Ukusebenza kwendlu yale mihla kunye nezixhobo zekhompyuter ngaphandle kokuphanziswa kukwahlukaniswa nokusilela kwayo. Kwinxalenye ebalulekileyo yelizwe lethu, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni, inkqubo yothungelwano lwamandla lwesampulu yakudala. Kubo, ubukho bokukhusela umhlaba awukabonelelwanga okanye bakwimeko enjalo engafezekisi iimfuno zoKhuseleko loNcedo. Ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukubamba abanini bendawo yokufumana indlu yabucala okanye ukupha.
Yintoni enikayo
Umhlaba okhuselayo uyimfuneko ukubonelela ngokhuseleko lombane kwiNdlu. Ngokuchanekileyo uqhubeke, imbonakalo yokuvuza okwangoku, ikhokelela kwimpendulo ye-RCD (umonakalo wokufakelwa kombane okanye xa ichukunyisiwe kwinxalenye yangoku). Lowo ngowona msebenzi uphambili wale nkqubo.
Umsebenzi womhlaba wesibini kukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesiqhelo kwezixhobo zombane. Kwizixhobo zombane, ubukho bendlela yokukhusela kwi-Outlet (ukuba ikhona) akwanele. Kuya kufuneka uqhagamshele kwibhasi yokuphakamisa ngokuthe ngqo. Kule, kukho i-clamplis ekhethekileyo kwizindlu. Ukuba sithetha ngezixhobo zekhaya, le yi-microwave, i-oveni kunye nomatshini wokuhlamba.
Owona msebenzi ophambili womhlaba kukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lombane kwindlu rhoqo
Bambalwa abantu ababaziyo, kodwa i-microwave engakhange iguqule uqhagamshelo kwi "Mhlaba" ngexesha lokusebenza zinokuba yinkxaso-mali enkulu, ukufumana inqanaba lemitha elinokusongelwa ubomi. Kwezinye iimodeli kudonga lwasemva, ungabona i-terminal ekhethekileyo, nangona inye kuphela ibinzana eliqhelekileyo kwimfundiso: "Ukuphakama kuyafuneka" ngaphandle kokucacisa ukuba kuya kufuneka kwenziwe njani.
Xa uchukunyiswe ngezandla ezimanzi ukuya kumatshini wokuhlamba, kusoloko kupeyinta. Ayisiyongozi, kodwa ayithandeki. Ungasusa "umhlaba" ngqo kwizindlu. Kwimeko ye-oveni, imeko iyafana. Nokuba ayisiyo "pumple", unxibelelwano ngqo lukhuselekile, kuba i-wiring ngaphakathi kufakelwa ngaphakathi kufakelwa kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu.
Ngeekhompyuter, imeko inomdla ngakumbi. Ngokudibanisa ngokuthe ngqo "Umhlaba" ucingo kwityala, ungaphakamisa isantya se-Intanethi kwaye unciphise inani "le-freezees". Oku kulula kakhulu ngenxa yobukho bonxibelelwano ngokuthe ngqo neTire.
Ngaba kufuneka ndibeke umhlaba elizweni okanye kwindlu yomthi
Kwiilali zelizwe ukwenza umhlaba kufuneka ube yimfuneko. Ngakumbi ukuba indlu yakhiwe ngezinto zepetroli - zokhuni okanye i-skeleton. Ityala kwiindudumo. Zininzi kakhulu izinto ezitsala imibane. La ngamaqula, amaqula, imibhobho elele kumphezulu okanye ingcwatywe ngobunzulu obuncinci. Zonke ezi zinto zitsala imibane.
Kwii-cottages, ukubakho kombane
Ukuba akukho ndawo igadiweyo kunye nokuphakama, ukubetha kombane phantse ilingana nomlilo. Akukho sitishi somlilo okufuphi, ngoko umlilo uya kusasazeka ngokukhawuleza. Ke ngoko, kwisibini esinesibini, usenza umqhubi wesiqhusho-kwanezinto ezibini zeentonga zobude bemitha eziqhotyoshelwe kwisikelo kwaye ziqhagamshelwe ngentambo yentsimbi ngomhlaba.
