin rufi biyu, saiti - nutsewa. Ana amfani da ma'aunin iarfin zuwa ƙananan gefen, fim ɗin kariya ta polymer. Kafin kwanciya, an cire fim ɗin, kayan yana yada, mirgine roller. A kwanon zazzabi shine mafi girma + 15 ° C, a ƙananan yanayin zafi, muna buƙatar dumama kayan tare da hinaderer. Zai yiwu kwanciya a kan ginin mai (polystyrene, katako tushe). Lifecycle - shekaru 25-30.

  

  Alamar birgima akan kayan masarufi - fasahar fasaha tare da

• Primeelest Primeel. Kayan abu don rufin gidaje biyu na rufi, glued a kan mastica "Viphera". Tushen zane ne mai polyester, wanda ya ɗaure - polymeric. Lifecycle - shekaru 25-30.
• Fita na fasaha. Abu don ƙananan tsarin layi biyu tare da mahallin injin (ƙuss). Ana amfani da Bituminous-polymer mai zurfi ga tushen polyester karfafa polyester. A karfafa tushe bada ƙara ƙarfi, wanda ba ka damar amfani da wannan birgima abu a kan kafa rufi tare da babban gangara. Kamar yadda saman Layer, ECP na fasaha (amfani) ana amfani dashi.

Kamar yadda kake gani, akwai zabi. Gaskiya ne, kashi biyu kawai mai arha da kayan tsada, amma zaka iya zaɓar daga shirye-shirye don nan gaba. Idan ana buƙatar zaɓi na ɗan lokaci - don rufe rufin, shekaru da yawa - zaka iya amfani da kayan da arha. Idan an shirya rufin rufin rai na dogon lokaci, yana da ma'ana a yi amfani da tsada.

Mirgine na amfani da na'urar ba tare da shaƙewa ba

Ko da menene rufin rufin, ya kamata ya zama santsi, bushe da tsabta. Babu datti da ƙura. Kawai tsabta kayan.

Zai yuwu a yi rufin rufin kan rufin farji, amma dole ne a yi amfani da wasu kayan da suke don wannan dalilin kuma ya cika dokoki da shawarwari. Abinda shine abin da ya yi birgima don rufin da aka isasshen taro. Ba tare da ingantaccen bayani ba, sun sauke nauyin kansu. Ga wannan ba faruwa, ana buƙatar matakan musamman na musamman. Anan ga ka'idodin na'urar na rufin da ke tare da haɓaka inji:

• Lokacin da gangara mai gangara, ƙasa da 15% na zane zane a layi daya zuwa skate. Stoming yana farawa daga ƙasa, ƙaura.

  

  Lokacin da rufin ya kai har zuwa 15% mirgine rufin rufin rolls paaldel zuwa skate

• Tare da nuna bambanci, fiye da 15% na zane ana narkar da daga sama. Domin a karkashin aikin nauyi, ba su zamewa ba, yawanci ana saka su da kiba ta hanyar doki. Idan ya juya, zaku iya mirgine duka skate tare da daya. Amma a wannan yanayin, an mamaye rami a cikin yankin skate. Don haka don samun iska, ana buƙatar ɗakin girbi don sanya bututun iska.
• SAURARA: A lokacin da amfani da kayan zamani don keks biyu-boe, perpendiculululululululululululululululululululululululululululular ba a yarda da yadudduka ba. Kwanciya yana faruwa ne kawai a cikin shugabanci. A lokaci guda, seams na yadudduka daban-daban ya kamata a canza dangi da juna. Mafi qarancin motsi a cikin jirgin sama na kwance shine 300 mm, dole ne a raba gidajen da akalla 500 mm. Don matsawa seams, ɗayan yadudduka fara da yi, a yanka a rabi.

  

  Gudun hijira na zane lokacin da na'urar ta rufewa

• A lokacin da kwanciya bangarori, ya zama dole a fitar da fita tare da bude m. Bangaren gefe ya kamata ya zama aƙalla 120 mm, ƙarshen shine aƙalla 150 mm.

