Zofewa zofewa za zinthu zogubuduza (popanda zinthu)

Zida zambiri za chipangizo chofewa chodetsedwa chimapangidwa m'masikono. Amapangidwira madenga osalala kapena anzeru, koma ndi malo otsetsereka - mpaka 30 °. Okhazikika adakulungidwa ndi zida zotsekera pamadenga okhala ndi malo otsetsereka oposa 15 °, chifukwa cha kulemera kwawo. Khalani ndi mtengo wotsika, wokwera basi, zinthu zamakono zimawalola kuti azigwira ntchito popanda kukonza kwa zaka 10-25. Ndi nthawi yovomerezeka kotero kuti opanga amapatsidwa zinthu. Koma atatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji, zimatengera ulemu waukulu momwe zimapangidwira. Ndi ntchito yoyipa, ngakhale zinthu zabwino kwambiri sizipulumutsa. Chifukwa chake, eni ake ndi a Dacha kapena nyumba zachinsinsi amakonda kuchita chilichonse payekha, ndi manja awo. Pa mfundo zazikuluzikulu za chipangizocho chopukutira ndi makina othamanga (pamisozi komanso zodzitchinjiriza) kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mastic ndikuyankhula.

Kapangidwe kazinthu zokupinda

M'lifupi mwake zida zokutira ndi muyezo - 1 mita, kutalika kwa mpukutuwo kumasiyana kwambiri - kuyambira 7 mpaka 20 metres, mindandanda imasinthidwa ngakhale pafupifupi mitambo. Chifukwa chake kusankha deta ya padenga la mpukutu, muyenera kumvetsetsa malingaliro.

Gawo lalikulu

Kusankha kwa zinthu zogulira zofewa kuyenera kuyamba ndi kupeza maziko ake. Ali:

• Chithunzi. Izi ndi zida zochokera ku mphira wobwezerezedwanso (isol) kapena phlamen (bizol). Pali nkhani yatsopano ya ntchentche yatsopano. Imakhala pogudubuza zinthu zomwe zimaphwanyidwa kudzera mu masikono omwe amapanga pepala. Zambiri mwa zinthuzo zimakhala ndi makulidwe a 2 mm. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'malo otsika a keke yokhazikika pa maziko a madzi.

  

  Zinthu zapakhomo zogulidwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati madzi

• Kutengera makatoni ovala ovala zovala ndi phula, owazidwa ndi mchere. Ubwino wa zinthuzi ndiwo mtengo wake wotsika, zovuta - moyo wamng'ono, kulekerera bwino kwa kutentha kwa kutentha. Imanyeka pa -15 ° C ndi Kumwa + 50 ° C, yomwe ° Cellewps ili ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu. Masiku ano, zipatso zimakutidwa ndi likulu, ndipo sizikhala nthawi zonse.

  

  Ruberdad imachokera pa makatoni omanga

• Kutengera ndi zida za nsalu ndi zopanda pake kuchokera ku fiberglass, polyester. Zipangizo zotsika mtengo kwambiri zokutira zimapangidwa pamaziko a polyester. Ali ndi mphamvu zapamwamba: kukhala ndi mphamvu zapamwamba kwambiri, amatha kuyambika ndi 30% popanda kutayika kwa umphumphu, amathanso kugwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana. Kutengera ndi fiberglass, imatembenuka pang'ono, koma osakhazikika. Pankhani yosewera padenga, imatha kusiya pansi, koma imathamangira pakadali pano. Magalasi omwe sanali ozizira - mazikowo ndi osakhazikika ndikupitiliza, koma zinthu zozikika zimathandiza.

  

  Kutengera ndi fiberglass ndi polyamide pali zinthu zambiri zosiyanasiyana

Zipangizo zabwino komanso zolimba za padenga logubuduzika - kutengera polyester. Nthawi ya opaleshoni yawo ili ndi zaka 15-25. Amawononga ndalama zokwera mtengo, motero nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati pamwamba - denga, ndi zigawo zotsika, zopangidwa ndi zotsika mtengo, zimapangidwa ndi zinthu zosasunthika (monga zokutira).

