Ukwenzela ukuxhaphaka kophahla ukuze luthembeke, ubukho benkqubo yomoya oqinileyo kakhulu, olu luhlu oluxhasayo eluphahleni. Ukuqiniswa kweendlela zezinto ezithile zichaphazela zombini ukhuseleko lophahla kunye neempawu zalo. Eyona nto iphambili eluphahleni oqinileyo yintaba echanekileyo ye-MauERT. Ukuba wenze impazamo xa usenza inkqubo yeRAFT, ke kule meko yonke into inokukhokelela ekutshatyalalisweni kwendlu yendlu. Kungenxa yoko le nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imigaqo kunye neemfuno ze-SNP, elawula ulungiselelo lophahla.
Iindawo ezikhulayo zenkqubo yenkqubo yeRAFT.
Yintoni uMaueert
IMaueert sisiseko esibizwa ngokuba sakhiwe eluphahleni. Konke ngenxa yokuba ivumela kuphela ukuba ingabinakho ukulungisa ububanzi, kodwa nokuhambisa ubunzima bolo lonke uhlobo lwesakhiwo. Ukuncamathisela komqolo kunokwenziwa ngoncedo lweendlela ezahlukeneyo, kodwa kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuba kukho i-skew ye-skew yendawo ebekiweyo.
Iindidi zohlobo olungqongqo kwiMauerlat.
I-Marylalat inyuka ngokuthe ngqo phantsi kwemali. Oku kusebenzisa iplanga okanye ikhabhathi yelogi. Ke, iirafti ukuya kwi-mauerlat zivumela ukuba zisasaze ngokulinganayo umthwalo encotsheni yeNdlu yeNdlu. Iyonke, ukunamathiselwa kwenziwe kwi-maleert yenza imisebenzi emi-2 ephambili: imelana nemithwalo yexeshana kunye nokuhlala ehlala. Ixabiso lethutyana libandakanya i-piismic phenomena, kwaye isebenze rhoqo ngobunzima bokwakhiwa kophahla kwinkxaso.
Ukulungiselela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-Rafters ephezulu, kuyimfuneko ukufumana iindawo ezikumgangatho ophezulu kakhulu. Yonke imabula kufuneka icace gca kwaye ilele ngokuqinileyo omnye komnye. Ukongeza, akunakwenzeka ukuba usebenzise amanye amanani kunye nelayini. Konke oku kuyaphula indibano enamathiselwe kwiMauerlate. Iinkcukacha ezinjalo zinokutshitshiswa kwaye ziphule ngaphandle koyilo liphela ngenxa yemithwalo emikhulu. Zonke ii-rafters ezikhulayo kwi-Mauert zenziwa ngokukodwa zisebenzisa iipleyiti zentsimbi, iibakaki, izikhonkwane kunye neebhotile. Kwiibhotile kunye namandongomane, ubukho bezikhesha ziyafuneka. Izinto ezinjalo ziya kuvumela amantongomane angakugawulwe kwiinkuni zeerawters kunye neMauerlat.
Inqaku lesihloko: Yintoni onokuyikhetha igumbi lokulala i-vinyl
Imigaqo yeplanga
Umzobo oKigayor Maurolalat eludongeni lweebhloko.
Kukho imithetho embalwa kuphela esiyisiseko, ebaluleke kakhulu yokuqhwalela iidrafti ezibolekayo kwiMauert, engahambelani noko kunokukhokelela kwintshabalalo okanye iskew yophahla. Nantsi eyona nto iphambili kubo:
- Zonke iirafti kufuneka ziqhotyoshelwe kuphela kwiikona zensimbi okanye iipleyiti. Uninzi lwabantu alutyeshele le ngcebiso, ngelixa ukusilela kwayo kukhokelela kwinto yokuba zonke iziniki-machiza ziqala ukungena kuzo zonke izinto ezinzulu kwaye zinzulu kwisakhiwo somthi. Kungenxa yoko kufuneka ulungiselele iipleyiti kwangaphambili.
