Niba ushaka kubaka bidasanzwe, bitandukanye ninzu yumuturanyi, reba amazu munsi yinzu imwe. Itanga umwimerere wubaka. Byongeye kandi, igisenge kimwe nicyo cyoroshye mubikoresho. Byoroshye kuburyo bishobora gukorwa n'amaboko yawe.
Ibyiza n'ibibi
Ibisenge bimwe bifatwa nkihendutse kandi byoroshye mubikoresho ubwabo. Kandi ibi ni ukuri, cyane cyane hamwe nubugari bwinyubako. Nubwo bimeze bityo, mugihugu cyacu murugo hamwe nigisenge cyinshi hari ahantu hatagaragara. Ahanini, ibi biterwa nuko ibisenge bibiri cyangwa bine byatsinzwe cyane - birasa neza. Igisasu cya kabiri nukubona umushinga wahujwe nikirere cyacu. Hariho umutungo mwinshi wiburengerazuba, ariko wagenewe ikirere kitoroshye, nkitegeko, gira ahantu hanini. Shakisha umwubatsi uhindura umushinga ukunda uragoye cyane. Ariko niba byari bishoboka, kandi ubwuzuzanye bwinyubako ntirwahungabanye, inzu ihinduka umwimerere.
Imwe mumishinga yamazu ifite igisenge kimwe
Imyanda myinshi idahwitse mu gice runaka cyinyubako. Birumvikana ko ibintu bigorana gutsinda kuruta ibisanzwe, ariko ibisubizo biratandukanye rwose - umwimerere ni 100%. Nibyo, iki gihe shakisha uwashushanyije ushobora guteza imbere imbere isa niyariya ry'abayabaga biragoye cyane, nyamara, birashoboka.
Hariho ubundi buryo bwo gusohoka - guhuza ibisenge kugirango bigerweho, kandi umwanya wubusa munsi yinzu ikoreshwa nkibibanza bya tekiniki. Amahitamo nk'aya arashyirwa mu bikorwa anyuzwe cyane. Nibyo, ibibanza bya tekiniki kuri hasi, no hejuru, ariko ntabwo arikibazo kuri mater yubutaka.
Ibi birashoboka ko ari iminota yose cyangwa imitego ko igisenge kimwe gishobora kuzana. Hariho, ikindi gihe, kigoye kuvuga ibibi, kubera ibintu biranga imiterere, ibikoresho byo gusakara ntibigaragara kumazu nkaya. Niba agace garyoroshye, udafite ibitonyanga byinshi byuburebure, guhangayikishwa no kugaragara hejuru yinzu, ntabwo byumvikana. Nibyiza guhitamo byoroshye mumiterere, ariko ibikoresho byiza cyane, ituje (indege nini, hamwe nurusaku rwimvura) kandi wizewe. Imwe mu mahitamo azwi ni igisenge cyo hejuru. Itanga urugero rwiza rwo gukomera, ntabwo ari urusaku rwinshi. Ubundi buryo ni igisenge cyoroshye kubikoresho bigezweho. Ibisenge nkibi biratuje, nibikoresho bigezweho birashobora gukorerwa imyaka 20-30 tutabisanwe.
Igikoresho kimwe cyo hejuru cyo hejuru
Ahantu hasabwa hateguwe igisenge kimwe-imbonerahamwe gitunganijwe kubera uburebure bwinkuta zinyuranye. Urukuta rumwe rwinyubako ruri hejuru cyane kurenza iyindi. Ibi biganisha ku kwiyongera kw'ibikoresho ku rukuta, ariko sisitemu y'imyanda iriroroshye cyane, cyane cyane inyubako z'ubugari buto.
Igisenge kimwe cya shed
Hamwe nubushobozi buhagije bwo kwikuramo inkuta, sisitemu yumurongo yinzu imwe yinzu ishingiye kuri Maurylalat, yashyizwe ku rukuta. Kugirango igabanye umutwaro igabanuke, umurongo wo hejuru wurukuta rushimangirwa no gushimangirwa no gushimangira birebire (kurukuta rwamatafari, Armopoya (hejuru yumurongo wa beto, amabuye y'agaciro , sewer) yasutswe hejuru yumurongo wanyuma. Kubireba imiterere cyangwa ikadiri yimbaho, Uruhare rwa Mauerlat mubisanzwe rukora ikamba rya nyuma cyangwa hejuru.
Hamwe n'imbaraga zidahagije zo kubaka ibikoresho byinkuta, ibyinshi mumutwaro birashobora kwimurirwa hejuru. Kubwibyo, ibice byashyizweho (intambwe - nko muri metero 1), aho kwiruka bishyizwemo - utubari turerure tugenda mu nyubako. Kuri bo no kwishingikiriza noneho amaguru.
