Chithunzi
Kodi Rafters ndi chiyani? Ichi ndi dongosolo la padendeyo lokhala ndi mitengo yolumikizira, ma racks okhazikika ndi nyemba. Chithunzi chodziwika bwino cha kapangidwe kake kamene kamayambitsa kukhazikika kwenikweni ndi makona atatu. Mwa mtundu, mapangidwe awa amagawidwa popachikidwa ndi ziwalo. Alinso ndi zabwino zonse komanso zovuta.
Chipangizo cha rafter system.
Zamakono komanso zopachika
Slot rafters.
Zinthu zomwe zidapangidwa zimakhazikitsidwa pamakoma a nyumbayo, ndipo gawo lapakatikati - mpaka kung'ambika kwa mpweya wapakati, zomwe, zimakhudza mapangidwe a nyumbayo ndi khoma la pakati, kapena ndilobwino kuchokera pazipilala zapakatikati, kapena ndizoyenera kuchokera pazipilalazo m'chipinda chambiri.
Zofananazo zofananira zimaloledwa kukhazikitsa m'nyumba zawo, pomwe zipinda za asodzi sizimachulukitsa m'lifupi mwake 6.5 m. Ndipo zowonjezera zowonjezera zidzatheka. Kuphatikiza kwa mtundu uwu ndikosavuta kumanga.
Zomangira.
Kupachika ndi zomangira.
Mapeto a Rafters amachokera pa Mauerlat - Chithandizo Chothandizira kuzungulira kuzungulira. Muudindowu, korona wapamwamba wa nyumbayo, wopangidwa ndi matabwa kapena mitengo. Itha kuchitidwa pamtunda wonse kapena kokha pansi pa khwangwala. Nyumba ikamangidwa ndi njerwa, ndiye kuti bar iyenera kubisika ndi njerwa. Pakati pa zojambula ziwiri zimayika kusanjikiza madzi, komwe lero ndi malo abwino.
Mapangidwe a zomangira zolendewera amayenera kupangidwira nyumba zopepuka, za "miyendo", kukakamizidwa, kumatha kuwononga "makhoma. Ma rafters pamenepa alowa kuchokera pansipa, kukweza kapangidwe ka chitsulo kapena matabwa. Ngati kupsinjika kuli pamwamba pa maziko, kuyenera kukhala kodalirika koposa.
Ngati oposa 8 m akuyenera kuchita, ndiye kuti ndi pinki yayika mu kapangidwe kake. Izi ndi mwayi wawo waukulu ndikutha kulimbana ndi mtunda waukulu wa mabens.
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Pofuna kusonkhanitsa malekezero apamwamba a kapangidwe kake, kuthamanga kwa syated kumapangidwa. Zimafunikira chida cha denga lililonse, lomwe limaphatikizapo njira yopendekera.
Kudziwa kuwerengetsa kwa katundu kwa ma rafters
Kuti muwerengere kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kukhazikitsa kwa zinthuzo ndikuyika kukhazikitsa padenga, kenako kukonza padenga, ambuye ayenera kupeza zinthu zambiri zosiyanitsa ntchito. Mmodzi yekhayo adzakhala kutsimikiza kwa kanthawi komanso katundu wokhazikika pamakina a solry.
Zikhalidwe zosakhalitsa:
Subspeccies ya mipata yokhala ndi sputum.
- kukonza padenga ndi kutuluka kwa anthu;
- Kukhazikitsa, kuyeretsa chipale chofewa, chikho, etc.;
- Nyengo: Kukhazikika, kusakhazikika kwa sefessic, mphepo.
Malo opumira amaphatikizira gawo la nyumbayo ndikupanga padenga lonse. Anyani kapena opanga omwe ali munyumbayi sadzaiwala kulingalira nyengo ya m'chigawochi, ndipo podalira iwo, adzasankha mtundu wa padenga ndipo motero, ntchito ya rafter. Izi zimakhala ndi matebulo apadera omwe "njira" ya njira yoyenera idzapezeke.
Kuwerengera kwa zinthu zokutira dongosolo la rafter
Gawo lofanana ndi mitengo yamatabwa pachilumba cha pachilumbacho iyenera kukhazikitsidwa pansi pamagawo otsatirawa:
- Maurolat - bar kuchokera pa 100 * 150 mm;
- Endov ndi diagonal - 100 * 200 mm;
- Mafuta owoneka bwino - 50 * 150 mm;
- Ma Rack, Rigel - kuyambira 100 * 200 mm;
- Mabatani ozungulira - 25 mm.
Mndandanda wazokwanira, zambiri zokutira zitha kupezeka m'mapasipoti a nyumba zomwe akufuna kuti apange padenga ndi kapangidwe kake.
Zochita zofunikira zomwe zimachitika musanakhazikitse dongosolo la RAFT Punts Phatikizani izi:
Katundu pa khwangwala.
- Kapangidwe konse kamakonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito makampani ogulitsa mankhwala kuchokera ku insition, nkhungu, bowa ndi tizilombo.
- Magawo mwachindunji kulumikizana ndi njerwa kapena mabatani omangika kuyenera kuchititsidwa chizolowezi kapena m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
- Othamanga onse amayenera kukonzedwa ndi nyimbo za anti-Corluon kapena zili kale pazinthu zogulira.