- Ngokufakelwa ufakelo lwebha, ke kungcono ukusebenzisa i-rafting ekhethekileyo kunye ne-bolts endaweni yokuzikhethela kunye nezikhonkwane.
- Phambi kwe-rafters ethe ngqo kwiMauert, kuyimfuneko ukuba bathule izihlalo ezikhethekileyo, eziya kuqhubeka nokubonelela nge-munking kwizinto ezixineneyo zephumi omnye komnye.
- Ukwenzela igama elifanayo, faka iitemplate. Kwimeko apho i-angle yethambeka yahlukile, emva koko iitemplate kufuneka ngokwahlukeneyo zenze ngokwahlukileyo kwisiketi ngasinye. Ngokomndilili, ubunzulu kufuneka bufanele ukuba bube ngu-¼ ububanzi bokunyawo. Ukuba awunazo iitemplates ezikhoyo, kuya kufuneka usebenze rhoqo kwaye uqiniseke ukuba ukuchaneka kokuthenga okwenziweyo.
- Xa ufaka, kufuneka usebenzise abakhweli abaphezulu kakhulu. Akunakwenzeka ukuba ugcine ngezixhobo, kuba kamva iya kukhokelela kwinto yokuba uyilo lophahla aluyi kuhlala luhleli. Ukudubula kwe-rafter kufuneka kwenziwe ngononophelo, ngaphandle kokungxama, ukuze ungasebenzisi ukufaka kunye nezinye izinto ezongezelelweyo.
- Ukuba indlu yehuni yakhiwe, i-stenky isetyenziswa. Itekhnoloji yokufakelwa iyimfuneko kunxibelelwano kunye ne-maeerit kunye necala lecala. Ukudala izilongikazi ezityibilikayo, isalathi esikhethekileyo "esisetyenzisiweyo. Kule meko, ukusebenzisa kwabo kunyanzelekile.
Bonke abantu abazimiseleyo kufuneka baqiniseke kakhulu ukuze bakwazi ukumelana nemithwalo yomoya onamandla. Ngaphandle koko, inkanyamba iya kuba nakho ukukrazula uphahla.
Inqaku ngesihloko: Linjani i-seabawa esecaleni?
Iindlela zeplanga elikhawulezayo
Inkqubo yokunyusa i-SCKIDS kwiMauerlat.
Zimbini iindlela eziphambili zokuncamathisela: Inzima kwaye ityibilika.
I-HART-i-fasttener enjalo i-MauERT iyafuneka kwiimeko apho kuqhotyoshelwe apha khona, kuba kule meko kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba unyawo luhleli ngesiseko. Akufuneki kubekho nzame kolu hlobo lokukhawulezisa: Ukutsala, ukujikeleza kwetotali, njl. Ukufezekisa oko, unokwenza enye yezi zinto zilandelayo:
- Yenza intetho kunyawo lolwandle;
- Qhuba umtya webhani ye-rester kwi-rafred.
Ukwenza igama kwiMauert, kufuneka kuqala wenze igama kwiinyawo ngaphaya kwephethini. Emva koko kwangenelwa ngaphaya kwe-maryplalat yangaphezulu kweMarylalat kwaye iqinile ngezikhonkwane. Le ndlela isetyenziswa kulo naluphi na ulwakhiwo kwaye ibonelela ngonxibelelwano oluqinileyo.
Ngokwendlela yesibini, ukuphunyezwa kwayo kwenziwa usebenzisa i-page, ebekelwe inyawo lovavanyo. Ngokukhawuleza, iikona zentsimbi ziyasetyenziswa, ezithintela ukutshintsha i-sling kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo.
Ukutyibilika - ezona zinto zininzi zisetyenziswa kwiimeko apho indlu yakhiwe khona kwi-bar okanye ngelogo, ngamanye amagama, xa isakha indlu emthini. Emva koko, lo mthi tshintsha iipropathi zayo, ezizezi, iqala ukuhlala phantsi kwaye yome. Uyilo luphela lwesakhiwo luqala ukuhlala. Amagqabantshintshi anepropathi ehleli, kunjalo kule meko akunakwenzeka ukuba wenze izinto eziqinileyo.