Chipangizocho cha denga lofewa kuchokera ku zida zokhazikitsidwa chikufotokozedwa pano.

Mitundu ya Blader

Kutsikira kwa zinthu zokutira zokutira kumakutidwa mbali zonse ziwiri zoteteza. Zitha kukhala:

• Phula (Hydroizol kutengera pepala la asbestos, asgarkerbraid);
• phula, phula la phula;
• Ndege-phula phula (glazing)
• Mphira-wowala;
• Polymeric.

Zojambula zabwino kwambiri m'mabuku a mphira ndi phula la bitumen. Ena mwa iwo adapangidwira kuti agwire ntchito zozizira kwambiri - mpaka -40 ° C, gawo bwino limalekerera kutentha kwambiri - mpaka + 150 ° C.

FORGOROL - mbali imodzi, chingwe cholumala polymen chimadutsa

Kwa madera omwe ali ndi kutentha kwakukulu kumakhala zinthu zokutira chifukwa cha denga lokhala ndi foil - foalisol. Mbale kapena rabarn-rabam-bomen-polymen imayikidwa pa zojambulazo pansi. Chifukwa cha zojambulazo zowonetsa maluso, kutentha kwa padenga kudzakwana 20 ° C pansipa. Maonekedwe ake amatha kupakidwa utoto ndi utoto wozunza wa nyengo ndi ma varnish. Foolisol imagwada bwino, imadulidwa, yokhomedwa ndi misomali yopanda madenga. Zimachitika padenga (FC) ndi madzi oteteza madzi.

Cholinga

Dulani padenga silimangokhala umodzi wosanjikiza. Kutengera malo otsetsereka ndi zovuta za kapangidwe kake, timachokera ku zigawo ziwiri mpaka zisanu. Mabotolo amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa madzi, kuteteza kutentha ndikuwongolera kusokonekera kwa mawu. Amatchedwa "zingwe", polemba iwo akuwonetsedwa ndi kalata "P" (kalatayo yosonyeza cholinga cha zomwe zili pamalo achiwiri).

Zomwe zimatanthawuza zilembo

Kusanjikiza kwapamwamba kuyenera kukhala kokhazikika, kumachitika chifukwa cha katundu wamkulu, nyengo ndi zachilengedwe zomwe zimakhudza. Kwa gawo ili, zokwera mtengo kwambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Amadziwika kuti "denga" ndi kutchuka ndi kalata "k".

Dongosolo la kukhazikitsa ma tambala ofewa akufotokozedwa pano.

Mitundu yoteteza

Ometa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zokutira zimafunikira chitetezo kuti zitetezedwe. Monga chotchinga choteteza, kuwaza kwa madigiri osiyanasiyana opera kumagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• ophatikizika (k);
• opangidwa bwino (m);
• zopangidwa ndi fumbi (p);
• Scaly (H);
• Alkalis apadera alkalis kapena ma acid.

  

  Kuwaza zochulukitsa sikungoteteza, komanso kumapereka mawonekedwe okongoletsera.

Polemba chizindikiro cha kalatayo, yomwe ikuwonetsa mtundu wa kukonkha, ndi chikhulupiriro. Zipangizo zogulira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zingwe zimawazidwa mbali zonse ziwiri za zophika kapena fumbi ngati zowaza. Ntchito yake siyikuwala.

Kumbali yakumanzere kwa zinthu zokhala ndi denga kumayikidwanso crumbs yabwino kapena fumbi, komanso kutsogolo - kozungulira - wozungulira, zomwe sizimangotanthauza kuwoneka bwino. Kupatsa mitundu yokongola kwambiri, kuwaza utoto mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri imakhala yofiyira, imvi, burgundy, bulauni, wobiriwira komanso wamtambo.

