Mugihe utegura uburyo bwo gutanga amazi, inzu ntisaba pompe gusa, ahubwo ikoresha imyitozo kugirango ikore akazi kayo. Ibikoresho bimwe bisabwa - Gushiraho igitutu cy'amazi. Iki gikoresho gito kirimo pompe mugihe igitutu cyagabanutse muri sisitemu hanyuma kizimya iyo urwego rugeze. Agaciro ka on hamwe na off irashobora guhinduka. Kuburyo iki gikoresho gitondeka, uburyo bwo guhuza nuburyo bwo guhinduka - mu ngingo.
Intego n'ibikoresho
Kugirango inzu yigenga muri sisitemu yo gutanga amazi, igitutu gihoraho cyakomeje, ibikoresho bibiri birakenewe - hydroaccumulator hamwe nigitutu. Ibi bikoresho byombi binyuze muri pipeline bihujwe na pompe - Ihererekanyabubasha REVES iboneka hagati hagati ya pompe na hydroaccumulator. Akenshi ni hafi yibi bikoresho, ariko icyitegererezo zimwe zirashobora gushyirwaho kumazu ya pompe (ndetse no kubyamburwa). Reka tubimenye mubikorwa byibi bikoresho nuburyo sisitemu ikora.
Imwe muri PUP SHAKA
Hydroaccumumulator ni kontineri itandukanijwe n'amasaro ya elastike cyangwa inzamu mu gice bibiri. Muri imwe, umwuka uri munsi yigitutu, amazi yatewe isegonda. Umuvuduko wamazi muri hydroaccumumulator namazi, ashobora gutwarwa aho, agengwa numubare wumuyaga wa pompe. Umwuka ni mwinshi, umuvuduko mwinshi ukomeza muri sisitemu. Ariko icyarimwe, kandi amazi muri kontineri arashobora gukururwa bike. Mubisanzwe, birashoboka gukuramo bitarenze kimwe cya kabiri cyijwi muri kontineri. Nibyo, litiro 100 hydroaccumumulator izahaguruka kugirango ikureho litiro zirenga 40-50.
Kubikorwa bisanzwe byibikoresho byo murugo, ATM ya 1.4 irasabwa - ATM 2.8. Kugirango ukomeze urwego nkurwo kandi gisaba igihugu cyumuvuduko. Ifite imipaka ibiri ya trigger - hejuru no hepfo. Iyo imipaka yo hasi igeze, relay itangira pompe, yavomye amazi muri hydroaccumumulator, muriyo (no muri sisitemu) yongera igitutu. Iyo igitutu muri sisitemu kigera kumupaka wo hejuru, relay ihagarika pompe.
Mu gishushanyo hamwe na Gyrdroaccumumulator, igihe runaka amazi akoreshwa muri tank. Iyo umubare uhagije utangwa kugirango igitutu cyaguye ku rugero rwo hasi, pompe izafungura. Iyi sisitemu rero ikora.
Igikoresho cy'umuvuduko
Iki gikoresho kigizwe nibice bibiri - amashanyarazi na hydraulic. Igice cy'amashanyarazi ni itsinda ryabasoza rifunga kandi rifungura harimo / kuzimya pompe. Igice cya hydraulic ni membrane gishyira igitutu ku mpeta n'amasoko (binini na bito) aho igitutu kiriho / off gishobora guhinduka.
Umuvuduko w'amazi
Kurekura igice cya hydraulic kiri inyuma yigihugu. Birashobora kurekurwa nu mutwe wo hanze cyangwa ufite ibinyomoro byabanyamerika. Ihitamo rya kabiri riraryoshye mugihe ushizemo - murubanza rwa mbere, ugomba cyangwa ushakisha adapte hamwe nubunini bukwiye cyangwa uhinduranya igikoresho ubwacyo, kandi ntabwo buri gihe gishoboka.
Ingingo ku ngingo: Niki koza ifuro ijyana hamwe numuryango wicyuma: Uburyo bwihariye
Inyongeramusaruro yigice cyamashanyarazi nacyo inyuma y'urubanza, kandi guhagarika terminal ubwayo, aho insinga zihujwe, zihishe munsi yumupfundikizo.
