Masitepe: Zipangizo, kuwerengera ndi mawonekedwe

M'nyumba ya dziko, musachite popanda masitepe a Marting, chinthu cha mkatichi chimakuthandizani kuti musinthe bwino chipindacho ndikuthandizira kuti mupeze chipinda chimodzi kupita ku lina. Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu yamasitepe: pamaboma ndi cosos. Kusankhidwa kwa izi kapena kusankha komwe kumatengera zinthu zomwe zilipo (dera la chipindacho, kuthekera kwachuma komwe amakhala, zomwe amakonda, kupanga mawonekedwe).

Mtundu woyamba ndi mtundu wapamwamba ndipo ndichifukwa chake ili ndi maubwino angapo osatheka. Munkhaniyi, tiona chifukwa chake ndibwino kusankha masitepe pamlingo wokulirapo, momwe mungapangire ndi manja anu ndikupewa zolakwa mukamayika ndikuyika.

Kodi chingwe ndi chiyani?

Mpaka pano, pali njira zingapo zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimagwirizanitsa masitepe. Ena amafuna chidziwitso ndi luso, kukhazikitsa zina ndikosavuta komanso mwachangu. Gulu la kusavuta pamisonkhano imaphatikizira masitepe pazinyumba. Komabe, chisanayambe kuwerenga mfundo za ntchito yomanga, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa komwe kumawoneka ngati chingwe cha masitepe.

Pansi pa alonda a masitepe, ndichikhalidwe kumvetsetsa chithandizo cha masitepe a masitepe mu mawonekedwe a mitengo yomwe ili ndi mitengo kapena zisa zamkati mkati. Ubwino waukulu wa mtundu uwu wofulumira wamasitepe ndi "kutseka" kwa malekezero, komwe kumapangitsa kuti chinthu chomalizidwa chikhale chokongola kwambiri.

Chingwe cha masitepe a matabwa ndi njira yothetsera bwino kwambiri. Itha kupangidwa ngakhale kwa Mbuye wama novice, ndipo kulephera kwapadera kudzakulitsa moyo wautumiki wa chimbudzi. Masitepe amatabwa nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'nyumba zachinsinsi, ndipo kwa mabungwe aboma sankhani mitundu yosangalatsa kuchokera ku zida monga pulasitiki, mwala, chitsulo. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nkhuni imathanso.

Chimaliro ngati maziko a masitepe a Staircase

Mvetsetsani tanthauzo la makwerero, ingoyang'anani kumapeto kwa malonda. Izi ndizomangika ndi maronda a kukula kwina, momwe masitepe adzaikidwe. Malinga ndi omanga ambiri opezeka odziwa zambiri, ndi zisudzo zomwe zimayambitsa mphamvu ndi kukhazikika pamanja.

Zovomerezeka ndi maziko am'masitepe a masitepe. Pansi pa chithunzichi chikuwonetsa kusiyana kwakukunja kwa masitepe awiri otchuka (pa gulu la nator ndi kosoo).

Masitepe pazinthu ndi cosos

Monga tikuwonera, Kosir ndi mtengo wokhotakhota womwe umakonzanso malire kuchokera pansipa. Kuchulukitsa mphamvu yamakampaniyi, njira zapadera zimapangidwira. Njira iyi imayenereradi zipinda zazing'ono, chifukwa zimadziwika ndi mphamvu yayikulu ndikusunga malo aulere. Masitepe pazomwe zimakula ndizokulirapo, koma chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake, ndizosavuta kupanga ndipo ndizotetezeka kwathunthu.

Chonde dziwani kuti pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masitepe: owongoka, opindika, mizere. Mukamasankha, machitidwe am'tsogolo a March akuyenera kuthandizidwa.

Zakuthupi ndi miyeso

Gawo loyamba limaphatikizapo kusankha mitengo ya sawn malinga ndi miyeso yokhazikitsidwa yamtsogolo. Pa izi, mapulani ake amapangidwa pasadakhale ndipo polojekiti imapanga. Pomaliza, muyenera kukhala ndi mtengo umodzi wopanda ntchito. Pakupanga pansi pa maziko a masitepe, mitengo yosiyanasiyana, konkriti yokhazikika komanso yolimbitsa mtima imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Nkhani pamutu: Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi masitepe: mitundu, maubwino ndi ubwino wopanga | + 35 Zithunzi

Zinthu zomwe amakonda popanga masitepe ndi mtengo, mtunduwo umagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana:

• Matabwa otanthauzira, monga pine, mkungudza kapena spruce. Izi ndi zosankha komanso zodalirika. Koma zovuta zazikulu za zinthu zoterezi ndizotsekera pang'onopang'ono za utomoni, zomwe zimatha kusokoneza ma yunifolomu komanso zotsatira zofananira za span.