Njira Yokhazikitsa

Zambiri mwazinthu zopukutira za padenga lidzatulutsidwa pansi. Izi zimagwiritsa ntchito zowotcha zapadera zolumikizidwa ndi masilinda omwe ali ndi mpweya wakhungu. Ndi thandizo lawo, wotsika wa binder amasungunuka, kutengera ndi maziko kapena atatu omwe adayika kale. Tekinolojeyi imayikidwa padenga lathyathyathya, lomwe lili lodzaza ndi mitengo yolimbikitsidwa (mwachitsanzo, pa ma garage).

Njira yokhazikitsa matalala pa mastic

Panyumba yanyumba, madenga athyathyathyathyathyathyathyathyathyathya amapezeka osowa m'dziko lathu. Panyumba zing'onozing'ono, nthawi zambiri zimakhala padenga lazomwe limakhala lopanda kanthu - lopanda limodzi. Dongosolo la mtengo ndi nyali ntlangali ndi matabwa, kugwiritsa ntchito moto wotseguka ndi chiopsezo chachikulu ndi eni nyumba ang'onoang'ono akuyang'ana padenga lomwe silikufunika. Pali zinthu zoterezi. Ena aiwo amaphatikizidwa mothandizidwa ndi mastic, gawo - misomali misomali (za iwo pang'ono). Pali zida zokhala ndi zotsatsa zotsatsa. Zomwe zimafunikira ndikuchotsa filimu yoteteza, vulani zinthuzo ndikuzikanizo mwamphamvu.

Pindani pa makhadi azinthu ndi zotsatsa zotsatsa

Maziko a padenga

Zomwe zimanamizira zinthu zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala padenga lamiyala yathyathyathya. Nthawi zina (pokonza madenga a ma garage), amatha kuyikidwa pachitsulo. Pankhaniyi, denga limadzipangira lomwe lili palokha ndiye maziko. Zomwe zimafunikira ndikuthandizira madzi amadzimadzi. Pali zosankha ziwiri:

• Choyambirira. Zoyenera kumesi ndi chitsulo. Pali mawonekedwe omalizidwa - mu zidebe, mutha kudzipangira nokha - kusakaniza phula ndi dizilo.
• Kuloza mafano okhazikika pa simenti. Muli ndi ma polymers omwe maunyolo awo amaphimba ma pores omwe chinyezi. Kukonzanso koteroko nthawi zina kumachepetsa mayamwidwe konkriti. Mtengo wake ndi mtengo wokwera. Ndipo lachiwiri ndikuyika zinthu zotsikira pamwamba, zikhala pamwamba pa izo chimodzimodzi kusamba padenga ndi mastic. Zosangalatsa. Koma zitatha izi, ngakhale zitakhala zapamwamba zidula madzi, denga limangotuluka. Ngati pali kukondera pang'ono pang'ono. Chofunikira, ndi njira), madzi achoka, pafupifupi osataya.

  

  Padenga lokhomedwa pansi padenga lokhalamo limapanga maziko olimba

Pa madenga omangidwa ndi dongosolo lachangu la zinthu zokutira zokutira, maziko olimba ndikofunikira. Onse awiri amapanga crate yopitilira plywood, OSB, wokhwima kapena bolodi. Koma mabala awa amaphatikizidwa ndikuchotsa madenga okutira mothandizidwa ndi burner. Kenako gwiritsani ntchito zida za padenga logubuduzika ndi njira yosinthira makina (Stete misomali) kapena yolumikizidwa pa mastic.

Pali mitundu ina yambiri yazinthu zosayama kuchokera komwe ndizotheka kupanga maziko pansi pa denga logubuduzidwa - iyi ndi kakhosi, CPSL, GVL ndi pepala la akatswiri. Pa zomba izi, zingwe zapadera komanso ma miyalaya yayitali ndi magalasi apulasitiki amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati othamanga.

