The four-tight roof is practical and attractive, however, has a complex solry system. Therefore, I want to tell you about the existing types and devices of the rafter systems. This information will certainly help you make a beautiful and durable roof for a gazebo or any other building.
Four-sheet roof will allow you to decorate your arbor
What is a four-tie roof
General
The name of the roof under consideration speaks for itself - it has four skate. Thanks to this, as I said, it looks attractive to simpler single single and duct designs. But, in addition to an attractive appearance, she has other advantages:
- Low wind load . Since the four-tight roof is more streamlined than a double, it is subjected to less load;
Due to the absence of frontones, four-tight roofs are not subjected to strong wind loads.
- Strength . The rafting system allows you to withstand large mechanical loads.
Of course, four-tight roofs can not be called absolutely perfect, so they have some drawbacks:
- Construction complexity . Collect the frame is much more complicated than during the construction of a duplex and, moreover, a single-table roof;
The rafter system has a complex design.
- Minimum attic space . Therefore, the attic of such a roof will not be able to use as a residential premises. But, for the gazebo, this minus is irrelevant.
Despite these flaws, four-tight roofs are among the most common.
Views
There are several varieties of four-sheet roofs:
| Illustrations | Description |
| Walmovaya . A feature is that it does not have frontones. On the ends instead of them are triangular (holm) rates. Thus, the roof consists of a pair of trapezoidal and pairs of triangular rods. |
| Semi-degrees. From the usual Walmova differs in that it has small frontones located in the skate. At the same time, under the frontton there is a hollow trapezoidal skate. It must be said that the roofs of the arbors are rarely made by half-haired. |
| Tent. Absolutely symmetrical design formed by alone valves, i.e. All four triangular slides. Visually design resembles a tent, from here and such a name. |
Scheme of the device of the rafter system
Device of the rafter system
Walm roof
The most complex design has a hip truck system. It consists of the following elements:
- Rafter farms . The element of the frame in the form of an isoble triangle, formed by two response rapid legs. The rapid fourth roof farms have the same design as the farm of the bantal roofs. They are the main element of the frame of trapezoidal (side) skates.
Article on the topic: Curtains in a cage to the kitchen: How to choose ideal curtains?
As a rule, rafting farms are strengthened with tightening. These are horizontal jumpers that are attached between two rafters. Tightening reduce the spacer on the walls.
The rafter farm consists of two rafters and strengthening elements
In addition to the tightenings, racks, supporting lobes, or saws can be applied. The latter are inclined racks that rely on the bearing walls or beams of overlapping, and support rafters;
- Mauerlat. Bar, which is stacked on the outer walls and serves as the basis of the design. In the arbors, the Mauerlat feature most often performs the top strapping;
- Skate run. The beam, which is installed along the roof axis and binds all the rafter farms;
- Sound (diagonal) rafters. Stropile legs that are installed in the corners of the roof;
- Nonigar. Rafters that are attached to the covered legs;
- Central rafters. Installed in the center of the Valm and rest on the end of the skate run.
Additionally, the design may contain runs that bind all the rafters within the row. As a rule, the runs transmit a load from the racks.
Sketch of the rafting system of the semi-raid roof
Polvalmovaya
The semi-haul roof is different from the holm presence of supporting boards that are attached to extreme farms. The support boards serve as the border between the skate and the fronton. Thus, the level of layout of the reference board determines the size of the front.
As a rule, the fronton takes one third of the row. It is decorated with an observation window that provides ventilation of the underpants space.
All covered rafters of designs and naturizers Valm are based on the supporting boards. Therefore, the latter perform carrying function.
Scheme of the tent roof
Tent
The rafter systems of the tent roof from the holm is distinguished by the lack of trapezoid rods and, accordingly, the skate run. As a result, all diagonal rafters converge at one point.As a rule, in the construction of tent roofs for arbors, a hexagonal rack is installed in the construction center, which is based on diagonal and central rafting legs. But, you can assemble the frame and without this rack using the soot and tightening.