  

  Tallafi tare da na'urar birgima mai laushi mai laushi tare da saurin inji

• A cikin waɗancan wuraren da akwai wasu abubuwan da ke kan rufin (gangar jikin mai dumama da bututu, ji da windows, da sauransu), ana inganta gyaran rufin. Epptippes ko fasaha na fasaha ana bada shawarar.
• Lokacin shigar da saman saman (a kan bututu, exepe bango, da sauransu), kayan yana glued zuwa mastic a cikin yankin, kuma idan ya yiwu, za a cika su.
• Matsayin shigarwa mai sauri ya dogara da kusurwa na kusurwar rufin, tsawo na ginin, iska mai ɗorewa a yankin. Mafi yawan shigarwa na yawancin lokaci yana cikin sasannin rufin (Mataki 25 cm). Akwai manyan kayan iska. Kadan da yawa a cikin sau da yawa a cikin gefen gefen (har zuwa 35 cm) - nauyin yana da matsakaici. Wasu lokuta ana shigar da fasteners a tsakiyar tsakiyar rufin (har zuwa 50 cm).

  

  Tsarin shigarwa

• Kusoshi suna rufe ƙayyadadden aƙalla 10 mm daga gefen.
• Kowane tsiri an daidaita shi a gefuna, kuma wani lokacin a tsakiya.
• Ana gyara haɗin gwiwa na kwance tare da filayen ƙarfe na ƙarfe, wanda ya mamaye dunƙule, zaɓi na biyu - kusoshi na biyu - kusoshi ko sukurori tare da diamita na akalla 50 mm.

  

  Yadda za a gyara zane a kwance gidajen abinci

• The kewaye da rufin, tare da matattarar, a kusa da duk abubuwan da ke tattare da tsarin, a kan abin da ya kamata, Clog karin fasters tare da 25 cm.
• Babu kasa da ƙusoshin 4 a kusa da bututun ƙananan ƙananan diamita.

Rufe bututun pipe

A cikin wuraren da shambura ko eriya sun fita daga bakin titi, an sanya ƙarin ƙarin Layer. Yana da glued a kan majiya kai tsaye zuwa gindi. Don rufe hanyar bututu zagaye na bututu ta hanyar yi, rufin da ba a tsayar yana faruwa tare da taimakon wani yanki mai siffa na roba. Wannan hula ce mai roba tare da siket ɗin roba. Yana faruwa don bututun daga 110 mm zuwa 250 mm a diamita.

Mai siffa mai siffa domin nassi na bututu ta hanyar rufin

Jirgin roba yana kan bututun roba, ya faɗi saboda skirt ya sa baki sosai a tushe. Kasan skirt shine bace ta hanyar mastic, guga da kyau. Rates daga gefen siket na 10 mm, shigar da kalkunya tare da mataki ba fiye da 200 mm. The butcher na roba da roba da bututu suna cika da seadalan da ya dace (don chimneys, da sealant yakamata ya zama zafi-resistant).

Gaba, kayan rufin yana yaduwa daga sama, wanda yake a kan ƙari a kusa da bututu tare da ƙusoshi ko sukurori da washers. Mataki na shigarwa - ba fiye da 250 mm, amma yakamata a yi aƙalla abubuwa 4 da ke kewaye da bututu.

BOG tare da tsarin tsaye (bangon waya, brick butbe)

A maimakon haɗin gwiwa na rufin tare da bango na tsaye, an sanya ƙarin Layer na abin da aka sanya kayan. Ya kamata ya shiga saman a tsaye aƙalla mm 250, a kan skate ya kamata ƙarya aƙalla 200 mm. Dukkanin yanayin karin Layer an yiwa alama alama da mastic, da guga. Bayan haka, sashin na sama yana haɗe da layin ƙarfe. An haɗe shi da a tsaye a tsaye tare da sukurori tare da washers akalla 50 mm a diamita. Haɗin hanyoyin Rails tare da bango an zuba bango ta polyurethane sealant.

Misali na Kungiyar Daidaita zuwa bangon tsaye

Idan rufin yana warmed, don tabbatar da babban digiri na ƙarfi, zaku iya yin ƙarin yadudduka masu yawa (zane a sama). Kowannensu yana tafiya a baya. Kowane ya ɓace tare da bitumen masastic, amma an giciye mashaya kawai ga mafi girma kawai, kodayake za'a iya gyara matsakaici ne kawai tare da dunƙule tare da rami na 200 mm.

Waɗannan duk manyan abubuwan da ake buƙata yayin na'urar birgima ba tare da walƙiya ba.

Mataki na a kan taken: Bayanan bayanai da GOST akan ƙofofin PVC