Nigute ushobora kohereza umutwaro kuva kurukuta kugirango urenganye
Iyo Armopoya yuzura cyangwa ashizeho umurongo wanyuma, muri yo, hamwe nintambwe ya CM 80-100, iyi siyo yashizwemo, hanyuma mauerlat noneho ifatanye nurukuta rwinyubako. Munzu yibiti, niba udakora Armopoyas, ntibishoboka gushiraho sitidiyo. Muri uru rubanza, yemerewe gushiraho amakaramu hamwe numutwe wa hexagon. Munsi ya PIN, umwobo ucukurwa muri Mauerlat, milimetero imwe munsi ya diameter ya pin. Inkoni y'icyuma iragufi, ikurura akabari k'ibiti ku rukuta. Ihuza ryatinze ukoresheje urufunguzo rwa Hex ingano yifuzwa.
Ingingo ku ngingo: Umutako w'imbere: Ibikoresho n'amahitamo (ifoto)
Sisitemu imwe imwe
Ibisenge nkibi birakundwa cyane mugihe wubaka inyubako zagard - Sarai, igaraje. Gusa ingano yinyubako zituma bishoboka gukoresha ntabwo ari imirigo ikomeye, kandi ibiti birasabwa muburyo buto. Hamwe n'ubugari bw'imiterere kugeza kuri metero 6, sisitemu ya chalk yinzu imwe-imbonerahamwe imwe ntabwo ikubiyemo ibintu bifatika (bikubiyemo kandi ikora), byunguka), byunguka), byunguka), byunguka), byunguka), byunguka), byunguka), byunguka), byunguka), byunguka), byunguka), byunguka), byunguka), byunguka), byunguka), byunguka), byunguka), byunguka), byunguka), byunguka), byunguka), byunguka), ni inyungu. Kandi ikurura kandi kubura node bigoye.
Ku rutonde rwo hagati rw'Uburusiya rwo guhaguruka kugeza kuri metero 5-150 mm, kugeza kuri metero 4 zihagije za mm, nubwo ari mu buryo bwiza, ni ngombwa ko ufata urubura n'umuyaga cyane mu karere kawe , kandi, ukurikije ibi, kugirango bigerweho nibipimo bya Byim.
Sisitemu imwe yinzu hamwe na intingi ntoya (kugeza kuri metero 6)
Iyo intera iri hagati yinkuta zigera kuri metero zigera kuri 4.5, igisenge kimwe kigizwe na bibiri bizana maurolalat, gishyizwe ku rukuta, hamwe nintoki zishingiye kuri Mauerlat. Rwose igishushanyo mbonera.
Nubugari bwa metero 4,5 kugeza kuri metero 6, biracyasabwa gukururwa, bikosorwa kurukuta rwo hejuru kurwego rwo kurenganurwa hamwe nukuguru bisimburana hafi hagati. Inguni yumusozi wiyi beam biterwa nintera iri hagati yinkuta nuru rwego rwibitabo bya lenzny.
Sisitemu yo kwiyongera kwinshi mu gisenge kimwe-imbonerahamwe yubugari bwinyubako zirenga 6. Muri iki gihe, nibyiza niba inzu yateguwe kugirango imbere hari kandi urukuta rufitemo, rushingiye ku nkombe. Ubugari bwinzu kugeza kuri metero 12, imirima iracyayoroshe, ikiguzi cyo gusakara nigikoresho cyo gusakara ni gito.
Igikoresho cyimirima yigisenge kimwe-imbonerahamwe yubugari bwinyubako zirenga 6
Ku nyubako ubugari bwa metero zirenga 12, sisitemu iragoye - ibirenge byanditseho biba byinshi. Byongeye kandi, gukora ibitaramo birenga metero 6 bihebuje. Niba kwiyongera gusa kubugari bwa oops yinzu, ibiti byahagaritswe kurupapuro rwibibyimba. Ibi nibice by'ibiti bimwe, bihujwe n'indabyo kandi bishyirwa ku mpande bifite ibiti bibiri by'ibiti bifite byibuze cm 60 zabakishijwe amasambuzi.
Ihitamo ryo Kumena stropil
Niba uburebure bwuzuye bwa beam bubonetse metero zirenga 8, mubisanzwe ziratemba. Ingingo zihuriweho zongeye kwiyongera wica imbaho cyangwa ibyapa.
