Ezindlini zezwe, amaDachas avame ukuhlela phansi kokhonkolo emhlabathini. Zenziwa emafulethini okuqala ezakhiwo ngesisekelo seRibbon. Izitezi ezinjalo zinezinzuzo eziningi: Ukuqaliswa kwazo akubizi kakhulu, banomklamo olula, ngakho-ke, kulula ukukhiqiza, ukuqina, okuthembekile.
Ukubeka ucansi ukhonkolo emhlabathini akudingi iziqu ezikhethekile futhi kungenziwa ngokuzimela, ukubheka ubuchwepheshe obukhethiwe, obuzokwehlisa kakhulu isabelomali.
Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokuhlelela phansi okunjalo, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi umhlabathi omile, owomile, amanzi enhlabathi avela okungenani ama-4-5 m.
Phansi ngokhonkolo emhlabathini kungenziwa ngokuzimela ngaphandle kokuba nolwazi olukhethekile lwebhizinisi lokwakha. Kodwa-ke, kuyadingeka ukuhambisana nobuchwepheshe obuqinile.
Ukulungiselela ukutholwa phansi
Umdwebo wephansi kusuka kukhonkolo emhlabathini.
Izinto zokwakha namathuluzi
- usimende, isihlabathi, amatshe amatshe noma itshe elichotshoziwe;
- ukufakwa kwamanzi okungavunyelwe kanye nokufakwa okushisayo;
- I-armature;
- Scotch;
- izibani;
- I-Concrete Mixer;
- I-Vibratititis;
- umthetho;
- Izinga;
- amafosholo;
- UJackhammer.
Inqubo yonke ye-concreting ifaka izinyathelo eziningana:
- ukwenza uphawu oluphansi;
- Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi;
- Ukubeka imicamelo ye-sand-gravel;
- Ukubeka ungqimba olungenamanzi kanye nokwehlukaniswa okushisayo;
- ukuqiniswa;
- Ukufakwa kwemihlahlandlela;
- enza amafomu;
- gcwalisa;
- Floor screen.
I-concretion yenziwa kusetshenziswa usimende, isihlabathi kanye nemfucumfucu. Ukubala inani elidingekayo lezinto zokwakha, udinga ukwandisa indawo yegumbi ebunzimeni besendlalelo ngasinye sesakhiwo. Isixazululo silungisiwe, sibheka lokhu okulandelayo: 1 - usimende, 2-sweep, 3 - imfucumfucu.
Uma usebenzisa ingxube ethengiwe, bese ngengxenye engu-1 yesimende Kuyadingeka ukuthatha izingxenye ezi-6 ze-Rubble ye-20-millimeter ngesihlabathi. I-screed yenziwa ngenhlonipho ngesilinganiso: izingxenye ezi-3 zesihlabathi kanye no-1 - usimende.
Ukulungiselela umthamo omkhulu kakhonkolo Kulula ukusebenzisa i-concrete mixer. Okokuqala, gcwalisa i-mixer kwezintathu kwezintathu kwizithako, ngaphandle kokungeza amanzi, ubheka ubudlelwano obudingekayo. Izithako zixubene kahle, khona-ke amanzi angezwa ngaphambi kokwakheka kokuvumelana kokuzenzisa. Ngokuzayo, ingxube kufanele ilungiswe ngokuthela amanzi kuqala. Ngemuva kokukhombanisa, iyunithi kumele lihlanjululwe kahle.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Ungayenza kanjani ikhreyithi ku-loggia kanye ne-balcony
Ukugcwalisa phansi: Izigaba eziphambili
Umjikelezo wephansi emhlabathini onokufakelwa.Ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi, qasha igumbi emikhakheni yobubanzi obuyi-1 m. Iphansi lifiseleka ukuqala ngengxenye ekude emnyango. Ngokhonkolo efanele, ukunakekelwa akudingekile. Uma i-screede yakudala iqhekeka noma idinga ukuqhutshwa kokubekwa okusha ngaphezulu kwe-Old, ephukile ingaphezulu lephukile nge-jackhammer.
Isinyathelo sokuqala ekwenziweni kwesitezi sikakhonkolo ukusebenza koMarkuup, ukunqunywa kwezinga le-zero ezansi komnyango, olwaluphawulwa yi-perimeter yegumbi. Ngaphambi kokuba lomugqa uzodinga ukuthulula ukhonkolo. Ukuzulazula ngokukhululeka, amaphuzu wezipikili emakhoneni bese udonsa intambo. Okulandelayo, udinga ukulungiselela futhi ukhiphe inhlabathi. Ukususa wonke udoti, susa ungqimba oluphezulu lomhlaba.
Njengoba ukwakheka kwesitezi kubukeka njengekhekhe le-puff ngobukhulu obungu-30- 35 cm, inhlabathi iyasuswa kuze kube ukuphakama okuphezulu kweleveli kulingana nobukhulu bekhekhe. Yenza i-thumbtail ngepulasitiki yokudlidliza. Uma kungenjalo, thatha ilogi, yenza isibambo ngaphezulu, futhi ezansi - ibhodi. Kuyadingeka ukufezekisa ngokuphelele nesisekelo esinamandla.