Ukuseka iinkqubo zendlu yabucala
Zonke iinkqubo zithandathu, kodwa kwizakhiwo ezibini zisetyenziswa ikakhulu, zimbini kuphela: i-tn-s-c kunye ne-tt. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, inkqubo ye-TN-S-S-S-D-C iyacetyiswa. Kweli sikimu, abangathathi cala kwimihlaba esizithulu, kwaye izixhobo zinxibelelana ngokuthe ngqo nomhlaba. Kumthengi, umhlaba (i-PE) kunye nokungathathi cala / zero (n) kuqhutywa ngumqhubi wesifundo (ipeni), kwaye ekungeneni kwendlu ngokwahlulahlulwe yayahlula kabini.
Inqaku lesihloko: Umnini weLayinde - Ungazilungisa njani ezi zixhobo
Inkqubo ye-sub-s-c
Ngenkqubo enjalo, ukukhusela okwaneleyo kubonelelwa ngu-Automata (i-RCO ayimfuneko). Ukungancedisi-xa ukhumbulisa okanye ukonakalisa, ipeni kwindawo phakathi kwendlu kunye nokufakwa kwendlu kuyabonakala kwi-voltage yesigaba, engacinywanga. Ke ngoko, i-Puu yenza iimfuno ezingqongqo kumgca onjalo: Kufuneka kubekho ukhuseleko olunyanzelekileyo lwe-wire, kunye nokugcinwa kwe-windows kwikholamu kwikholamu emva kwe-200 m okanye i-100 m okanye i-100 m okanye i-100 m okanye i-100 m okanye i-100 m okanye 100 m.
Nangona kunjalo, imigca emininzi yamandla kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni ayiyi kwanelisi ezi meko. Kule meko, kucetyiswa inkqubo ye-TT. Kwakhona, eli skimu kufuneka lisetyenziswe kwizandiso zangaphandle ezivulekileyo zomhlaba. Banomngcipheko wokuchukumisa kwangaxeshanye ukuphakamisa kunye nomhlaba, olunokuba yingozi kwinkqubo ye-TN-S-CN C.
Inkqubo yokuseka inkqubo yendlu yabucala ye-tt
Umahluko kukuba "umhlaba" wowire kwikhaka ivela kwi-loop yomntu ngamnye, hayi kwi-transmer sabethe, njengakwisikimu sangaphambili. Inkqubo enjalo ayichasanga ukonakalisa ucingo olukhuselayo, kodwa lufuna ufakelo lwe-RCDE. Ngaphandle kwazo, akukho kukhuselo kumoya wothusa. Ke ngoko, iPUE igqiba kuphela njengendawo yokugcina ukuba umgca okhoyo akaneliseki iimfuno zenkqubo ye-TN-C ye-TN.
Inkqubo yenkqubo ye-TT kumfanekiso oqondakalayo
Isixhobo somntu ngamnye
Imigca eminye yamandla amandulo ayinawo umhlaba wokukhusela. Zonke kufuneka zitshintshe, kodwa xa zenzeka- umbuzo uvulekile. Ukuba unetyala elinjalo, kufuneka wenze ulwahlulo olwahlukileyo. Iinketho zimbini - ukwenza indawo yabucala okanye kwilizwe ngokwakho, zenze ngokwakho okanye uweneleli. Iphulo Leenkonzo zeNdlela, kodwa kukho iNkulumbuso ebalulekileyo: Ukuba kukho iingxaki ezibangelwa kukusebenza okungachanekanga kwenkqubo yokufumana, ukubuyisela umonakalo kwiphulo, kufundwe ngemvumelwano). Kwimeko yokubulawa kwezimeleyo, yonke into ikuwe.
Isixhobo sokuphakama kwindlu yabucala
Inkqubo yokuphola kwendlu yabucala iyaquka:
- I-pins etyhidiweyo,
- Imigca yentsimbi edibanisa inkqubo enye;
- Imigca evela kwi-contour yomhlaba kwi-Boiler yombane.
