Imiturire ya Sprical, Dome irazwi igihe kirekire - yarangi, icyorezo, Wigvama, nibindi - Yubatswe kuri iri hame. Batandukanijwe no gutuza no gukosora byubwubatsi kuruta kandi byari bikwiye gukundwa kwa ba sogokuruza. Ariko amazu ya Dome muburyo bwera, nkigihemwa cyacyo kigezweho, cyagaragaye ko atari kera - nko mu gice cya kabiri cyikinyejana gishize. Igihe Umuhanga Umuhanga Fuller yashyizemo igishushanyo mbonera kumibare yoroshye - mpandeshatu, ibishushanyo byose byakusanyijwe. Kuri iri hame ko amazu menshi ya spherical kandi uyumunsi arimo yubakwa.
Amazu ya Dome: Ikoranabuhanga n'ibiranga
Inzu yo mu rugo cyangwa vertical ni amazina yikoranabuhanga rimwe ryubwubatsi. Mubyukuri, izina ryerekana kugaruka kwinyubako yo kubaka inzu - inzu ntabwo yumvikana, ariko ikorwa muburyo bw'isi. Ahubwo - muburyo bwa polyhedron yegereje mumiterere kugeza ku ruzi.
Ifishi nkiyi irusheho kwiyongera kwumuyaga nuburayi, hamwe nikirere kingana niterambere hamwe nurukiramende, gifite ahantu heza cyane. Ariko munzu nkiyi nta cyumba kimwe cyurukiramende cyangwa kare. Nubwo uruhande rumwe, ariko ruzengurutse. Ibi biragoye imiterere, kurangiza, guhitamo no gushiraho ibikoresho. Birashoboka cyane, byose cyangwa byinshi mubihe, ugomba gukora "munsi", ukurikije ingano yawe.
Amazu ya Dome afite isura yamenyekanye
Amazu ya Dome yubatswe, cyane cyane mu ikoranabuhanga mu nzerere, niko kubaka ari urumuri. Ikadiri iteranijwe mu kabari cyangwa imiyoboro y'icyuma, igabanywa n'ibikoresho byubaka amababi (plywood, OSP). Insulate (Polystyrene Foam, ubwoya bwamabuye, amazi yifuro, ibikoresho byifuro, ibidukikije nka jute, ibidukikije, egae, nibindi. Nibyo, usibye uburyo budasanzwe, nta makuru, ibikoresho byatoranijwe nkuburyo busanzwe.
Hano hari dome dome na monolithic bashimangiye beto. Ariko iri koranabuhanga rikoreshwa cyane, cyane cyane mugihugu cyacu, aho ibiti, rimwe na rimwe, bihendutse. Niba kandi dusuzumye ko hakenewe ubushyuhe bwiza bwa dome ya beto, idakunzwe iragaragara.
Hamwe n'amakadiri yinzu ya dome ntabwo yoroshye cyane. Hano hari tekinoroji ebyiri ziteraniye hamwe: dome ya geodesic na stratomedic. Bafite ibiranga bishobora kugira ingaruka kumahitamo yawe.
Geodesic dome
Dome igabanijwemo inyabutatu, muri zo polyereron yakusanyijwe. Ubusanzwe ubwo bukorikori ni ibiti binini mugihe kimwe. Abihuza bakoreshwa kugirango basohoze neza - ibikoresho byihariye by'ibyuma, bemerera byimazeyo guhuza ibijyanye n'imiterere y'imiterere. Buri kimwe mu bikubiyemo ibiciro kuva kuri 600 kugeza 1500 ($ 10-25).
Imodoka ya geodesic kumazu ya spherical yubatswe hashingiwe kuri mpandeshatu
Byarateguwe ko umubare wabahuza ubarwa hamwe na mirongo cyangwa magana, ukubaho kwabo bigira ingaruka zikomeye kubiciro byubwubatsi. Abateganya kubaka inzu ya dome baragerageza gukora badahuza cyangwa bakabikora nabo batigenga. Impamvu zirasobanutse, ariko hamwe nimbaraga zidahagije zo guhuza, inyubako munsi yimizigo irashobora gusenyuka. Hamwe no kuzigama kuriyi node birakenewe cyane kuba mwiza kandi mwiza cyane.
