Umhlobiso wezindonga awugcini nje ngokudluliswa kwezakhiwo ngephephadonga, ukupenda, udaka lokuhlobisa nokunye, konke kusebenza ngezinga elikhulu kwimisebenzi yangaphakathi. Kepha futhi kukhona ingxenye yangaphandle yodonga, okudingeka futhi okudinga ukuhlobisa. Uhlobo oluhle kakhulu lomhlobiso luqothula izitini zodonga.
Izinzuzo zezitini
Izitini, njengento ebonakalayo, elula elula, kodwa eqinisweni, ihluke kakhulu. Ngokusebenzisa kwayo, akuhlotshiswa kuphela, kodwa futhi kwakha nawo wonke izakhiwo. Vele, njengento esemqoka, ayisathandwa kangako, ngenxa yokubonakala kwezinto zokwakha ezishibhile zokwakha, njengokhonkolo ongeyena, kepha njenge-concrete ebheke khona.
Kungani ukhethe isitini sokwehla kwezindonga zekhaya lakho? Kunezizathu eziningana zalokhu. Ngenxa yokubukeka okukhangayo, kanye nezindlela ezahlukahlukene kanye nemithunzi, ngosizo lwezitini, ungenza isakhiwo esibi kakhulu futhi esinciphile, sisha. Ekhuluma "okusha", asikhulumi ngokubona okubukwayo, isitini siyakwazi ukwelula impilo, noma yisiphi isakhiwo, okungenani iminyaka engamashumi amahlanu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlanganisa izindonga ngesitini, kuvikela isakhiwo kusuka kumthelela omubi wemvelo yangaphandle, emimoyeni, izimvula kanye nokubanda. Lokhu kuyinto eqinile eqinile engasabi amaconsi okushisa, futhi ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo zokufakelwa okushisayo, zonga ekufudumaleni.
Ngakho-ke, ukusebenzisa izitini njengento ebhekene nazo, ungenza indlu eyakhiwe kusuka emabhulokini amagwebu ashibhile futhi asebenzayo, ahlonishwa kakhulu ngokubukeka, futhi avikele isakhiwo ekubhujisweni ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Enye inzuzo ebalulekile yezitini ukukhetha okukhulu emakethe yokwakha. Noma ngubani ofuna ukwenza i-facade ye-facade yendlu yabo, angakhetha okuqukethwe, ukunambitheka kwawo kanye nesikhwama sawo. Amanani entengo yezitini ancike ezinhlotsheni zawo, ahlukaniswe ngombala, ukwakheka, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ngokusho kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza.
Ukukhetha izinto
Njengoba sikhuluma ngesitini njengezitini ezingcolile, lapho-ke udinga ukuyikhetha ngokunambitheka kwakho nokwethulwa kwekhaya lakho okufanele unakekele ngayo umsebenzi. Vele, into yokuqala okufanelekile ukunakwa ngumbala wesitini.
Zingaba cishe noma yimuphi umbala, kepha izithunzi ezingajwayelekile zazo, zifana, ziluhlaza, ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, njll., Izitini ezinjalo zivame ukuhlotshiswa ngezinsimbi, ama-arches kanye neminye imidwebo efanayo.
Imibala yezitini evame kakhulu yile, nsundu emnyama, etholakala ngokungeza i-manganese ku-Clay, aphuzi nemibala emhlophe, ukuxuba ubumba nge-lime, isitini esibomvu, ungaphansi kokudubula kwebanga elithile lobumba. Yonke le mibala ingahlanganiswa nomunye, ukucushwa kwawo kukhawulelwe kumbono wakho.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Ungaletha kanjani izimbungulu ezivela kusofa ngokuzimela kwamakhambi abantu
Yini enye engashiwo ngaphezulu kwemithunzi, lokhu lapho ukhetha kungcono ukuthenga wonke ama-batch adingekayo ngasikhathi sinye, endaweni efanayo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uma, enqubweni yokubhekana nakho, kuyancipha ukuthi isitini asikho, futhi kuzodinga ukuyithenga, kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukukhetha umthunzi ofanayo.