Yintoni oyenzileyo
Ungasebenzisa intonga yensimbi nge-DEM ye-16 mm kunye nezinye izikhonkwane. Ngaphezu koko, akunakwenzeka ukuba kuthathwe ukuqiniswa: Umphezulu wayo yi-kalen, etshintsha ukuhanjiswa kwabangoku. Kwakhona, i-kaneylene mahala emhlabeni iyakhawuleza. Inketho yesibini yikona yensimbi ngeeshelufa ezingama-50 mm. Ezi zixhobo zilungile kuba zinokufumana amanqaku ngumlingisi. Ukwenza kube lula ukuyenza, isiphelo esinye siloliwe, owesibini sidlwengulwe iqonga elilula lokubetha.
Njengeentonga, ungasebenzisa imibhobho, ikona, i-rod yensimbi
Ngamanye amaxesha imibhobho yentsimbi isetyenziswa, umphetho omnye off (welded) ungene kwi-cone. Kwinxalenye engezantsi yazo (malunga nesiqingatha semitha ukusuka kumda) imingxunya iyadinwa. Xa womisa imihlaba, ukuhamba kokuvuza okwangoku kuyasoleka kakhulu, kwaye kwiintonga ezinje, isisombululo setyuwa sinokuthululwa, sibuyisele umsebenzi wokuphosa. I-thabatha yale ndlela-ivela kwintonga nganye ukuze imba / idrafill iqula-ukufaka amanqaku kwi-swinghamler yabo kumhlaba onqwenelekayo awusebenzi.
Ubunzulu beepinki eziFundiweyo
Izikhonkwane ze-pins-zandla kufuneka zingene emhlabeni phantsi kobunzulu bokubukela ubuncinci i-60-100 cm. Kwimimandla ehlotyeni ihlobo elinezikhonkwane, kunqweneleka ukuba ubuncinci bendawo ethe tyaba. Ke ngoko, zisetyenziswa ikakhulu okanye zityatyambile ubude be-2-3 m. Ezo zinto zibonelela ngendawo eyaneleyo yokunxibelelana nomhlaba, ukudala iimeko eziqhelekileyo zokusasazeka kwemijelo yokuvuselelwa kwemithi yokuvuselelwa kwemithi.Inqaku lesihloko: Iintyatyambo zokuhombisa: Iimbono zokutyala eziGrike kwigadi (kwi-44 iifoto)
Ndingenza ntoni
Umsebenzi womhlaba wokhuselo kukusasaza imijelo yokuvuza kwindawo enkulu. Oku kungenxa yoqhakamshelwano lokudibana kwe-molting yensimbi kunye nemitya-ngomhlaba. ke ngoko Izinto zomhlaba aziyi kupenda. Oku kunciphisa ukucuthwa phakathi kwentsimbi nomhlaba, ukhuseleko lungasebenzi. Ungathintela ukuvela kwiindawo ze-welding kunye ne-anti-corrosion coppositions kodwa hayipeyinti.
Inqaku lesibini elibalulekileyo: Ukuphakama kufuneka kube nokuchasana okuncinci, kwaye unxibelelwano oluhle lubaluleke kakhulu koku. Ibonelelwa nge-welding. Lonke unxibelelwano lubila, kwaye umgangatho womthungo kufuneka uphezulu, ngaphandle kobuqhetseba, iikopi kunye nezinye iziphene. Phinda uthathele ingqalelo: Ukuphakama kwindlu yabucala akunakwenziwa ngonxibelelwano oluqhelekileyo. Ixesha elingaphezulu, intsimbi i-oxidonce, itshatyalalisiwe, ukuxhathisa kuyanda, ukhuseleko luyayiphazamisa okanye alisebenzi kwaphela.