Ubwoko N'INGENZI
Umuvuduko wamazi relay Hariho ubwoko bubiri: imashini na elegitoroniki. Mechanical ihendutse cyane kandi ikundwa mubisanzwe, na elegitoronike igenwa.| Izina | Gutanga igitutu ntarengwa | Igenamiterere ry'uruganda | Uruganda / Igihugu | Icyiciro cyibikoresho | Igiciro |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rdm-5 dzhelex | 1- 4.6 ATM | 1.4 - 2.8 ATM | Dzhelex / Uburusiya | Ip 44. | 13-15 $ |
| Italtecnica RM / 5G (m) 1/4 " | 1 - 5 ATM | 1.4 - 2.8 ATM | Ubutaliyani | Ip 44. | 27-30 $ |
| Italtecnica Pt / 12 (m) | 1 - 12 ATM | 5 - 7 ATM | Ubutaliyani | Ip 44. | 27-30 $ |
| Grundfos (Conder) MDR 5-5 | 1.5 - 5 ATM | 2.8 - 4.1 ATM | Ubudage | Ip 54. | 55-75 $ |
| Italtecnica PM53w 1 " | 1.5 - 5 ATM | Ubutaliyani | 7-11 $ | ||
| Genebre 3781 1/4 " | 1 - 4 ATM | 0.4 - 2.8 ATM | Espanye | 7-13 $ |
Itandukaniro ryibiciro mububiko butandukanye ntibyirenze imbaraga. Nubwo, nkuko bisanzwe, kugura ingero zihendutse, hari ibyago byo kwiruka ku mpimbano.
Guhuza umuvuduko wamazi
Umuvuduko wamazi usanzwe kuri pompe ajyanye na sisitemu ebyiri: kumashanyarazi no gutanga amazi. Yashizweho ihagaze, kuko idakenewe kwimura igikoresho.
Igice cy'amashanyarazi
Guhuza igihugu cyumuvuduko, umurongo wabigenewe ntusabwa, ariko wifuzwa - amahirwe menshi yo gukora igikoresho azaba aremba. Uhereye ku nkingi agomba kuba umugozi ufite igice cy'umuringa gikomeye cyo guturamo byibuze metero kare 2.5. mm. Kwishyiriraho Bundle ya Machine + Uzo cyangwa DiffvOT yifuzwa. Ibipimo byatoranijwe kurubu kandi biterwa cyane nibiranga pompe, kubera ko umuvuduko wigitutu wamazi urya ubu bike cyane. Mu gishushanyo, ni ngombwa kugira ubutaka - guhuza amazi n'amashanyarazi bitera akarere k'akaga.
Igishushanyo cyo guhuza cyumuvuduko wamazi Hindura akanama k'amashanyarazi
Insinga zirakomera muburyo budasanzwe bwinyongera inyuma yurubanza. Munsi yumupfundikizo hari impande. Hano haribintu bitatu bihuye kuri yo:
- Guhurira - Abayobozi bahuye baturuka mumwanya no muri pompe barahujwe;
- Umurongo wa terminal cyangwa "umurongo" - Guhuza icyiciro na chire ya zeru kuva ingabo;
- Terminals kugirango yirebire asa na pompe (mubisanzwe kuri blok iherereye hejuru).
Aho terminal kuri ratike yumuvuduko wamazi
Guhuza Ibipimo - Abashinzwe gusukurwa no kwinjiza, byinjijwe mu muhuza, komeza hamwe na bolt. Up basevers kubuyobozi, reba niba bafite umutekano. Nyuma yiminota 30-60, ibiramba birashobora gukururwa nkumuringa - ibikoresho byoroshye no guhura birashobora kuruhuka.
Ihuze na Pipeline
Hariho uburyo butandukanye bwo guhuza umuvuduko wamazi relay kuri sisitemu yo gutanga amazi. Uburyo bworoshye cyane ni ugushiraho adapte idasanzwe hamwe nibisabwa byose - byinyuma. Sisitemu imwe irashobora gukusanywa mubindi bikoresho, gusa amahitamo yiteguye ahora ari umugozi.
Irashya inyuma yinyuma yinyuma, ibisigaye bihujwe na hydroaccumululator igaburira alse kuva kuri pompe numuhanda ujya munzu. Urashobora gushiraho indi ibyondo nigituba.