Chitsanzo cha othamanga kwa masitima ovala matebuloni

Mabasi amtundu uliwonse amapanga pepala lokhala ndi makulidwe osachepera 8 mm, atayikamo zigawo ziwiri. Wosanjikiza wachiwiri wayika kuti seams ya wosanjikiza yoyamba ikani ma sheet achiwiri (ndi kusamutsidwa kwa seams).

Zida za ovala popanda zotayika

Sali zochuluka kwambiri, koma ali. Njira yolimbikitsira - misomali yosiyidwa (yolimbana ndi chipewa chachikulu), kwa mastic (nthawi zambiri pamankhwala a mastic). Ena amakhala ndi zotsatsa zodzikongoletsera zotetezedwa ndi filimu ya polymer. Kanemayu amachotsedwa mu kukhazikitsa, kukugudubuza gawo lokhazikika ndi roller wolemera kwambiri, kufunafuna kuti mupewe kupezeka kwa mafupa a mpweya.

Chifukwa chake, zida zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndi misomali, khalani ndi zotsatsa zotsatsa:

• Glazol. Kutengera ndi fiberglass kapena galasi cholester, chokutidwa ndi phula. Ili pa huntn mastic. Nthawi yovomerezeka ndi zaka 5.
• Ruberdoid. Kutengera kakhadi yomanga yolumikizidwa ndi phula lofatsa. Wokwera phula. Chitsimikizo - mpaka zaka 5.
• Technoelast solo. Bungwe la Biremen-Polymen lidayikidwa pamunsi pa polymer, ili ndi makulidwe (osachepera 5 mm), itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanda zigawo zowonjezera, zachulukitsa zamoto. Imayikidwa pa mastic ndi cholumikizira chowonjezera pamisomali kapena zomata zodzikongoletsera, ndikofunikira kutengeka kwa seams. Moyo - zaka 25-30 zaka.

  

  Technoelast Solo - ya chipangizo cha dring padenga kuchokera mmodzi

• Technoelast Tian. Ma polymer polymer amang'amba pama polymer. Pali zosintha zitatu za nkhaniyi. Titan pamwamba ndi maziko - kwa awiri ovala, titan solo - ya osanjikiza amodzi. Kuthamanga - makina, okhala ndi seams, moyo wamoyo ndi zaka 25-30.
• Technoelast-s. Binden-Phura la polymec imayikidwa pamunsi pa polysiter, pa kutsindika - kudzikonda. Ankakonda kupanga zokutira ziwiri zokutira, kuyala ukadaulo - kumizidwa. Zotsatsa zomatira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumbali yam'munsi, yotetezedwa ndi filimu ya polymer. Asanaike, filimuyo imachotsedwa, nkhaniyo imafalikira, yokulungira. Kutentha kwake kumakhala kokulirapo + 15 ° C, kutentha kochepa, tiyenera kukonza zinthuzo ndi zovala zomangamanga. Zotheka kugona pamafuta (okulitsidwa polystyrene, matabwa). Moyo - zaka 25-30 zaka.

  

  Zovala zokutira pazinthu zomatira - Technoelast ndi

• Prime yayikulu kwambiri. Zinthu ziwiri zosanjikiza ziwiri zokutira padenga, zolumikizidwa pa Mastica "Visherira". Potsirizi ndi nsalu za polyyester, kumanga - polymeric. Moyo - zaka 25-30 zaka.
• Kukonza kwatenthedwe. Zida za m'munsi mwa njira zosanjikiza ziwirizi ndi makina ophikira (misomali). Boland-polymeus-polymer amagwiritsidwa ntchito pansi pa polyester yolimbitsa polyerter. Choyambira chotsimikizika chimapereka mphamvu yowonjezereka, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito zokutira padenga lokhotakhota ndi malo otsetsereka. Monga gawo lapamwamba, latsopano la techp (yogwiritsidwa ntchito) limagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Monga mukuwonera, pali kusankha. Zowona, madera awiri okha ndi zida zotsika mtengo komanso zodula, koma mutha kusankha kuchokera ku mapulani amtsogolo. Ngati njira yakanthawi ikufunika - kuphimba padenga, kwa zaka zingapo - mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zotsika mtengo. Ngati denga la padenga lakonzedwa kwa nthawi yayitali, zimamveka kugwiritsa ntchito zodula.