Guhuza bikoreshwa muguhuza ibiti bya geodetic dome
By the way, mugihe ukoresheje ibiti byibiti, hariho ikoranabuhanga rihuriye, ariko iteraniro rya Node risaba urwego rwo hejuru rwubuhanga nubusabane. Kandi nyamara: Ntabwo bizewe nkimikorere hamwe nicyuma.
Icyubahiro cyimiterere yubwoko nubushushanyo. Mu kurimbuka 35% yibintu bya dome ntabwo byasenyutse. Ibi byagenzuwe mu turere dutolati, hayobowe na serwakira. Gutera imbere bigufasha gukuraho byoroshye gusimbuka. Ni ukuvuga, gufungura umuryango, amadirishya arashobora gukorwa ahantu hose, hafi yubunini ubwo aribwo bwose. Gusa ikintu gikeneye gusuzumwa ni Windows izaba mpandeshatu. Muri iki gishushanyo, ntabwo buri hose. Kuri benshi, iki ni ibisubizo bikomeye.
Ingingo ku ngingo: kuki ukeneye umutego wamavuta munsi ya sink?
Mpandeshatu ziragaragara neza kumazu arangiye
Ikindi kiranga - mugihe giteranya igikoma, udafite uruhu, gifite imbaraga nziza zo kugoreka imitwaro, ariko ntabwo ibuza imitwaro miremire. Kubwibyo, ikadiri irabanza hamwe hanyuma noneho iratunganijwe.
Dottomanian dome
Amazu ya Dome yibishushanyo nkurwo yakusanyirijwe mu bice by'imiterere ya trapedadal. Ni ukuvuga, ibice byayo birasa cyane na rectangles cyangwa kare. Imiterere nkiyi yemerera gukoresha inzugi n'amadirishya Igishushanyo gisanzwe. Kuri benshi ni byinshi.
Kugabanya dome ihagaze ni uko bishoboka gukuraho ibintu bishushanyije nyuma yo kubara neza no kuzamura imiterere yegeranye. Ihererekanyamibo cyangwa idirishya, impinduka mubunini birashoboka gusa nyuma yimpinduka mubushobozi bwo kwikuramo uru rubuga cyangwa hamwe na dome muri rusange ibarwa.
Dome StratoRedesic igizwe nibice bisa nurukiramende (umucuranga umusozi muto w'Andira)
Iri koranabuhanga rifite ikintu cyaryo cyinteko. Ikadiri igomba kuba iyobowe nkibikoresho. Ni ukuvuga, umurongo wa kabiri wimigabane uteranijwe gusa nyuma yo gupfobya, umurongo wa gatatu - nyuma ya kabiri udoda hamwe nibikoresho, nibindi. Ibi biterwa nuko muburyo budashira - nta kwipimisha - ikadiri ifite ubushobozi buke butwara imitwaro ihagaritse kandi ntabwo irwanya cyane kugoreka imitwaro. Hanze ikimara gutegurwa, biraba birambye kandi byizewe.
Bitandukanye na geodesic dome, ntabwo isabwa kubaka umuhuza mwiza. Ibice bihagaze bihujwe hakoreshejwe ifumbire idasanzwe. Abasimbuka batambitse bafunzwe nisahani igenwa na bolts munsi yicyuma gishyizwemo.
Imiterere yimitamizo yinkunga ituma bishoboka gukora veranda
Hariho ubundi bwunga bugira ingaruka kubiciro byinzu ya dome. Hamwe numurongo wibikoresho byurupapuro kudurumbuka, hari ibihingwa byinshi kuruta iyo igikoresho cya geodesic. Ibi ni bimwe byongera ibiciro byibikoresho. Ariko barishyurwa nuko Windows nimiryango bikoreshwa nubushushanyo, basaba bihendutse kuruta inyabutatu. Nkigisubizo, ikiguzi cya dome yubuhanga butandukanye ntabwo butandukanye cyane.