• Matabwa anzeru, monga chitumbuwa, beach ndi oak. Ili ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri. Zodalirika kwambiri ndi zinthu zochokera ku nkhundu, zimafunikiranso chisamaliro chapadera. Mosamala, masitepe oterewa amatumikila banja lanu zaka zingapo.

Ngati mukukonzekera kupanga masitepe, mutha kudziwa kutalika kwa nyali pamasitepe. M'lifupi mwake chibwano ziyenera kukhala pafupifupi 30 cm, makulidwe ndi 4-5 masentimita.

Kuyika tetiv

Chotsatira chikuyenera kulembedwa ndi maziko a masitepe, poganizira kuchuluka kwenikweni kwa masitepe (nthawi zambiri ndizochepa kuposa zisonyezo zowerengedwa).

Zizindikiro zitha kuchitika m'njira ziwiri:

• kugwiritsa ntchito ngodya kapena wolamulira (mwayi wolakwitsa);

• Kugwiritsa ntchito template yapadera.

Kumayambiriro kwa ntchito yomwe ndiyofunika kwambiri kudziwa njira yomwe mukufuna kuti ikhale yomwe ili ndi malo omwe ali pansi.

Mutha kukhalabe pa njira yosungirako malo osungirako - popanda mzere (kenako poyambira ikatsegulidwa), kapena kupanga zitsulo (ndiye kuti, kubereka mzere pamtunda wa malo osungirako 4-5 kuchokera m'mphepete mwa ntchito yantchito). Njira zonsezi ndizabwino kwambiri pamsonkhano wa masitepe, kotero kusankha kamodzi kapena njira ina kumadalira zokonda zanu zokha.

Njira yopangira zopangira mu katundu

Pavidiyo: Chizindikiro cha zida zamagetsi chimadzichita nokha.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti popanga masitepe opangira matabwa ndi manja awo, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungapewere kusintha kwa zisudzo. Pachifukwa ichi, makonzedwe ena amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Latch forch ikhoza kunenedwa ku:

• Chitsulo chopondera ma wedges. Iwo ndi odalirika, okhazikika, osayenera mapangidwe ojambula.

• Matabwa oyenda ndi maukwati. Zinthu ngati izi zimaperekedwa mwachangu kuvala, koma ndizosavuta kupanga.

• Tengani tepi ndi kukhazikika pa mtedza. Amawerengedwa kuti ndi njira yoyenera yokhotera alonda.

Kusonkhanitsa masitepe (zosankha zomangira)

Malipiro

Popanga kuwerengera polojekiti yazinthu zam'tsogolo, mawonekedwe otsatirawa a masitepe ayenera kuwerengetsa:

• Kutalika kwa Marichi March kuyenera kukhala mkati mwa madigiri 30 mpaka 40;
• Kuzama kwa masitepe sikuyenera kukhala kochepera 30 cm;
• Kutalika kwa mapazi pafupifupi 20 cm.

Kuwerengera kwa magawo a zinthu zina za masitepe a masitepe kumapangidwa malinga ndi formula, komwe kumakhazikitsidwa kutalika kwa sitepe. Pafupifupi kutalika kwa gawo laumunthu ndi 63 masentimita, mukamagwiritsa ntchito njirayi, timapeza zotsatira za: 63 ± 3 masentimita (2) kuya kwa siteji).

Kuthamanga ndikukhazikitsa namkungwi

Pambuyo pazofunikira zonsezo zidapangidwa ndipo kuwerengetsa mapangidwe omalizidwa adachitika, njira yopanga masitepe oyenda akuyamba. Izi zisanachitike, muyenera kugula zinthu zonse ndi zida zomwe zingafunike pakuchita.