Amahitamo yihuta yazamutse kuri Mauerlat: kugenda hejuru no hejuru no hejuru hejuru iburyo. Ku hepfo iburyo, amahitamo yo kurohama adafite inkweto (birakunze gukoreshwa)
Hashobora kubaho ibibazo byuburyo bwo gufunga igisenge kimwe kuri Mauerlat. Nta tandukaniro ryibanze. Ibintu byose nabyo bitera ikirenge c'isi, ibiti bikaba muri Mauerlat. Kugirango utababazwa na buri kirenge cy'imyenda, ugabanye kugwa, kunywa icya mbere, mu kibaho cya mbere, mu kibaho cyangwa akabari kanini cyangwa akabari kerekana inyandikorugero, bisubiramo neza ". Ibice byose byakurikiyeho byuzuye mbere yo kwishyiriraho. Inyandikorugero irakoreshwa ahantu heza, gukuraho imiterere nubunini birakosowe.
Byari ijambo ryerekeye gufunga ibirenge byimyenda kuri Mauerlat. Ikoreshwa ku nyubako zose zitanga agace gato. Ku mazu yimbaho, ubu buryo bwo gufunga ntibushobora gukoreshwa - inzu igihe cyose gishimura cyangwa yazamuye gato, niyo mpamvu hashobora kubaho skew. Niba igisenge gikemuwe giteye imbere, irashobora kumeneka. Kubwibyo, mugihe ushyira imbonerahamwe imwe cyangwa ikindi kintu cyose gisohoka kumazu yimbaho, umuhoro na mauelalat birakoreshwa. Kubwibyo, bita "kunyerera". Ibi ni ibyapa, imiterere kuva ku mfuruka zifatanije na Mauerlat kandi zihuza na bo imirongo y'ibyuma bifatanye n'ikirenge. Hano hari ahantu hahanamye kuri buri rafter.
Guhitamo inguni yo kwifuza igisenge
Inguni yo guhagarika igisenge igenwa na hamwe nibipimo byuzuye - umuyaga n'umutwaro wa shelegi n'ubwoko bwo gusakara. Ubwa mbere, biyemeje hamwe n'inguni y'ibintu (bitewe n'umubare w'imvura n'umuyaga). Nyuma yo kureba byibuze kubogama muburyo bwatoranijwe bwibisasu (mumeza hepfo).Ingingo ku ngingo: Nigute wakora ibigori byumwenda n'amaboko yabo kumukunzi?
Izina ryibisenge | Impengami ntoya yo kwifuza (muri dogere) |
---|---|
Asbian plate na ondulun | 6 ° |
Sima-umucanga na ceramic tile | 10 ° |
Guhinduka Bitumininous Tile | 12 ° |
Icyuma. | 6 ° |
Sima ya Asbian cyangwa Slabs | 27 ° |
Icyuma cya Gallen, Umuringa, Zinc Titanium Impapuro | 17 ° |
Umwarimu | 6 ° |
Niba inguni yifuzwa ari nyinshi, ibintu byose nibyiza, niba bike (bibaye gake cyane) - byiyongera kubasangwa. Gukora igisenge gifite inguni munsi yimfuruka ntoya isabwa nu ruganda rukora hejuru yinzu, ntabwo rwose - bizatemba. Koroha kwibanda, reka tuvuge ko kuri strip yuburusiya, hasabwa hantu hasabwa igisenge kimwe ni 20 °. Ariko ni byiza kubara umubare kuri buri karere, ndetse no muburyo butandukanye bwo kubaka kurubuga.
By the way, uzirikane ko abakora batandukanye b'ubwoko bumwe bwibisenge bishobora gusaba kubogama gake. Kurugero, kurasa icyuma cyikimenyetso kimwe gishobora gukorwa hejuru yinzu hakoreshejwe byibuze kubogama kwa 14 ° indi - kuri 16 °. Kandi ibi ni nubwo bigenda bigerekaho kubogama byibuze 6 °.
Birakwiye kandi kwibuka ko hamwe na skate igera kuri 12 ° kugirango tumenye neza ibikoresho byo gusakara byose, birakenewe ko tubura ingingo zose zifatika zifite ibimenyetso byamazi (mubisanzwe - byoroshye - Igisenge cyo hejuru.
Turagena uburebure busabwa kuzamura urukuta
Kugirango habeho inguni yo gucukura igisenge kimwe, ni ngombwa kuzamura imwe murukuta hejuru. Nkuko niga, kwibuka formula yo kubara inyabutatu y'urukiramende. Turasanga nuburebure bwibirenge byimyenda.