Urugero Urugero rushingiye ku gitsina
Ingingo kuri iyo ngingo: decoupage yameza yikawa kubikora wenyine
Manometer - igikwiye ni ugugenzura igitutu muri sisitemu, kurikira igenamiterere rya relay. Ibyondo - kandi igikoresho wifuza, ariko gishobora gushyirwaho ukwayo kumuyoboro uva kuri pompe. Mubisanzwe hariho sisitemu yose yo muyungurura amazi.
Hamwe na gahunda nkiyi, hamwe no kunywa, amazi yatanzwe muri sisitemu - azenguruka hydroaccumulator. Itangira kuzuza crane zose zizafungwa munzu.
Umuvuduko wamazi Uruhu rwo Guhinduka
Reba inzira yo guhindura kopi ikunzwe cyane - RDM-5. Byasohowe ibimera bitandukanye. Imipaka yo guhindura yarahinduwe, kubera ko igitutu gitandukanye gisabwa mumiyoboro itandukanye. Uhereye ku ruganda, iki gikoresho gisohoka hamwe nimiterere yibanze. Mubisanzwe ni 1,4-1.5 ATM - urwego rwo hasi na 2,8-2.9 ATM - urwego rwo hejuru. Niba utanyuzwe nibipimo bimwe, urashobora kuyashima nkuko bisabwa. Ubusanzwe inzira isanzwe ikenewe mugihe ushyiraho Japuzzi: igitutu gisanzwe kuri 2.5-2.9 atm kubikorwa bikenewe ntibihagije. Mu bindi bihe byinshi, imyigaragaro ntibisabwa.
Muri pasiporo hari ibisobanuro byuzuye
Muri Pdm-5 Umuvuduko wamazi, hari amasoko abiri ahindurwa kumubare / guhindukira kuri pompe. Aya masoko aratandukanye mubunini no kugenwa:
- binini bihindura imipaka (hejuru yo hejuru no hepfo);
- Impinduka nke delta - icyuho kiri hagati yumupaka wo hejuru no hepfo.
Guhindura ibipimo bibaho iyo bigoreka cyangwa bidahwitse kumasoko. Niba imbuto zizunguruka, igitutu cyiyongera, niba intege nke - kugwa. Ntabwo ari ngombwa kugoreka imbuto. Nta mpamvu yo guhindura imwe - iyi ni impinduka zigera kuri 0.6-0.8, kandi ubu ni nyinshi.
Nigute ushobora kumenya impinduka za relay
Urugero rwo gusuka (hamwe n'umuvuduko wo hasi ku gahato k'amazi) bifitanye isano nigitutu mu kigo cyindege - igitutu gito muri sisitemu bigomba kuba 0.1-0.2 ATM hejuru. Kurugero, niba igitutu cya ATM 1.4, urugi rwo guhagarika ni rwifuzwa 1.6 ATM. Hamwe nibipimo nkibi, Ikigega cya tank kizakora igihe kirekire. Ariko rero, pompe yakoraga mubihe bisanzwe, reba ntabwo ari ibiranga. Afite kandi igitutu cyo hasi. Rero, ntigomba kuba hejuru kurenza agaciro katoranijwe (munsi cyangwa bingana). Bishingiye kuri ibi bipimo bitatu hanyuma uhitemo inzitizi.
By the way, igitutu kiri muri hydroaccumumulator mbere yo gushyiraho bigomba kugenzurwa - hari gutandukana kwinshi mubipimo byatanzwe. Munsi yumupfundikizo wakuweho (birasa nkaho muburyo butandukanye kandi biherereye ahantu hatandukanye) nipple irahishe. Urashobora guhuza igitutu muri bwo (urashobora kwifashisha cyangwa uwufite) ukabona igitutu nyacyo. Ibye, by the way, unyuze kuri nipple imwe irashobora gukosorwa - kongera cyangwa hasi nibiba ngombwa.
Ibihome biterwa nibice bya sisitemu
Hejuru ku nkubiTO - kuzimya pompe - mugihe uhinduye byikora. Ihererekanya muburyo bw'umwimerere yashyizwe mu itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko (Delta). Itandukaniro mubisanzwe 1.4-1,6 atm. Niba rero watanze incoustion, kurugero, kuri ATM 1,6, Urugendo rwurugendo ruhita rugaragarira muri 3.0-3.2 (biterwa nimiterere ya relay). Niba ukeneye umuvuduko mwinshi (uzamure amazi muri etage ya kabiri, kurugero, cyangwa sisitemu ifite amanota menshi y'amazi), urashobora kwagura urwego rwo kwandura. Ariko icyarimwe hariho imbogamizi:
- Ibipimo byigenga ubwabyo. Imipaka yo hejuru irakosowe kandi muri moderi yo murugo ntabwo irenga 4 ATM. Ibindi byo gushyira gusa ntabwo bizakora.