Ibyiza n'ibibi
Nukuri ko amazu ya Dome asa nkaho adasanzwe, ntawe uzatongana. Niba ushaka kugira inzu cyangwa akazu "ntabwo ari nkabandi bose" kandi ntacyo urwanya inyubako yinzu, reba iyi ikoranabuhanga. Igisubizo nukuri ntabwo gisanzwe. Byongeye kandi, bavuga ubukungu. Igiciro cya metero kare gitangira kuva $ 200. Ariko nkuko ubyumva, ni igiciro gito. Ubwo bukungu.
Iyi nayo ni inzu.
Ibyiza by'inzu
Usibye isura idasanzwe, plus mumazu ya vertical niyi ikurikira:
- Gukoresha neza umwanya. Ibyumba biboneka hamwe nubuso ntarengwa hamwe nubutaka buto cyane. Ni ukuvuga, umwanya udakoreshwa hejuru yumutwe wawe.
- Ubuso buto bwo hanze bwinkuta ugereranije nibishushanyo byurukiramende.
- Ubuso buke - ubushyuhe buke bwatandukanijwe mu gihe cy'itumba kandi bwibasiwe mu cyi. Ni ukuvuga, ibikubiye muri ayo mazu nkabo birakomeye mubukungu.
Imvura ikabije ntabwo yegeranye - kugwa cyangwa gutemba
- Ku bishushanyo bya Dome, imvura iratinda mugihe gito cyane - barazunguruka.
- Igishushanyo nicyo cyoroshye, urufatiro rusabwa mubwibone. Mubisanzwe - ribbon, ariko nziza kandi yikirundo kandi bishushanyije. Mubutaka budahungabana, birashoboka gukoresha munsi yicyuma.
- Muri dome urashobora kwinjizamo numero. Ibi ntibizagira ingaruka kumutekano wibishushanyo mbonera.
- Ingano nto inzu ntabwo yakuye inkuta imbere, bityo ikiguzi cyibikoresho byo kubaka ni bike. Dome Amazu menshi kare kare agomba kuba afite inkuta, cyangwa inkunga. Ariko barashobora gushyirwa ahantu hose, bibemerera kubihuza nuburyo bwifuzwa.
- Imiterere ya dome igufasha kuba byiza bifite bateri yizuba.
- Mu nyubako za dome, biroroshye gutunganya gahunda yo guhumeka, gushyushya no guhumeka. Urubanza ruri muburyo bwo hejuru bwo hejuru, bugira uruhare mu kuvanga ikirere.
Muguhuza ibiranga, amazu ya Dome arasa neza. Byongeye kandi, benshi bavuga ko bisaba uburyo buke bwo kubaka - kubera ubuso buto bwinkuta, kuzigama ibikoresho byakijijwe. Ukurikije imibare yimibare, agace k'urukuta kari munsi ya gatatu. Ariko kuzigama niba aribyo, ntabwo rero ubwumvikane buke busobanutse, ukoresheje ibice byihariye byongera ikiguzi cyo kubaka. Mubyukuri, ikiguzi cya metero kare ni kimwe no kubaka imiterere iteganijwe.
Ibidukikije
Ibibi nabyo kandi birakomeye. Ibyo ari byo byose, birakwiye kubimenya no kuzirikana.
- Kubara amazu ya dome yigenga. Kubara ntabwo ari bibiri, ariko mumikino itatu, kandi ntabwo byoroshye.
- Ikoranabuhanga ryagaragaye ntabwo rya kera, nta bisobanuro nyabyo n'amabwiriza.
- Tegeka umushinga nubwubatsi wifuzwa kumashyirahamwe asanzwe afite uburambe mukubaka inyubako za jumbicariya, kandi ntabwo ari byinshi.
Imiterere yimbere yinzu ya dome irasobanutse neza
- Hariho imyanda myinshi yibikoresho byo kubaka, nkuko bigurishwa, cyane cyane urukiramende. Ibi bigabanya ubukungu bushoboka biterwa nubuso buto bwinkuta.
- Mu miyoboro ya geodesic yumuryango n'amadirishya yurupapuro rudasanzwe. Bakozwe muburyo buteganijwe, kandi bisaba byinshi. Amakuru meza nuko ibigo byinshi kandi byinshi bishobora gufata kuri gahunda nkiyi, kandi ibi biganisha ku biciro biri hasi.