Nigute ushobora kubara ibipimo byigisenge kimwe
Iyo kubara, ntukibagirwe ko uburebure bukuweho tutazirikanaga ibintu, kandi bakeneye kurinda inkuta z'inzu mu mvura. Imyoge ntarengwa ni cm 20. Ariko hamwe nigituba gito kirenze inyubako, igisenge kimwe cya kutsuza gireba hanze yinyubako. Kubwibyo, mubisanzwe byibuze cm 60 ku nyubako zigororotse. Kububiko bwamagorofa abiri, barashobora gushika kuri cm 120. Muri iki gihe, ubugari bwa sink bugenwa hashingiwe kubitekerezo bya aestetic - igisenge kigomba kugaragara neza.
Icyitegererezo gishushanya
Inzira yoroshye ni ukumenya amafaranga ari ngombwa kwagura igisenge muri gahunda zo gushushanya, kwemerera inyubako ku gipimo no "gukina" hamwe na skes. Ibintu byose bigomba kwerekanwa mubipimo 3 (gahunda izwi cyane yo gushushanya). Hitamo muri IT yubunini bwibirenge, hitamo isa neza (ibi niyaba nta mushinga), hanyuma utumize / hanyuma utegeke / gukora rafters.
Raporo yifoto kuva mubwubatsi: igisenge kimwe ku nzu ya beto ya aerast
Yubatswe Inzu muri St. Petersburg. Uyu mushinga ntiwari, hari igitekerezo rusange kitangwa ku ifoto. Inzu ikozwe muri beto ya moteri yateye ubwoba, irangize - plaster, igisenge - kuzinga byatoranijwe ukurikije ikiguzi gito, kwizerwa, koroshya kwishyiriraho.
Igitekerezo cyinzu munsi yinzu imwe
Inkuta zimaze kwirukanwa, Abanyaruvako bashizeho muri bo, muri iyo sitidiyo (Ø 10 MM) yashyizwe kuri buri metero. Iyo bifatika muri Armopoyas byageze ku busa bukenewe, urwego rw'amazi ("hydroize", kata ku bayobozi b'ubugari bw'ukwifu) ryashyizwe kuri Bistumen. Hejuru y'amatapi, Mauerlat ishyizwe - impfizi 150-150 mm. Ibiti byose, bikoreshwa kubikoresho byo gusakara, byumye, bitunganizwa no gukingira bidahwitse, antiqurens.
Tangira Kuzenguruka Igisenge kimwe - Gushyira Mauerlat
Yashyizweho bwa mbere (ibinyoma kuri sitidiyo, akurikiza abafasha), arengana, akomanga inyundo ahantu hahagaze. Akabari kashyizwe ahagaragara ahantu situdiyo irazimya. Noneho umwobo uracura kandi uyibone gusa kumisatsi.
Kubera ko igihe kiboneka kuri binini, shyira ibisimba bivuye mu kabari (MM 150-150 mm), bishyizwemo kwiruka, bizakomeza amaguru.
Kwinjizamo ibice no kwiruka
Ubugari bw'inzu ni metero 12. Ibi bireba kubitsa kuri metero 1.2 uvuye kuruhande. Kubwibyo, utubari mauerlat no kwiruka "gukomera" kurenza inkuta zurukuta.
Kugirango umenye neza igisenge maurylalat hamwe na kwiruka bifata imipaka X
Ubwa mbere habaye gushidikanya kuri uku gukuraho binini - umurongo ukabije umanika metero 2.2. Niba ibi bifatanye bigabanutse, ni bibi ku rukuta, kandi isura izarimburwa. Kubwibyo, ibintu byose byafashwe byemejwe kuva uko biri.
Ingingo kuri iyo ngingo: gukimuka kuri blikoni abikora wenyine
Kurambika igihe
Bashyizwe mu bikorwa bibiri by'imibare 200 * 50 mm, hamwe n'intambwe ya mm 580. Ikibaho kizengurutswe n'imisumari, mu rutonde rwa checker (hejuru hepfo), hamwe n'intambwe yo muri 200-250 mm. Imyanda iburyo, hanyuma ibumoso, hubatswe hejuru / kuva hepfo iburyo, hejuru / uhereye hepfo ibumoso, nibindi). Ahantu ho gukarangagura kuri kaburimbo munsi ya cm 60. Ikibaho cyavuyemo kiboneka cyane kiba rwizewe kuruta akabari nkiyi.
Rafters yashyizwe
Uburyo bwo gufunga ibiti
Ibikurikira, umutsima wigisenge kimwe cyurubanza runaka ni iki (kuruhande rwa atike - kumuhanda): Umunyamajyambere wa Ibuye 200 mm, Countle-SOOTKA), Igisenge ibikoresho. Muri iki gihe, iyi ni ibara ryiza.