Izitini nazo zihlukaniswe ngokwakhiwa. Zigcwele, okungukuthi, umfaniswano, futhi kungenalutho, isitini esinjalo sinamaseli amaningi ngamaseli. Uhlobo lokuqala lwezitini lubiza kakhulu futhi lusinda, lwesibili, ngokulandelana, kulula, kodwa futhi lushibhile.
Ngaphezu kombala nokuklama, lokhu okuqukethwe kuhlukaniswe ubuchwepheshe babo bokukhiqiza, ngenxa yalokho abanezindawo ezihlukile zomzimba. Ngale pharamitha, yilezi:
- Ekhazimulayo;
- Ceramic;
- Clinker;
- Hyperressive;
- Silingi.
Izitini ezikhanyisiwe nezikhazimulisiwe
Kukhiqizwe kubuchwepheshe obufanayo. Izitini ezikhanyisiwe, lena yi-ceramics efanayo, kepha zithambekele ekubonakaleni okuningi. Lezi yizitini ezifanayo esixoxa ngazo ngenhla, lezo ezingaba umbala. Ngakho-ke, uma udinga ukwenza umklami umdwebo odongeni, khona-ke ngaphandle kwalolu hlobo lwezinto ezibonakalayo akenzi.Okokucacanguzela
Ngaphandle kwangaphandle kubukeka njengezitini ezijwayelekile, kepha kunamandla amakhulu kakhulu kwindlela ekhethekile yokukhiqiza. Ukwakheka kwabo kufaka phakathi ibanga elikhethekile lobumba, lapho lapho kudubula, kunamathisela amandla amahle kakhulu. Izinhlobo zezitini ze-Clinker Bricker, ngincoma ukusebenzisa ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu, njengezisekelo, umnyango nokuvuleka kwefasitela.
Hyperressure
Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqizwa kwalokhu okuqukethwe, kusho ukungabi bikho kokudubula, ubumba njengoba kunjalo. Izitini zitholakala ngokucindezela okuqinile kakhulu kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene. Ngenxa yalokhu, lokho, okubonakalayo, kubonakala ngetshe lemvelo, kepha kushibhile, futhi kungcono ukunqotshwa ukucubungula.Isitini esibi
Impahla ejwayelekile nejwayelekile kakhulu. Ishibhile impela futhi isebenza, kepha njengendlela ebheke, ayifanele. Inazo zonke izakhiwo, ngaphandle kwezinhlobo ezinhle zobuhle. Ngakho-ke, asizange kusabekwa emakethe yokwakha njengento ebheke.
Izidingo zesisekelo
Ukubhekana nezindonga ezinezitini, ezingenakugcina nje ezintweni ezibonakalayo uqobo, kodwa futhi nasezisekelweni, okungukuthi, isisekelo sesakhiwo sizokwenziwa. Ngicabanga ukuthi angidingi ukuchaza ukuthi izitini ziyizinto ezisindayo kakhulu.
Eqhuba izindonga zezindonga, empeleni wenza olunye udonga, futhi luzoba nesisindo esikhulu, noma ngabe isitini esingelona asisebenzi sisetshenziswa. Kuyaqhubeka, kungcono ukuthi sonke lesi sisindo sinokusekelwa okuthembekile ngohlobo lwesisekelo, futhi kungaba nenkinga.
Njengoba ngishilo, ababhekene nabo bangenziwa ngokushesha esakhiweni esakhiwa, futhi singasetjenziselwa ukuvuselela indlu "ephila". Esimweni sokuqala, lapho sakhe isakhiwo, isisekelo kufanele sibekwe ekubalweni kokubeka okubhekene nakho, kufanele kunwetshwe kulokhu. Isakhiwo esinjalo sobubanzi ukuze ama-masonry abheke ngaphandle awenzile ngaphezu kwengxenye yobukhulu bawo.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Ungabala kanjani ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokwenza udaka olusezingeni eliphezulu
Akunasidingo sokubeka isisekelo se-screw Pile Foundation, ngeke sikwazi ukubekezelela isisindo sodonga. Ngale njongo, isisekelo sikakhonkolo, esiqiniswe ngamatshe ukhonkolo osekelwa, kungcono.