Nkhani pamutu: Momwe Mungapangire Masitepe Othamanga: Njira zopangira ndi manja anu [440 mu chithunzi]

Chifukwa chachangu ndikukhazikitsa, zida zidzafunikira zida zotere monga:

• Nyundo yamatumbo;
• mitengo yamagetsi ndi kubowola;
• makina oyang'anira ndalama;
• Rolelete, mzere;
• Mulingo womanga ndi lalikulu.

Ngati mukukonzekera namkungwi kuchokera kukhoma, ndipo iyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yochokera, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyeza zoyaka pasadakhale ndikuwuma pansi. Izi zimalola kuti namkungwiyo igone bwino pa ndege. Chifukwa cha zochita zangwiro, zimadalira mtengo wotsegulira bwino, womwe umawonjezera mphamvu ya kapangidwe kake konse.

Kumvetsetsa bwino momwe mungapangire munthu ku khoma, yang'anani pa kanema komwe njira yonse ikusonyezera.

Pa kanema: kukhazikitsa makwerero kukhoma.

Popanga masitepe ndi manja awo, funso limakhalabe lovuta - momwe mungakhazikitsire masitepe ndikupanga makwerero. Popewa zolakwa pa ntchito imeneyi, timalimbikitsa kuti mugwiritse ntchito malangizo otsatirawa:

1. Marichi amasonkhanitsidwa, pambuyo pake imayikidwa mwanjira yoti zenizeni zili pansi. Kenako, ndikofunikira kunyamula chingwe chathyathyathya mkati mwa gawo lapamwamba ndi wokwera.

2. Mzere wina wochokera kumbuyo kwa phompho kumangirira pamlingo wa PLOSBOST umapangidwa (nthawi zambiri kutalika kwake ndi 7.5-8 masentimita).

3. Zotsatirazi zimaphatikizapo kuchotsedwa kwa chiopsezo chapamwamba (ndipo kumbukirani kuti kuyika masitepe kumachitika pokhapokha pokhapokha pamapeto pa zosintha zonse).

4. Ngati mukupanga chida pansi, kenako ndikuyika mzere wofanana ndi zomata zam'munsi, pansi pamantha zidzasambitsidwa.

5. Nthawi yomweyo musanayike masitepe, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti apange receck pa rack (izi zimalola kuti maziko akhale olimba pathanzi).

Chonde dziwani kuti kukhazikitsa masitepe okhala ndi katundu wambiri ndikosiyana. Asanayambe ntchito yomanga, timalimbikitsa kuti mudziwe zomwe mukukonzekera ndikuwona vidiyo ili pansipa.

Pa kanema: mawonekedwe a kukhazikitsa masitepe a screw pazachuma.

Masitepe opangira matabwa

Pambuyo pa ntchito yokonzekera ntchito yatsirizidwa, mutha kupitiriza ku mfundo yofunika kwambiri - yomangirira masitepe ndi njanji. Kenako, tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane njira yonseyo kuti tipewe zolakwika. Musaiwale kuti chitetezo cha inu ndi okondedwa anu zimadalira ntchito yomwe yachitika. Chifukwa chake, ngati simukutsimikiza luso lanu, ndibwino kuthandizira izi kwa akatswiri. Kusunga, sankhani mtundu wosavuta kwambiri wa masitepe ndi zinthu zotsika mtengo.

Zabwino ndi zovuta

Monga kapangidwe kake kalikonse, mawonekedwe a masitepe awa ali ndi zabwino komanso zovuta zogwirira ntchito. Ubwino wa akatswiri aphatikizepo mbali zofunika izi:

• Mothandizidwa ndi kapangidwe kake, ndizotheka kusintha magawo a pasitepe a masitepe;

• Kukhazikitsa kosavuta komanso mwachangu kwa magawo onse (chofunikira kwambiri ndikulondola kuwerengera);

• Mitundu yamatabwa yosamala imakutumikirani inu ndi banja lanu kwa zaka zoposa khumi ndi ziwiri;

• mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana ndi kukula kwake (koyenera, kozungulira kapena kowoneka);

• Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosankha (mwachitsanzo, ndizotheka kupanga kupanga masitepe popanda othandizira).