Ukuze uthuthukise izakhiwo ezivimba amanzi, beka ubumba, bese unesihlabathi. Bopha ubumba ngamanzi futhi kuhlangene kahle, ngeke inikeze amanzi omhlabathi azungezile. Ngemuva kokukhipha le misebenzi, kuyadingeka ukubeka amatshe ngosayizi onobukhulu obungu-5-10 cm. Slayisha futhi compact. Ngemuva kwalokho faka isihlabathi ngobukhulu be-10 cm. Beka itshe elichotshoziwe lengxenyana engama-40-50 mm. Ukubopha ungqimba oluholele, faka isihlabathi esincane futhi uhlakaze. Zonke izingqimba zomklamo zidinga ukuhoxisa indawo. Ngakho-ke, esigabeni ngasinye, kusetshenziswa izinga.
Ukuvimbela amanzi nokushisa kokushisa
Ukuze kufakwe ngaphansi kwamanzi, i-polyethylene isetshenziswa ngobukhulu be-200 MD. Lapho ubeka umphetho, umphumela uphansi ngaphezulu kweleveli ye-zero. Amashidi wefilimu ahlanganiswe, amalunga amalunga anamathele es scotch.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Izinhlobo zeRubber Flooring
Umdwebo wekhonkolo wekhonkrithi wenhlabathi ngokufakwa kwe-ceramisite.
Njengokufakwa kwe-thermal, izinto ezifana ne-polystyrere Foam, ama-cumples, ama-basalt kanye noboya bezimbiwabane kanti abanye bangasetshenziswa.
Emva kwalokho, qhubeka nokuqinisa. Kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ipulasitiki noma yensimbi, ukuqiniswa. Uhlaka kufanele lube khona ubude obungu-2-3 cm lapho kukhona amathuluzi namakhono ongenza uhlaka lwe-welding.
Ochwepheshe banconyelwa ukwenza imihlahlandlela yezitayela evame ukwenziwa ebhodini noma kwibha. Igumbi kufanele lihlukaniswe izingxenye ezibushelelezi, ububanzi bawo bungaba inani elingu-2 m. Sicela wazi ukuthi ukuphakama kwemihlahlandlela kufanele kuhambisane neleveli yero. Izingxenye zokuqala zihlelwe ngengxube yesimende se-sandy ngokungezwa kobumba. Phakathi kwabaqondisi benza amafomu. Uhlobo lwe- "Cards" lwakhiwa, olube seluthululelwa ngokhonkolo, lwenza kube lula kakhulu ukugcwalisa phansi. Idizayini yenza kaningi kusuka ku-Plywood engangeni manzi. Ekwenziweni kwamafomuthi wefomu kanye nokufaka izinkombandlela, ungakhohlwa ukuhlola okuvumayo usebenzisa izinga ukufezekisa ukugcwaliswa okubushelelezi phansi. Ungadonsa kalula imihlahlandlela kanye nefomu kusuka kukhonkolo uma ubaphatha ngamafutha.
Ukugcwalisa Isigxobo
Ukugcwalisa phansi kwenziwa ngezindlela ezi-1 noma ezi-2. Ngakho-ke kuvela ukwakheka okuthembekile kwe-monolithic.
Ukulungiselela le ngxube, hlanganisa izingxenye ngalezi zingxenye ezilandelayo: 1 ingxenye kasimende m 400-500, 2 - isihlabathi, 4 - izingxenye zamanzi. Phansi kokhonkolo. Udinga ukuqala ekhoneni okukude emnyango. Bay a abashadikazi "amakhadi", i-shovel isabalalisa le ngxube. Ukuthola ukushwabana okuminyene, sebenzisa i-vibrator. Kuzosiza futhi ukususa ama-bubble ale moya.
Lapho wenza ukuqondanisa okusalungiswa, umthetho wamamitha ayi-2 ufaka imihlahlandlela futhi uhehe ngokwawo. Ngakho-ke ukhonkolo ongeziwe uyasuswa futhi amakhadi "angenalutho agcwalisiwe. Ezindaweni lapho kuthathwe khona i-screen, amafomu kanye nezinkomba ziyasuswa. Isikhala esingenalutho sithululelwa ukhonkolo. Uma ngendlela efanayo, uvumelanisa yonke indawo yegumbi, umboze phansi ngefilimu yepulasitiki bese ushiya amasonto ama-3-4. Idizayini kumele ilukhuni. Ngalesi sikhathi, phansi kufanele kumanzi ngezikhathi ezithile.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Iphephadonga elizinamathela: ukunamathela ezindongeni kanye nefenisha, ukunamathela kwefilimu ekhishini, isithombe, ukuthi ungakususa kanjani odongeni
Isinyathelo sokugcina sokugcina siyisihluthulelo sengxube esezingeni eliphakeme. Lokhu kuzosiza ukususa okungahambi kahle okuncane, kwakha indawo ebushelelezi ngokuphelele. Kufanele futhi wenze umsebenzi osuka ekhoneni elikude ukusuka emnyango wekamelo. Ingxube isetshenziswa ngumthetho futhi yelula wonke umhlaba. Yiyeke izinsuku ezintathu.
Isigaba sokugcina sizoba ukufakwa kwenhlanganisela yangaphandle. Ngokwenziwa okufanele, indawo ekhonkolo ayizukusebenza hhayi eminyakeni eyishumi, isimo esiyisisekelo ukugcinwa kwenqubo yokugcwalisa ukhonkolo.