Umzuzu obalulekile! Udonga oluthathwayo nokuhlaziya okubhekene kumele kube sesisekelweni esisodwa.
Kepha yini okufanele yenze uma isakhiwo sesakhiwe kudala, futhi ububanzi besisekelo bulahlekile ukwakha udonga lwezitini kulo? Ungakhathazeki, kulesi simo kukhona indlela yokuphuma, ubufakazi balokhu bungasebenza amakhulu uma kungenjalo izinkulungwane zezakhiwo ezindala ezifakwe izitini.
Ukwandisa isisekelo, ochwepheshe bancoma ukusebenzisa amakhona ensimbi galvanized, anamathele esisekelweni esikhulu, esebenzisa amahange ensimbi. Cabanga ngamakhona kufanele abe nesigaba esikhulu sesiphambano ukuze akwazi ukumelana nesisindo esibi se-brick masonry.
I-Tech Masonry Bricks
Ngokwemvelo, into yokuqala okufanele yenziwe ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi ukubala inani elidingekayo lezinto ezibonakalayo. Ukuze senze lokhu, kudingeka sibeke umugqa wokuhlola wezitini, usayizi owufunayo, emigqeni eminingana, futhi ucubungule ukuphakama okulengisiwe, okulingana nokuphakama kodonga lomthwali. Impahla Masonry yenziwa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa isisombululo.
Njengoba ubale inani elidingekayo lezitini, futhi uthenga wonke umdlalo, ungaqala umsebenzi. Isixazululo esiyisithupha sesimende, ukuvumelana kwayo kufanele kube mkhulu ngokwanele, ukuze kubekwe ngokwethembekile, izitini zomunye nomunye. Ubukhulu bekhambi kufanele kube ukuthi lapho ubeka isitini phezu kwaso, akufanele abhukude "kuyo," futhi kufanele, ambelele ngokuqiniseka.
Bheka ibanga kusuka odongeni lwenkampani ophethe lapho behlasela, kufanele kube cishe ama-30 cm. Le ephaketheni lendiza iyadingeka ezintweni ezimbili, ukuthuthukisa ama-condensate phakathi kwezindonga, lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma ngokhuni elibheke ekhaya. Uzodinga futhi lama cm angama-30 uma uhlela, ukusetshenziswa kokufakwa okufana noboya bezimbiwa phansi noma igwebu, kodwa sizokhuluma ngabo ngezansi.
Ukuze ama-mason aweli, kufanele ahlelwe ngodonga olufunayo. Indlela engcono yokwenza ukusebenzisa "ukubopha". Le ndlela isho ukuvalwa kwe-metal dowels odongeni ophethe njalo ngemigqa engu-4-6 yezitini, ngobubanzi obungama-50-70 cm kusuka komunye nomunye. Elinye isiphetho socingo linamathiselwe ezindlebeni zama-dowels, kanti owesibili ucashe kuma-masonry ngobubanzi bawo. Ngakho-ke, ingxenye yomthwalo iwela odongeni ophethe, futhi inikeza ukuqina okungcono.
Ngokwehlukana, kufanelekile ukusho ukuthi ungabeka kanjani isitini, lapho ukhala, ungasisebenzisa kanjani isixazululo. Njengoba ama-masonry ethu athwala izakhiwo ezihlobisa ekuqaleni, isendlalelo sekhambi kufanele sifane futhi singadluli ku-10 mm ngobukhulu. Ngaphambi kokubeka isitini engxenyeni yesimende, udinga ukumanzisa, kuyadingeka ukuze impahla ingathathi umswakama kwikhambi, ngaleyo ndlela kukhulisa izakhiwo zayo.