Sebenzisa kuphela uqhagamshelo lwe-welding
Akukho ngqiqweni ukusebenzisa imibhobho okanye ezinye izinto zensimbi emhlabeni njengokuhombisa. Okwethutyana, ukuqiqa okunjalo kwimisebenzi yabucala. Kodwa ngexesha lamalungu emibhobho ngenxa ye-Electrochemical Sormosion, evulekileyo yemvula, i-oxidod kwaye itshatyalalisiwe, umhlaba awusebenzi, kunye nombhobho. Kuba ezo ntlobo zenyama zingcono ukuba zingayisebenzisi.
Ungayenza njani
Okokuqala siya kujongana nefomu yefa. Eyona ithandwa kakhulu-ngonxantathu olingana nobuqhetseba, kwizikhonkwane zeziphina. Kusekho indawo enomgca (iziqwenga ezintathu ezifanayo, kuphela kumgca) kwaye ngohlobo lwephakheji-kwisekethe ivaliwe kwindlu enenqanaba le-1 (yezindlu ezinendawo engaphezulu kwe-100 iimitha ezisikwere. m). Izikhonkwane ziqhagamshelwe kwimitya yentsimbi-iMetropolitan.
Eyona modeli idumileyo
Inkqubo
Ukusuka kumda welali yeNdlu ukuya kwindawo yokufaka, iPIN kufuneka okungenani ibe ziimitha eziyi-1.5. Kwicandelo elikhethiweyo, umsele umba ngendlela ye-onialeral taples enamacala ama-3 m. Ububanzi be-70 cm, ububanzi - 50-60 cm-ukuyenza ibe lula ukupheka. Enye yezi verices, njengommiselo, osondele kwiNdlu, enxulumana nendlu yomsele enobunzulu obuyi-50 cm.
Gamba umsele
I-vertices ye-triangle ivaliwe nge-pins (i-rod ejikeleze okanye kwikona ye-3 m ubude). Ngaphezulu ezantsi kwezantsi, bashiya malunga ne-10 cm. Nceda uqaphele umnyango womhlaba ukuya kumphezulu womhlaba. Kungaphantsi kwenqanaba lomhlaba nge-50-60 cm.
Unxibelelwano lwensimbi lwenziwe kwi-wading ye-roting ye-rods / iikona - i-40 * 4 mm. Umdaniso odaliweyo oneNdlu udityaniswe nomtya wesinyithi (40) okanye i-4 mm) okanye umqhubi ojikeleze (icandelo le-10-16 mm2). Umtya kunye nonxantathu owenziwe ngesinyithi kukukwanjalo. Xa yonke into ilungele yonke into, iindawo ze-welding zicociwe i-Slag, idityaniswe kunye ne-anti-corrosion fopostion (hayi ipeyinti).
Umtya we-weldid
Emva kokujonga ukunganyangeki komhlaba (ngokubanzi, akufuneki ukuba ungadluli kwi-4 ohms), imithi ilele umhlaba. Emhlabeni makungabikho amatye amakhulu okanye inkunkuma yokwakha, umhlaba uya koyika umhlaba.
Ekungeneni kwendlu ukuya kwibhendi yentsimbi, i-bolt ifuduswa apho i-Sopern ifakwe khona yedwa (ngokwesiko umbala otyheli otyheli) wecandelo le-4 mM2 .
Inqaku lesihloko: Isixhobo sesixhobo esivela kwi-poty eqhelekileyo: indlela yokunika i-Inter Insolity yemvelaphi
Indawo yokuphuma eludongeni lwendlu nge-weldid ekupheleni kwe-bolt
Kwi-Boiler yombane, umhlaba uqhagamshelwe kwiTire ekhethekileyo. Ngapha koko, kuphela kwiqonga elikhethekileyo, kuvavanywa ukuba likhanye kwaye litshitshiswe igrisi. Ukusuka kweli tiya "umhlaba" uxhuma kumgca ngamnye, oqhawule umtshato ekhaya. Ngapha koko, ubume bomhlaba "ngumqhubi owahlukileyo kwiPue akasamkelekanga - kuphela njengenxalenye yentambo eqhelekileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba i-wiring yakho ichithwe ngamagumbi amabini egumbi, kuya kufuneka uguqulwe ngokupheleleyo.