- Umupaka wo hejuru wa pomp. Iyi parameter nayo irakosorwa kandi pompe igomba guhagarikwa byibuze 0.2-0.4 kuri atm iranga. Kurugero, umuvuduko wo hejuru wingingo ya 3.8 ATM pompe, umuvuduko wo guhagarika umuvuduko wamazi ntugomba kuba hejuru ya ATM 3.6. Ariko rero ko pompe yakoraga igihe kirekire kandi idakambitse itandukaniro nibyiza gukora byinshi - kurenza urugero ni bibi cyane mugihe cyakazi.
Ingingo kuri iyo ngingo: umusarani woroshye: kwishyiriraho, ibibazo nibisubizo
Nibyo guhitamo umuvuduko wamazi. Mubikorwa, mugihe ushyiraho gahunda ya sisitemu kubipimo byatoranijwe kugirango uhindure icyerekezo kimwe cyangwa ikindi, kuko ari ngombwa guhitamo ibintu byose kugirango ingingo zose zishingiye kumazi zikora bisanzwe, harimo ibikoresho byo murugo. Kubwibyo, akenshi bivugwa ko ibipimo byatoranijwe nuburyo "siyanse Tyk".
Gushiraho umuvuduko wamazi relay kuri pompe cyangwa patali
Kugena sisitemu, uzakenera igipimo cyimbaraga cyizewe, gusoma birashobora kumera. Ihuza na sisitemu hafi yigitutu.
Inzira yo guhindura igizwe no kugoreka amasoko abiri: nini na nto. Niba ukeneye kuzamura cyangwa kumanura urwego rwo hasi (guhindukira), uhindura imbuto kumasoko manini. Niba uhinduye isaha amasaha, igitutu kirazamuka, kirwanya - gusiba. Hindukira ku gaciro gake cyane - igice gihinduka cyangwa.
Guhindura umuvuduko wamazi relay ibaho hamwe namasoko
Urukurikirane rw'ibikorwa ni:
- Tangira sisitemu, Manometer irakurikiranwa nibyo igitutu cyarahindutse kandi pompe irazimye.
- Kanda cyangwa urekure isoko nini.
- Shyiramo kandi urebe ibipimo (icyo igitutu cyarahindutse, nkuko byagaragaye). Indangagaciro zombi zimuwe ku gaciro kamwe.
- Nibiba ngombwa, hindura ibyahinduwe (kugenzura isoko nini).
- Nyuma yurugero rwo hasi ugaragazwa nkuko ushaka kubibona, komeza uhindure urwego rwo guhagarika. Gukora ibi, kanda cyangwa wamanuwe isoko nto. Indabyo kuri nayo ntabwo zigoreka cyane - guhindura hasi mubisanzwe birahagije.
- Ongera uhindure sisitemu urebe ibisubizo. Niba ibintu byose bihuye, birahagarara.
Ni iki kindi ukeneye kumenya kubijyanye no guhindura umuvuduko wamazi? Ibyo ntabwo biri mubikorwa byose hari amahirwe yo guhindura delta, kuburyo ureba witonze mugihe ugura. Hano hari igitutu cyo guhindura igitutu cyoroshye mubushuhe no kurindwa umukungugu. Bashobora gushyirwa mu rwobo, moderi zimwe zishobora gushyirwaho ku mazu ya pompe, niba hari ibisohoka.
Mukibazo cyamazi kivuga ko haracyari ibintu bidafite akamaro (byumye), muri rusange iki gikoresho kiri murubanza rutandukanye, ariko nanone hari hamwe. Umutekano ukenewe kugirango udasanzwe ukenewe kugirango pompe itavunika niba gitunguranye amazi mu iriba cyangwa ntazamera. Pompe zimwe zubatse-kurinda ubwoko, kubandi kugura no gushiraho umuryango ukwayo.