- Guhitamo kugabanya ibikoresho byo gukanda imitako yo hanze. Ku gisenge, amahitamo abiri gusa ni meza - yoroshye yoroheje cyangwa ya dranco. Ibikoresho bisigaye bitewe nuburyo bwabo cyangwa gukomera ntibingora. Kubwumusaya wo hanze wurukuta ushobora gukoresha ibikoresho bimwe, ariko biracyakomeza plaster na gushushanya byongeyeho. Hano hari imishinga inkuta n "" igisenge "bikozwe mubintu bimwe. Igabana rero.
Kurangiza inzu ya dome ifite ibiranga
- Bitewe no kuba hari inkuta zizengurutse, guhitamo ibikoresho byo kurangiza inkuta mubyumba ni bike. Ubunini bunini cyane muri Tiramic mu bwiherero kandi igikoni ntizakoresha imikoreshereze, ariko mozaic izahuza neza, ariko birahenze cyane. Iyo urangije umurongo, agace k'urukuta kagabanijwemo ibice byubugari buto, bigenwa nu mushanga uhagaze. Hafi yo kugenda mugihe inkuta zitwikiriwe na wallpaper, ariko zirasa n'amabara nkimbuga. Gushushanya ibibanza byo guturamo no "byumye", plaster yo gushushanya no gushushanya inkuta birakwiriye.
Haracyariho imiterere idasanzwe, ariko rwose ni ukubitirira ibibi. Kuvanga amazu yo kurimbuka nubwobiri bwabo. Uburyo budasanzwe rero bwibibanza ni, ahubwo, ikintu kigomba kwitabwaho mugihe cyo guhitamo / gutumiza ibikoresho no guhitamo ibikoresho byo kurangiza.
Imishinga n'igenamigambi
Inyubako izenguruka ntabwo yoroshye gutegura kugirango iko ishyize mu gaciro, nziza, ndetse ikamera neza. Hariho tekinike nyinshi zingenzi zikurikiza cyane. Ikintu cya mbere cyihutira mumaso, munzu nkiyi ntigishobora kuba koridoro. Nta hantu na hamwe bafite yo kwitwara. Ntabwo ari bibi, ariko imiterere yinzu iragoye cyane. Reka dutangire byoroshye - uburyo bwo kwinjizwa murugo.
Iyi nayo ni inzu, ikorwa nikoranabuhanga rya dome.
Itsinda ryinjira
Kubwiki cyacu, birafuzwa ko inzugi zinjira zijya mucyumba gito, ntabwo ziri mucyumba kinini. Ikiza muri uru rubanza agato ka tambour. O irashobora kwigunga ahantu hose cyangwa ifatanye. Hafi imirimo imwe ikora Veranda itwikiriye. Ubu ni bwo buryo bworoshye bwo gukemura ikibazo.
Ntabwo abantu bose bakunda ubu buryo. Uyu munsi mwisi izindi nzira - kuva kumuryango winjira winjire muri salle nini yagutse / icyumba kizima. Iyi miterere nayo irashoboka, ariko ingamba zinyongera zirakenewe kugirango ugabanye umwuka ukonje - umwenda uri hafi yimbere. Byakozwe hamwe nubufasha bwo kwishyiririrwa hasi bwabajyanama cyangwa gushiraho imirasire nyinshi zikomeye hafi yumuryango. Inzira ya mbere irakora neza, iyakabiri biroroshye kubishyira mu bikorwa. Ibintu byose biranga amazu ya Dome. Hamwe nitandukaniro ryonyine ugomba kumena umutwe, uburyo bwo kwinjira muri vestibule yubatswe. Izindi nzira ebyiri zakemutse.
Gutegura Inzu ya Dome: Turatekereza uburyo bwo gutegura itsinda ryinjira
Reka turebe itandukaniro ryibikoresho byinjiza kurugero. Ku ishusho hejuru, umushinga ukwiye, imiryango yinjira yirengagiza icyumba cyazima / icyumba cyo kuriramo. Icyemezo nk'iki kiranga Uburayi na Amerika. Buhoro buhoro tubona gukundwa, ariko kubijyanye n'ikirere gikaze, akenshi bizana ibintu bitameze neza - buri rugi mu gihe cy'imbeho bizana igice gikomeye cy'umwuka ukonje, bigabanya ihumure.