Chopukutira padenga popanda kanthu

Mosasamala kanthu za zomwe denga limakhala, liyenera kukhala losalala, loyera ndi loyera. Palibe zinyalala ndi fumbi. Zinthu zoyera zokha.

Ndikotheka kupanga padenga padenga lapamwamba, koma muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina zomwe ndi izi ndi kutsatira malamulo ndi malingaliro ake. Zinthu zake ndi zomwe zida zogubuduza padenga zimakhala ndi misa yokwanira. Popanda kukhazikika kokwanira, amatsirizika kulemera kwawo. Izi sizichitika, njira zapadera zofunika. Nawa malamulo a chipangizo cha padenga la mbiya ndi makina othamanga:

• Pamene malo otsetsereka, ochepera 15% a canvas amakulunga pa skate. Kukhazikika kumayambira pansipa, kwezani.

  

  Pomwe padenga limakwera mpaka 15% padenga lozungulira lofanana ndi Skate

• Ndi kukondera, kupitirira 15% ya canvas adatsitsidwa kuchokera pamwamba. Pofuna kuchitapo kanthu mwa mphamvu yokoka, sanachedwe, nthawi zambiri amaikidwa ndi onenepa kwambiri chifukwa cha kavalo. Ngati zikakhala zotuluka, mutha kukulunga skate ndi mpukutu umodzi. Koma pankhaniyi, bowo la bwalo limadzaza m'dera la Skate. Kenako pa mpweya wabwino, wawindiyo imafunikira kuti apange mapaipi a payekha.
• Zindikirani: Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zamakono za chitumbuwa chachiwiri cha zitsamba ziwiri, malo a perpengocular sichololedwa. Kugona kumachitika mbali imodzi imodzi. Nthawi yomweyo, malo osungira zigawo zosiyanasiyana amayenera kusungidwa wina ndi mnzake. Kusintha kocheperako mu ndege yopingasa ndi 300 mm, zolumikizira zowongoka ziyenera kulekanitsidwa ndi 500 mm. Kusintha misozi, imodzi mwa zigawo ziyambika ndi mpukutu, kudula pakati.

  

  Kusamuka kwa nsaluyo pomwe chipangizo cha padenga

• Mukayika mapanelo, ndikofunikira kuti mutuluke ndi kutsegulidwa kwa zomatira. Dera la mbali liyenera kukhala losachepera 120 mm, kumapeto kuli osachepera 150 mm.

  

  Kusinkhasidwa ndi chipangizo chofewa chofundira ndi makina othamanga

• M'malo omwe pali zinthu zilizonse zojambula padenga (popanga mapaipi amoto ndi mpweya wabwino, moyandikana ndi khoma, ndi zina), kapeti yoyala imakulitsidwa ndi yowonjezera. EPP Iitiflexes kapena technolast epp tikulimbikitsidwa.
• Mukalowa m'malo owongoka (pachikuto, pambale, khoma loyandikana, ndi zina zambiri), zinthuzi zimaponyedwa kudera lonselo, ndipo ngati zingatheke.
• Njira yosinthira imatengera ngodya ya ngodya ya denga, kutalika kwa nyumbayo, malo onyamula mphepo m'derali. Kukhazikitsa pafupipafupi kumakhala m'makona a padenga (pagawo 25 cm). Pali katundu wamkulu wa mphepo. Zocheperako nthawi zambiri zimayika othamanga m'mphepete mwa m'mphepete (mpaka 35 cm) - katundu ndi sing'anga. Nthawi zina makonzedwe amaikidwa m'chigawo chapakati padenga (mpaka 50 cm).