- Pakukhazikitsa ma rafters, kugwera ku chimner kapena mpweya wabwino, uyenera kudulizidwa kumapeto. Malo a zidutswa awa amayala nthambi za mtanda womwewo.
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Zida zofunika ndi zida
Izi ndi monga:- kwenikweni ndi matabwa omanga;
- nkhwangwa;
- adawona magetsi;
- ndege;
- chingwe kapena chingwe;
- nangula.
- Zodabwitsa, zakuthwa mbali zonse ziwiri;
- Zomangira kapena misomali. Tidzafunika kuti tithetse kuwombera. Kwa omanga thupi, sioyenera.
Mpukutu Wokwera: Malangizo
Makonzedwe a padenga amatha kupita ndi kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje ambiri, koma tanthauzo la njira ya rafter ndi imodzi - kukonza malekezerowo ndikuwombera.
Pambuyo pa kusamala zonse ndi zinthu zamatabwa, fufuzani denga la chitetezo chotetezedwa ku chinyezi. Ngati ndi kotheka, khwangwala wachiwiri wa wosanjikiza wachiwiri wa batation kapena wina wathanzi. Mwina Maueflat amanyengedwa ndi mastic mastic ndikumalumikizana ndi makoma kudzera m'mangu a chitsulo.
Machesi othamanga.
Mapeto a Runk Rick, yomwe, malinga ndi polojekiti ya padenga, iyenera kugawana ntchito yomanga dongosolo la rafter pakati. Pambuyo pake, pomwe padenga likhala lokonzeka, kuthamangira kudzakhala chizindikiro china kukhazikitsa skate.
Pambuyo pake, kuyika kwa ma rafster kuchokera m'mphepete kumayamba, ndiye kuti, kumapeto kwa nyumbayo. Izi zimachitika kuti muwone kufanana kwa nkhope za bar pogwiritsa ntchito chingwe chotambasuka. Izi zisachitike, titha kukambirana za kuphwanya ukadaulo wa kumanga makoma. Kukwera kumapeto kwa bar kumapangitsa mosamalitsa kwambiri kuti oyandikana ndi Mauerlat ndi Skate Skate anali wangwiro. Kuti mulimbikitse kudalirika kwa cholumikizira, mutha kusinthanso zothandiza za ziweto kapena ngodya.
Kenako, kuonetsetsa kuti mipango yofunika kwambiri ikwaniritse zofunika, ziwengo zapakati zimaphatikizidwa, komanso kusanthula kupezeka kwa zivundikiro.
Kupita ku Mauetot, kayendedwe ka rafter kumakopeka ndi waya kuchokera pa waya wokhala ndi gawo la 6 mm.
Gawo Sankhani Gawo la miyendo.
Amachitika molimba mtima, chifukwa palibe kusiyana ndi Mauerlat sikuloledwa. Manja amachitidwa ngodya kapena mbale.
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Gawo lokhazikitsa la rafter limatsimikiziridwa ndi kutalika kwa zinthu zamatabwa - kukula ndi nthawi yayitali bala, gawo lalikulu. Mwachitsanzo, kuti muchepetse 100 * 250 mm, mtunda wa 2150 mm kuchokera koyandikana ndi wina.
Kumata ndi kukakamiza komwe kumapangitsa kuti kapangidwe kake ndi kosatheka, kotero kuwonjezera pa chingwe chomwe muyenera kuwombera. Imachitika ndi zinthu zomwezi, pansipa kapena pa skate. Pali chodalirika koposacho, mwayi wocheperako woti uchoke. Zikhala zosasangalatsa pamene nyumbayo idzakhala kale yogona. Mwa njira, kuwoloka kwamphamvu, zopangidwa ndi ma balts, zopangidwa ndi ma balts, zimatha kukhala zowonjezera zowonjezera za chipinda cha chipinda champhamvu.
Mitundu ya ma systems.
Komanso, ukadaulo wa kukhazikitsa khwangwala dongosolo umaphatikizapo nkhondo yopingasa - yozungulira bar mosamalitsa ku Mauerlat. Izi zimagwira ntchito pakudya padenga - chipale chofewa, komanso ndi zinthu zomwe sizinatumize maziko, i.e. Mtundu wadzidzidzi.
Njira yokwezera dongosolo la rafter imatha kuthamangitsidwa ngati minda iyenera kuchitika pasadakhale padenga. Koma okhawo omwe akuchita ntchito yomanga madenga si nthawi yoyamba yomwe ingakwanitse.
Rafters: Mwachidule
Sikoyenera kufulumira kuti mupange dongosolo la zomangira ndi manja anga - zonse ziyenera kutembenuka mosamala, chifukwa padenga ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri mnyumbamo. Tikufuna ntchito yambiri pa kuwerengera ndi njira zogwirizana ndi zomwe zamiyala. Ngati zingachitike pamenepa, simuyenera kudikirira kuti zikhale nyumba yanu.
Ndipo kuchokera ku zosintha ngati kuyika kosakwanira kwa padenga ndipo kumatha kupita konse. Ndipo mu zenizeni, komanso mophiphiritsa. Chifukwa chake, ngati mbuyeyu amatha kupanga Gazebo, izi sizitanthauza kuti kumanga kasupe kudzakhala phewa lake, koma osati milungu yamiphika yotentha - ndikoyenera kuyesa.