Choyipa chokhacho cha kapangidwe ka mtundu uwu chimatha kutchedwa zofunika kwambiri kuti ziwerengere zowerengera komanso zoyankhulira. Mapangidwe olakwika kapena olunjika bwino amatha kuchepetsa kwambiri kudalirika kwa masitepe a masitepe, omwe amakhumudwa ndi ngozi. Matandawo atha kufafaniza, sitepe kutuluka mu madalawa, ndipo ntchito yanu yonse ipita pampu. Chifukwa chake, ngati ndalama zimalola, ndipo chitetezo ndichofunika kwambiri kwa inu, lingalirani bwino.

Nkhani pamutu: Momwe mungawerengere masitepe pansi chachiwiri: magawo oyenera

Mitundu ya Kujambula

Popanga masitepe amtunduwu amatha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zokongoletsera ndi teta. Yambitsani bwino zambiri sizophweka, koma poyamba ndizoyenera kudziwa kuti ndi zina ziti:

• Yofunika kwambiri ndi gawo lokhazikika la gawo lofunikira kupatsa owonjezera ndi kudalirika kwa kapangidwe kake.

• Nyumba ndi chinthu chopingasa cha siteji, chomwe chimakhazikika pa munthu pokwera kapena kukhala pamasitepe.

Masitepe amatha kukhala osapondereza, koma ndizosatheka kulingalira masitepe osamamatira. Ichi ndichifukwa chake masitepe atsopano ndi atsopano komanso alonda amapangidwa nthawi zonse. Itha kukhala gawo limodzi kapena kusankha kwaulere popanda ngozi. Dziwani kuti njira yachiwiri ikutchuka kwambiri.

Masitepe Othamanga

Njira yothetsera njira zopita ku namkungwi ndi yosavuta. Magawo opangidwa ndi otenthedwa ndi mabungwe amaikidwa mu ma grooves kapena osakanizidwa ku mipiringidzo, ngodya zachitsulo. Kuti mapangidwewo sanamasulidwe, izi ziyenera kuchitika molondola komanso kulondola.

Chithunzi cha masitepe opangidwa

Zinthu zosankhidwa zosiyanasiyana zimakupatsani mwayi wopanga masitepe osiyanasiyana. Mitundu yamatabwa imadziwika kwambiri ndi zotsika mtengo komanso ulemu wazomwezi. Musaiwale za moyo wautali wa nkhuni, komanso kuthekera kwa kukonzanso kapena kukonza kwathunthu. Masters odziwa bwino amapanga masitepe apamwamba kuchokera ku mtengo, omwe ndi oyenera chilichonse, ngakhale kukonzekera kwamkati.

Kodi ndibwino bwanji: masitepe ophuka kapena achimondo?

Mukamasankha mtundu wa masitepe osungirako masana, mavuto ena angachitike. Makamaka eni nyumba zanyumba zakudziko sangasankhe zomwe zili bwino - taitiv kapena kosur. Choyamba, mawonekedwe akunja a tsatanetsatane ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kumachitika. Kosir amapangidwa mu mawonekedwe a chipepu chobwereza zolemba zake za gawo la masitepe. Chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe aliwonse amaphatikizidwa ndi nkhope yapamwamba, ndipo kukwera kwake kuli kumbali.

Mosiyana ndi kukomoka kwa atta, palinso mawu ofananirapo. Zoterezi zimawoneka bwino kwambiri, ndipo masitepewo sawoneka, chifukwa amayikidwa mu ma groove apadera kapena amaikidwa pa mipiringidzo yokhazikika. Zowoneka, masitepe pamphuno amawoneka ngati yaying'ono, koma kapangidwe kake pa namkungwi ndi kodalirika komanso kugwirira ntchito bwino.

Kusankha imodzi kapena njira ina, samalani ndi malowa m'chipindacho komanso kukhalapo kwaulere. Ngati nkhani yosungirako mlengalenga muli pachimake, ndibwino kukonda masitepe pa cosos.

Kupanga masitepe pa namkungwi ndi manja anu ndi osavuta kwambiri, mumangofunika kungomatira kukula kwake. Zinthu zonse ziyenera kuthandizidwa pasadakhale ndi antiseptics, lembani miyeso yawo ndikusintha mawerengero.

Njira yosavuta yomanga masitepe (kanema 1)

Mitundu Yosangalatsa ya masitepe (34 Zithunzi)