  

  Seni yofulumira

• Misomali imakola kutumiza osachepera 10 mm kuchokera m'mphepete.
• Mzere uliwonse umakhazikika m'mbali mwake, ndipo nthawi zina pakati.
• Kulumikizana kopingasa kumakhazikika ndi mapulaneti a chitsulo, omwe amapanga zomangira, njira yachiwiri - misomali kapena zomangira zokhala ndi mainchesi osachepera 50 mm.

  

  Momwe Mungapangire Chinsalu Pamodzi Pazigawo Zopingasa

• Kuzungulira kwa padenga, kumalirira, kuzungulira zinthu zonse, m'mphepete mwa ma RTADS, zowonjezera zowonjezera ndi gawo limodzi lopitilira 25 cm.
• Palibe misomali yochepera 4 kuzungulira mapaipi ang'onoang'ono.

Kutulutsa chitoliro

M'malo omwe machubu kapena antennas ali kunja kwa chitumbuwa chodetsa, chowonjezera chowonjezera chimayikidwa. Imakhazikika pachimake mwachindunji mpaka pansi. Kuti musindikize gawo la chubu chozungulira kudzera mu mpukutu, palibe padenga lopanda matope limachitika mothandizidwa ndi chinthu chapadera cha mphira. Ichi ndi chipewa chotanuka ndi siketi ya mphira. Zimachitika pamapaipi kuchokera 110 mm mpaka 250 mm.

Chinthu chowoneka ngati chitoliro kudzera padenga

Mpata wa mphira umatambasulidwa pa chitoliro, chimagwera kuti siketi idagona pansi. Pansi pa siketi ikusowa ndi mastic, opanikizika bwino. Mitengo kuchokera m'mphepete mwa siketi 10 ya mm, yokhazikitsidwa ndi sitepe yoposa 200 mm. Wophika kapu ya mphira ndipo mapaipi amadzazidwa ndi sealant yoyenerera (mwachimtchire, sealant, sealant iyenera kukhala kutentha kwa kutentha).

Kenako, zinthu zoungatsing zimafalikira kuchokera kumwamba, zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa mozungulira chitolirocho ndi misomali kapena zokongoletsera ndi maheli. Gawo lokhazikika - osapitilira 250 mm, koma payenera kukhala osachepera anayi othamanga kuzungulira chitoliro.

Bog yokhala ndi zomangira (khoma loyandikana, lotani njerwa)

M'malo mwa denga la padenga ndi khoma lokhazikika, zowonjezera zowonjezera zomwe zimayikidwa. Iyenera kupita kumayendedwe osachepera 250 mm, pa skate iyenera kugona osachepera 200 mm. Pamwamba chonse cha osanjikiza owonjezera amalembedwa ndi mastic, opanikizika. Pambuyo pake, gawo lapamwamba limalumikizidwa ndi njanji yazitsulo. Imalumikizidwa ndi malo ofukula ndi zomata ndi mashers osachepera 50 mm mulifupi. Zolumikizana za njanji ndi khoma zimathiridwa ndi PulUrethane Sealant.

Chitsanzo cha bungwe la kusintha kwa khoma lokhazikika

Denga latenthetsedwa, kuonetsetsa kuti muli ndi kulimba kwambiri, mutha kupanga zigawo zingapo zina (kujambula pamwambapa). Aliyense wa iwo pa 100 mm amapita pambuyomu. Iliyonse ikusowa ndi masticn mastic, koma bala idakhomedwa kokha pamwambamwamba, ngakhale gawo lapamwamba lingakhazikike ndi zomata ndi masher omwe ali ndi phula la 200 mm.

Awa ndi mfundo zazikuluzikulu zomwe zimafunikira panthawi yogudubuzika padenga popanda kung'anima.

Nkhani pamutu: Zolemba ndi ma gust pa zitseko za PVC