Amahitamo ibumoso - hamwe na tambour. Kuva Tambura Ibice bibiri - Umwe mu busitani bwitumba, ikindi mu gikoni / icyumba cyo kuriramo. Igisubizo ntabwo gigezweho, ariko gikemurwa ikibazo cyubukonje bufata ahantu ho gutura. Igitekerezo nk'iki gikwiye kwemezwa.
Niba Tambour yemejwe gukora urujijo, biragaragara, ugomba gutanga ubwoko bumwe n'amwe munzu. Byibuze ni kare eshatu (kumushinga wibumoso). Ihuje niba icyumba cyo kubaho / kizengurura kizaba kiri kuri.
Ibirimo bibiri byubatswe-kwa Tambour / koridoro
Undi Dean ni ugutanga ahantu hanini no kuyikoresha nka salle yinjira. Inyandiko Hano hari imyenda, hangter kubintu "kuri ubu" (umushinga w'itegeko). Niba agace kemerera, urashobora kwinjizamo sofa nto. Ku nzu yakunze, kuboneka kwa salle yinjira ni ngombwa. Umwanda n'umucanga ntabwo byinjijwe mu nzu. Kandi iyi niyo mpaka zishyigikira itsinda ryinjiza ryerekanwe. Umugereka cyangwa uruzitiro rumaze guhitamo. Ariko icyumba cyo kwinjira kiroroshye. Ibyo ari byo byose, mu buryo bufatika.
Imitunganyirize y'umwanya
Kenshi na kenshi, igice cyingenzi cyumwanya winzu ya dome gigaragazwa kumwanya wabantu. Kuva kuri iyi karere nkuru, urashobora kwinjira mubindi byumba byose biherereye muruziga. Muri rusange, ibibanza byo hagati ntibyoroshye, nkuko "bigenda cyane".
Igice cyo hagati kizakoreshwa cyane, bityo ntushobora gukora iyi zone
Ntabwo bizashobora kuruhuka, niba ari icyumba kizima, ntabwo byoroshye guteka, niba igitekerezo cyo gukoresha iki cyumba kimeze nkigikoni, nkicyumba cyo kuriramo nacyo ntabwo aribwo buryo bwiza . Imishinga ikoresha neza iyi umwanya ishyirwaho hejuru. Irasa neza ku ishusho, ariko mubuzima ntishoboka kubara mubyumba. Ibyumba byashize ntabwo aribituwe cyane.
Mu kigo ushobora gushyira ingazi
Ntabwo aribwo buryo bubi bwo gukoresha iki gice cyuburinganire - kwishyiriraho ingazi. N'ubundi kandi, amazu menshi yo kuri dome afite amagorofa abiri, hamwe nintambwe ya spiral ibaza hano. Birakenewe gusa gutekereza ko niba byoroshye kugoreka kuzenguruka inkingi, ntibitorohewe no gukoresha - impinduka nziza cyane ziraboneka. Niba ushushanya ingazi nubwoko "neza", biragoye kuyiyubakira wenyine. Iki gice rero kigomba kweguriwe umuntu.
Amazu asigaye kandi arateganijwe kandi nibisanzwe. Itegeko nyamukuru rikeneye kwibukwa: Kugira ngo sisitemu yubuhanga ntabwo ihenze cyane, ibyumba byose "bito" byashyizwe hafi. Ahantu h'ibyumba, akabati n'ibindi "byumye" - uburyohe bwawe.
Video ku ngingo
Nkaho batasobanuye birambuye, ibyiza byayo nibibi, igitekerezo nyacyo cyo kugorana. Twabonye igice cyingenzi cyamakuru nibitekerezo bigaragara. Amashusho n'amafoto bifasha gusa igice gitanga ikiganiro rusange. Nibyiza cyane kubona ibintu byose n'amaso yawe mumasomo.
Ingingo ku ngingo: Nigute wahitamo urugi rwa kabiri rwinjira mu nzu