Isihloko ngesihloko: I-Cardboard House yenze ngokwakho
Imigqa ngayinye engu-6 yama-masonry, hlola ukuthi isixazululo sishaya ngaphandle kwezitini, uma kwenzeka, khona-ke ingxube kufanele isuswe ngokushesha. Ngaphandle kwalokho, khona-ke lokhu kuzokwenziwa kuyinkinga, futhi kwandisa ingozi kasawoti kusuka ezintweni ezibonakalayo ezindaweni zokungcola.
Ukulawula njalo izinga lendiza yodonga usebenzisa izinga elivundlile kanye ne-plumb. Kubalulekile futhi ukusetha izinga elifanele ekuqaleni komsebenzi, uma lokhu kungenziwa, khona-ke umphumela ungaba nzima, kuze kufike esakhiweni esiphelele.
Ukuthola okuhle - ngisho nethoni yalo lonke indiza, izitini kufanele zithathwe ngokushesha kusuka kumaphakeji ambalwa. Futhi, ngemuva kokuphothula umsebenzi, ungacubungula lonke udonga, chlorine, luzokuvumela futhi ukuthi usethe umbala ongaphezulu komhlaba. Enqubweni yokusebenza, susa isixazululo esithe xaxa kusuka kumthungo, kudingeka kwenziwe ngokushesha, ngoba, ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzodingeka ukuthi uqoqe kabusha amahlathi, nemizamo yokususa isixazululo kuzodingeka ukuthi usetshenziswe okuningi.
Isexwayiso! Ungasebenzi ngesimo sezulu esibandayo. Uma izinga lokushisa lomoya lingaphansi kuka-0, bese umsebenzi kufanele uwa. Okufanayo kuyasebenza kwimvula, ngokufika kwayo udinga ukumboza ukubeka nokubeka, ukuqoqa ithuluzi bese ulinda.
Izindonga ezintathu ezinezitini zibheke
Izendlalelo ezintathu zodonga azilutho ngaphandle kodonga lwenkampani ophethe, ukufakwa kanye nokukhamba. Ukufakwa okuthandwa kakhulu nguboya obunamaminerali kanye negwebu, kanye nezinhlobo zabo.
Uvolo wamaminerali, unezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokufakelwa okushisayo, kepha kuqokomisa izinto ezinobuthi, vele, ngaphakathi kwemingcele yento ejwayelekile, kepha azinabuthi babuna. Isikhathi senkonzo yaso singaphansi kwegwebu. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuyisebenzisa. Ngakho-ke, ungakuhlazisa kanjani ukubeka ukubeka esikhundleni sokufakelwa, ngicabanga ukuthi amasu akho awafakiwe.
Lungisa ukufakwa odongeni oluthwala ngosizo lwamahange epulasitiki, abizwa nge- "izambulela". Okokuqala, umgodi uchithwe ukufakwa odongeni oluthathwayo, ihange lifakwa emgodini, futhi, induku yokwanda ivalwa kuyo.
Ukusetshenziswa kokufakelwa kuhlinzekela ukusungulwa kokujikeleza komoya phakathi kodonga oluthwala kanye nokuqothuka. Kwenze kube lula kakhulu. Kuyadingeka ngesikhathi se-brick masonry, yonke imigqa engu-4-5 ishiya umthungo owodwa omile angenalutho, okungukuthi, shiya ngaphandle kwesisombululo.
Futhi, umoya omncane ungenziwa "kahle" usebenzisa izitini m 150, kumele zisetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwezindawo zokukhwabanisa, yonke imigqa engu-4-5, ukuyibeka eceleni.
Ividiyo ethi "Qeda indlu yezitini"
Bheka le vidiyo, kungaba namuphi umphumela usebenzisa isitini sokwenza ngaphakathi kwezindonga.