Kutheni ungazenzi
Ukuphinda usebenze i-wiring kuyo yonke indlu, ewe, ixesha elide kwaye libize, kodwa ukuba ufuna ukusebenza ngezinto zombane kunye nezixhobo zasekhaya ngaphandle kweengxaki, kufuneka. Ukungqubana okwahlukileyo kwezi ziseko akulunganga kwaye kuyingozi. Yiyo loo nto. Ubukho bezixhobo ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu ezinjalo kungekudala okanye kamva zikhokelela kwizinto ezifakiweyo kwezi ziseko. Into kukuba ukuxhathisa kweengqungquthela kuxhomekeke kwimeko yomhlaba kwindawo ethile. Kwezinye iimeko phakathi kwezixhobo ezibini zokuphatha izinto, umahluko wenzeka, okhokelela ekuqhekezweni kwezixhobo okanye ngombane.Inkqubo ye-MODRRAULA
Zonke izixhobo ezichazwe ngaphambili zivela kwiikona ezivaliweyo, imibhobho kunye nezidima-zibizwa ngokuba sesintu. Ukungaqiniseki kwabo ngumthamo omkhulu womhlaba kunye nendawo enkulu, efunekayo xa kufuneka isixhobo sokwenza izinto. Konke kuba kubalulekile ukuba ube nommandla othile wezikhonkwane ngomhlaba, owanele ukuqinisekisa "ukusasazeka" okuqhelekileyo "okwangoku. Ubunzima bunokubangela imfuno ye-welding-akunakwenzeka ukuba uqhagamshele kwizinto ezibonakalayo ngenye indlela. Kodwa dibanisa le nkqubo - iindleko ezincinci. Ukuba wenza umhlaba wesiko kwiNdlu yabucala ngezandla zakho, iya kubiza ubuninzi beedola ezili-100. Ingaba ukuthenga yonke intsimbi kwaye hlawulela i-welding, kwaye wonke umsebenzi uchithe wena
Iseti yenkqubo yemodyuli yemodyuli
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Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, izikhonkwane zemodyuli (i-pine) yavela. Le yiseti yezikhonkwane, ezivalwa kubunzulu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-40 m. Oko kukuthi, kuvela imbandezelo ende, eya enzonzobileni. Iziqwenga zePIN ziqhagamshelwe omnye komnye zisebenzisa i-clamps ekhethekileyo engazilungisi kuphela, kodwa ikwabonelela ngoqhagamshelo olusemgangathweni lombane.
Kananjalo, umhlaba wokungorhafi yindawo encinci kunye nomthamo omncinci womsebenzi ofunekayo. Umngxunya omncinci uyafuneka necala le-60 * 60 cm kunye nobunzulu obuyi-70 cm, umngxunya odibanisa umhlaba nendlu. Izikhonkwane zide kwaye zincinci, zamanqaku kwi-primer efanelekileyo. Apha kwaye weza ephambili: Ubunzulu bukhulu, kwaye ukuba kuya kufuneka uhlangane, umzekelo, ilitye, kuya kufuneka uqale kuqala. Kwaye ususe iintonga yingxaki. Abadilikanga, kwaye bangamelana okanye hayi i-clamp-umbuzo.
I-thabatha yesibini lixabiso eliphezulu. Kunye nofakelo luya kukuhlawula ukuba uphosekile kwi- $ 300-500. Ukufakelwa okuzimeleyo kuyanengxaki, kuba oko akuyi kusebenzela iintonga zokufumana amanqaku. Funa isixhobo esikhethekileyo se-pneumatic esifunde ukutshintsha i-pictorator ngemo yothusa. Kuyimfuneko ukuvavanya ukuxhathisa emva kwentonga nganye. Kodwa ukuba awufuni kunxibelelana ne-welding nomhlaba, umngcipheko wePing iPing yindlela elungileyo.