Don sanin matakin tsabtace kayan dumama don aiki, ya zama dole don gudanar da aikin gwaji na musamman. A saboda wannan dalili, matsin yana ƙaruwa a cikin bututu, bayan da irin wannan fili ana aiwatar da shi don cikakkiyar rashi.
Akwai nau'ikan dumama da yawa: gwaje-gwajen hydraulic, gwajin na fure, gwajin matsa lamba.
Ka yi la'akari da yadda gwajin tsarin dumama yake, wace matakai a lokaci guda an cika shi.
Gwajin Hydraulic
Tebur na matsin lamba na tankuna dumama.
Gwajin Hydraulic don bututu mai dumama tsari tsari ne na kayan aiki zuwa lokacin zafi. A lokaci guda, bututun suna cike da ruwa daga ƙasa sama, wannan shine, ta hanyar abin da ake kira bututun mai. Liquid matsakaici da iska yana motsawa a cikin shugabanci guda, duk iska daga tsarin mai dumama an cire shi gaba ɗaya. Gwaji yana farawa ne kawai lokacin da duk iska ta tafi don samun damar samun bayanai daga ma'aunin matsin lamba. Idan ba ku jira ba, lokacin da talakawa ta bar bututun, gwaje-gwajen za su zama karya.
Binciken dumama don haka yana biye da tsarin buɗewa, tunda idan akwai leaks a cikin rufaffiyar (a cikin bango), tsarin ya sami wuraren ajiya mai wuya, kuma galibi ba shi yiwuwa. Don yin aikin tabbatarwa, ya kamata ka shirya irin wannan kayan aiki:
- Musamman na musamman na yi don yin allura zuwa cikin tsarin dumama na rafi na aiki na aiki;
- aiki mai zafi;
- Manometer, wanda ke nuna ko akwai karuwa ko raguwa a matsin lamba a cikin tsarin gaba ɗaya. Irin waɗannan bayanan zasu nuna fadada bututu, gaban leaks.
Gwajin pnumatic
Tsarin gwaji na pnumatic.
Ana gwada hanyar pnumatic idan lokacin yanayi na yanayi ya faɗi ƙasa 5 ° C. A wannan yanayin, matsin lamba a cikin bututun bai kamata a rage ƙasa da 10 KPA ba. Wannan hanyar cikakke ne ga tsarin bututun polymer, inda filayen haɗin filastik ya gudana.
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Sharuɗɗan riƙe gwajin tari na tsarin dumama shine:
- in babu ruwa a cikin girman da ake buƙata;
- A yanayi na yanayi a ƙasa da digiri biyar (wasu masana suna nuna - a ƙasa ba komai);
- Idan saboda dalilan fasaha da ba za ku iya amfani da ruwa mai aiki ba.
Da wuya aka yi amfani da shi. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa gano leaks da yadudduka da lalacewa suna da wahala fiye da gwajin hydraulic.
Gwajin matsin lamba
Tsarin Gwaji
Menene gwajin matsin lamba na matsin lamba? Wannan bincike ne na ƙarfi, wato, rashin yuwuwar leaks yayin aikin zafi mai tsayayya da lokacin zafi. Don tsari daban-daban, irin wannan tsari na iya bambanta a cikin trifles, amma tsarin gaba ɗaya don dubawa ya kasance iri ɗaya ne.
Ana aiwatar da gwajin lokacin da aka ƙaddamar da matsakaicin farko, mai nuna alama wanda shine kusan 1.5 sau sama da matakin aiki. Misali, idan aikin shine 1 ATM., Wannan shine, 0.1 MPa, matakin bincike ya kamata ya zama 1.5 ATM. Ga wasu ƙimar, matsin lamba akan lokacin gwaji an ayyana shi daidai, wato, dole ne a ɗora aiki ta sau 1.5.
Musamman ba da shawara cewa tsarin gaba ɗaya tare da ƙayyadadden ƙura a cikin bututu zai iya haɓakawa har zuwa 2.5 MPA ba tare da lalacewar kayan aiki ba.
Irin wannan aikin yana yiwuwa ne kawai idan duk abubuwan da tsarin dumama ba a saka su cikin bangon farfajiya ba, mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi yana gudana ne kawai don yanayin ci gaba na gidan.
Matsin matsin lamba a cikin bututu ta amfani da famfo na musamman yawanci littafin ne. A iska an cire shi daga cikin bututun, tun ma karamin gaban sa zai iya ba da sigina na talauci na bututu. Maimaita, dole ne a biya shi da ruwa da ruwa, aljihunan iska ba a yarda da su ba.