Ukwenzela ukuthintela ukwenziwa kwesakhiwo, indibano enamathiselwe i-rafter ibonelelwa ngokuhamba simahla.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, abavelisi beendawo ezithengiswayo zivelisa izinto ezizodwa ngezi njongo, ezibizwa ngokuba ziZinzi. Ukongeza, iikona zentsimbi ezinemingxunya ye-oblong yezinto ezikhoyo zingasetyenziswa.
Izixhobo kunye nezixhobo zokuKhawulezisa
- Iikona zentsimbi;
- amacwekethi;
- I-wire screed;
- Ibha;
- rafters;
- Iibhotile ngamantongomane;
- I-Electrolovik;
- I-Scresdrers;
- I-Drill;
- Umngxunya.
Ungayenza njani i-rump ye-raft rater kunye nezandla zabo
Iskimu sokunyusa i-maurolati ukuya kwi-Aropoyasa.
Inqaku lesihloko: Igumbi lamadoda ngezandla zabo
Iyonke Sebenzisa iindlela ezintathu ezisisiseko:
- Unxibelelwano lomsebenzi. Ngale nkqubo, indawo ephezulu yeenyawo ze-raft incitshisiwe phantsi kwekona efanayo enethambeka elithambekileyo. Emva koko, uqhagamshelo lwabo lwenzeka. I-engle echanekileyo yotyekelo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise iphethini eyenziwe ngenziwe. Izipikili ezinde zisetyenziselwa ukulungisa.
- Kwi-ski ibalekayo. Le ndlela ifana neyangaphambili. Ihluthwe ngenyaniso kuphela yokuba kule ndlela kukho i-ski pom. Olu uyilo luthembekile, kodwa phantsi kweemeko ezithile, lufuna ukufakela iinkxaso ezongezelelweyo. Oku kunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwegumbi elinjalo njenge-attic. Yiyo loo nto, lo uyilo alulungelanga abo bacebayo kwi-attic lokwenza enye igumbi elincedisiweyo. Eyona nto iphambili yale ndlela kukuba akukho template ifunekayo kulwakhiwo.
- Ivumba. Ngale ndlela, ukudityaniswa okuphezulu kweenyawo zenziwe ezantsi.
Ungalungisa njani iiRharters kwiMauert
Sebenzisa iskimu esifanelekileyo sokufakelwa esichazwe ngezantsi, unokwenza i-fasttener ye-SUFT kwiMauerlate. Ukulandelelana:
- Okokuqala, kuya kufuneka ubeke i-maueetolatine ngokwakhe. Le yibar, eya kusebenza njengenkxaso yolwakhiwo lonke lo rafter. IMauerlate kufuneka ifakwe ngaphezulu kweendonga kwibhanti yekhonkrithi. Ifakiwe kwi-pitan yentsimbi enesitayile ye-120 cm. Ububanzi be-spilling yi-10 mm.
- Ukuba uceba ukwenza i-attic evuthiweyo, emva koko phantsi kweMaurlalat kufakelwe umaleko we-suby
- Amaplanga kufuneka abekwe kufutshane nezitshixo, emva koko kufuneka achaze izithuba zemingxunya yokumba. I-maleert hassis kwiinwele, kwaye ukuqondwa kwe-20-30 mm kufuneka ihlale. Ngoncedo lwamandongomane anobukhulu becala, iMauerlat ilungisiwe.
- Emva kokufaka iMaurolalat, ungaqala ukuqhotyoshelwa kwento ebhalwe kumaplanga enkxaso. Ilungisiwe kusetyenziswa iibakaki zensimbi kunye nezibiyeli.
- Ngendlela efanayo, iirafti ziqhagamshelwe kwi-skiete bar.
Izihloko zisetyenziselwa unxibelelwano: I-Onulin - inobubanzi obuyi-8 mm, ngenxa yophahla lwesanti - i-10-12 mm.