Roof construction
The process of building a four-piece roof includes four steps:
Stages of the construction of a four-page roof
Next, we will look at how work is performed on each of these stages.
Project preparation
First, it is necessary to calculate and make a drawing of the rafter system. To do this, it is necessary to decide on the following nuances of the structure:
- An angle of inclination of the row . It depends on the type of roofing, for example, a professional sheet can be laid on the skates with a bias of 10 degrees. For soft tiles, the angle of inclination must be at least 12 degrees.
In addition, the angle of inclination is selected taking into account the peculiarities of weather conditions in the region. If the snow falls abundantly, it is desirable to increase the slope to reduce the snow load;
Article on the topic: Stuslo for plinths: how to use
The profile sheet can be laid on the roofs with an angle of tilt of the slopes from 10 degrees
- Type of construction . If the gazebo or other construction is square, it is best to make a tent roof. For rectangular structures, the optimal solutions are hip or semi-walled structures;
- Step and cross section . Separate taking into account the length of the skate and angle of its tilt. This information can be taken from reference books.
The step of the rafter depends on the angle of tilt of the slope and the cross section of the rafted
It must be said that the calculation and preparation of the project is carried out standard for all types of roofs. Therefore, you can get more detailed information on this topic from other articles on our portal.
Preparation of materials
For the construction of the roof we need:
- Bar 50x150 mm;
- Bar 100x100 mm;
- Boards 20x100 mm;
- Wooden rails;
- Waterproofing film;
- Roofing material - straightening, soft tile or any other coating.
So that the gazebo harmonies with the main structure, the color of the roofs should be the same. Even better if all buildings on the site will have the same roofing coating.
Metal frame can be covered with polycarbonate - such a roof looks like air and modern
During the construction of the arbor, it is not necessary to make a rafter system wooden. If the design is metallic, make a frame from the prom. In this case, polycarbonate can be used as roofing material, as a result of which the roof will be translucent.
Articles on the topic:
- Four-sheet roof for gazebo
Assembly of a hip truss system
The instruction on the assembly of a holmic rafting system looks like this:
| Illustrations | Actions |
| Installation of the skate run. Construction start from mounting the skate run. To do this, perform the following actions:
|
| Fastening diagonal rafters. Diagonal rafters Make a 50x150 mm bar. Secure rafters with steel corners and self-drawing. |
| Installation of intermediate rafters.
|
Article on the topic: Height of the washing machine
Assembling tent carcass
Now consider how to build a rafter system of the tent roof:
| Illustrations | Actions |
| Manufacturing hexagon:
|
| Production of response rafters:
|
| Installation of other pairs of rafters.
|
| Installation of narunaries. Between the central and diagonal legs, install these people in 90 cm increments. The ends adjacent to the diagonal feet, shut down the scheme described above. |
On this rafter system is ready.
Laying of roofing material
The process of installing roofing has almost no features:
| Illustrations | Actions |
| Obsek. Come to the rafters of the board with a pitch of about 300 mm. If a soft tile is used as roofing material, make a solid crate. If you plan to make a closed gazebo or another closed structure, before starting the installation of the crates, be sure to secure waterproofing and racks. Controls. |
| Installation of roofing material. Roofing is fastened with nails or self-drawing. When performing this operation, adhere to the recommendations from the material manufacturer. If you are going to use professional flooring or metal tile, put the foam sheets under the sheets. Thanks to this, the roof will not rumble during precipitation. |
| Installation of the skate. Unlike the duplex roofs, the skate bar (skating tile) should be fixed on all outer corners. These challenges are attached in the same way as the roofing coating itself. |
To extend the durability of the rafting system of the arbor, do not forget to paint or at least treat protective impregnation.
On this work is completed. If you wish, you can make the roof liner with clapboard or siding from the inside to give it a more attractive appearance. But, this measure is optional, as it is exclusively decorative.
Output
Now you know what is a fourth roof, and how to build it yourself. If difficulties arise, write comments, and I will gladly help you with advice.