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Don shigarwa mai tara, shigar da bawulen iska. A waccan sashen bututu wanda matsa lamba yake da mafi girman ƙimar, ya zama dole don sanya ma'auni na musamman. Wannan yawanci shine mafi ƙasƙanci ma'ana don ginin shigarwa. Bayan haka, tsari ya kasu kashi biyu, la'akari da su dalla-dalla.
Abin da ya kamata ya zama gwajin dumama: Matakan gwaji
Gwajin tsarin dumama ya ƙunshi matakai 2 waɗanda ke ba da izinin matsakaicin bincika yanayin kayan aikin, shirye yake don aiki. Farkon mataki na tabbaci shine aiwatar da abin da ake kira tsari mai sanyi. A tsinkayen shi ya cika da ruwa, bayan haka tsawon mintuna 30 (a cikin tsaka-tsaki na minti na 10-15), ya zama dole don ƙara matsin lamba ga ƙimar matakin farko.
Bayan kowane minti 30, matsi bai kamata ya faɗi ƙasa da 0.06 MPa ba. Bayan mintuna 120 na gwaje-gwaje, bai kamata ya ragu fiye da 0.02 MPa ba. Bayan bincika ya ƙare, dole ne a hankali ku bincika matsayin duk haɗin don tabbatar da cikakken tabbatar da rashin yiwuwar leaks.
Na biyu na gwajin matsin lamba ana aiwatar da riga a cikin abin da ake kira zafi. A cikin farkon karar, ruwan yana sanyi, yanzu zafi, zazzabi ya kamata kusa da ma'aikacin. Gwajin ya fara da gaskiyar cewa tukunyar da ke canzawa zuwa dumama, wannan shine, tushen zafi. Zai iya zama kowane kayan aiki wanda ake amfani dashi azaman mai sanyaya wuri. Bayan haka, a cikin tsarin, duk sigogi ana saita su a matsakaicin matakin aiki, amma ya zama dole don saka idanu sosai cewa matsin lamba bai wuce waɗannan kyawawan dabi'u ba.
Kafin fara aiki akan tabbaci, ya kamata a yi gidan don kwanaki 3 - wannan shine ɗayan yanayin gwaji. Idan a lokacin cika ruwan ruwa mai zafi bai lura ba, to, za mu iya ɗauka cewa gwajin tsarin mai dumama ya ƙetare kyau.
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Cikakken Filastik
A lokacin da gwaji, ya zama dole don la'akari ko akwai sassan filastik. An yi bayani game da gaskiyar cewa fadada filastik yana da manyan alamu, yana nufin cewa ruwan zafin jiki ya zama na dindindin. Tare da canje-canje a cikin alamun zazzabi da rashin yarda da ƙarfi, matsin lamba a cikin tsarin dumama zai karu.
A lokacin da ya kamata a gwada kayan gwaji da matsi zuwa ƙimar da ta wuce ga nauyin kusan sau 1.5, bayan haka yana riƙe shi tsawon minti 30. Idan akwai tsawaita a cikin bututun, ya zama dole a dan rage matakin matsin lamba, bayan wanda ya zama dole a ci gaba da dubawa, lura da dabi'u na yau da kullun. Bayan minti 30, yana yiwuwa a rage darajar darajar zuwa matakin da aka tsara rabin daga wannan hanyar na wannan hanyar don 90 minti.
Idan an lura da karamin karuwa, ba ya ce wani fadada a cikin bututu, amma game da matsanancin tsarin duka. Ana ba da shawarar yawancin ƙwarewa yayin gudanar da bincike akai-akai rage da ƙara matakin matsin lamba don masana'anta (iyakance ta ƙimar ƙayyadaddun).
Ana bincika ingantaccen shigarwa ta hanyoyi da yawa, gami da karuwa / rage matsin lamba a cikin bututun. Lokacin aiwatar da irin waɗannan ayyukan, ya zama dole a bi umarnin a daidai yadda babu karya, rikice-rikice na ƙarfafawa. A lokaci guda, ya kamata a dauki wasu dalilai masu tasiri wanda ke da tasiri mai tasiri a cikin kwararar tsarin tabbatarwa, alal misali, kayan masana'antar kayan. Kawai tabbatar cewa komai yana cikin tsari mai cikakken tsari, zaku iya fara amfani ba tare da damuwa da leaks ba zato ba tsammani.