Urugero rwa cake igisenge ku gisenge kimwe (muri rusange ni standard)
Iyishinyaguro riva imbere rizakorwa nyuma, kandi mugihe hejuru yimvura, dushyiramo hydro-umuyaga-wumuyaga-wumuyaga "tailer ikomeye" (imyuka-iragaragara).
Dushyira inyamanswa zifite ibarahizamutungo-rigaragara
Imyenda yo muri Membrane hasi, ifatanye n'uducamake kuva mu stripr. Canvas izunguruka iri hejuru yinjira muri cm yamaze gukoreshwa 15-20. Ihuriro ryunvikana na kaseti ebyiri (yaguzwe hamwe na membrane). Noneho imbaho ziteganijwe hejuru ya membrane, ni doomle yo hejuru yinzu.
Dome yinama 25 * 150 mm
Ubwa mbere, gukata ikozwe mu kibaho 25 * 150 mm mu ntambwe ya mm 150. Nyuma yo kurambika, nk'igisenge, cyafashwe icyemezo cyo gushimangira isanduku. Kubwibyo, hari ubugari bwa mm 100 ku mbaho zimaze gushyiraho imbaho. Noneho hari icyuho cya mm 25 hagati yimbaho.
Indwara imwe y'igisenge nkigisubizo
Ibikurikira, inkeri zo kuzamura sisitemu yamashanyarazi yunamye kumurongo wo hasi. Ntabwo ari abantu batashyingiranywe, kuko kubera uburebure bunini bwimbere, byafashwe byemejwe kugirango bakore inshuro ebyiri kuri metero 2.8 uhereye ku nkombe. Kugira ngo uzenguruke mu mpande ebyiri kandi uruhuka.
Ibitego bya sisitemu yo kumenagura
Ibikurikira, birakenewe gukora ibice by'ibyuma (gushushanya) metero 12 z'uburebure. Ntabwo baremereye, ariko ntibashobora kunanuka, kuko Salazki yacitse. Kuguterura, ikiraro cyigihe gito "ikiraro" gihuza isi nigisenge byubatswe. Kuri we no kurasa.
Kuzamura impapuro ukoresheje ikiraro
Ibikurikira genda hejuru, bitandukaniye nubwoko bwibikoresho byo gusakara. Muri uru rubanza, byari ngombwa gukemura ikibazo cyubushyuhe bwibikoresho - ibyuma byimisozi (Igisuro) mugihe ashyushye / gukonjesha ahindura cyane ibipimo byayo. Kugirango ubwisanzure bwo kwaguka, gutunganya ibikoresho byisanduku byafashwe byemejwe kubiva byimuka byumudendezo nubwisanzure bwo kugenda kwa mm 15-20.
Gushiraho umurongo wa burvatures wo kuzenguruka igisenge
Kurambika igisenge cyibinyoma kuva Purala
Nyuma yo gutwika ibikoresho byo gusakara, amenyo yagumye, kandi ntaho batandukaniye.
Nkeneye kuzana umuzi "mu mutwe" - Kwirukana, ariko, ahanini, byiteguye
Nibyiza, kumafoto hepfo uko byagenze nyuma yo gutesha umutwe. Bigezweho cyane, stilish nibisanzwe.
Inzu ifite igisenge kimwe - kurangiza hafi kurangira
Imishinga n'amafoto y'amazu afite igisenge kimwe
Nkuko bimaze kubwirwa, biragoye kubona imishinga ishimishije yinyubako zituruka zifite igisenge kimwe. Mugihe izi nyubako zidakunzwe. Ahari kubera umwimerere wacyo. Iki gice kirimo imishinga myinshi cyangwa amafoto asanzwe yubatswe. Ahari umuntu azagira akamaro byibuze nkigitekerezo.
Umushinga winzu nto munsi yinzu imwe
Iyi nzu irahari. Cyane cyane igisenge cyuzuyemo ahantu hafite uburebure
Inzu imwe yubudozi ifite igisenge kimwe ahantu hanini
Inzu yububiko bubiri hamwe namaterance kumagorofa abiri
Munsi yubukorikori busaba impengamiro nini
Windows nini - nziza, ariko idashyira mu bihe byacu
Inzu y'Ibihugu byinshi - Umushinga washyizwe mu bikorwa
Iyi ni prototype yicyo giherereye hejuru.
Inzu y'umwimerere. Munsi yinzu imwe n'inzu no kwakira kubaka, ndetse no mu rwego - igikanda hejuru y'urugo hagati yinyubako ebyiri
Umushinga umwe hejuru, kurundi ruhande
Ibisenge bibiri hamwe kurwego rutandukanye