Choto chakaputika chakagadzirirwa kunhuwa chikanda simbi.
Domain process dhizaini.
Iko kusarudzika kwechiitiko ichi ndechekuti vira racho radzoreredzwa nemhou dzesimbi, dziri mune yezvinhu zvinyorwa - ore, mafuta ekupisa zvigadzirwa - hydrogen, kabhoni oxide uye yakasimba carbon. Iyo Shaft Type Blast Fratce Firce mudziyo haisi yakawanda yekunetseka kukuru. Inosanganisira manhamba akati wandei.
Dhizaini yeChoto
Chikamu chepamusoro chevanyori vanoputika chinonzi muchengeti. Yakashongedzerwa nevefeti inodavira kushandira kubvisa guzer gumbo. Izvi zvinoremerwa nezvinhu zvakawona kuburikidza nekudyidzana kwakasarudzika.Pasi pechibvumirano pane yangu ine trucated cone, kuwedzera bhuku racho. Fomu iri rinoita kuti riitike kurerutsa maitiro ekugamuchira zvigadzirwa kubva pokrovnik. Mumugodhi, iyo yekutanga zvinhu zvakabiwa kubva kune Ore oxides inodzorerwa nesimbi yakagadzirirwa nenzira inokosha.
Chikamu chakakura kwazvo chevanyori vanoputika zvinonzi rake. Iyo isina chinhu yekubhururuka ye flux uye ore melts pano, nekuda kwekuti iyo slag inowanikwa.
Chikamu chinotevera chevira chinhu chakarukwa cone chinowedzera kumusoro. Inonzi Paders. Muchigadzirwa ichi, slag fomu inopera, ichisiya imwe flux uye yakasimba mafuta mairi.
Iko kusimuka kwehunhu hwakagamuchirwa kubva kumusoro kunoitika mugomo. Inoshandirawo kuunganidza simbi uye kuoma, zviri mumvura.
Kupisa mafuta, mweya unopisa unodiwa. Inopinda muchoto kubva kumhepo honyeti kuburikidza neyenzi duct, achipfuura nepamhepo. Pasi pegomo, rinova zita reiye lush, rinowanikwa pane hwaro hwakakura kubva kune rakasimbiswa kongiri. Iyo slag uye yakakanda simbi inounganidzwa pano. Pakupera kwemaitiro ekunyungudika, kukanda simbi uye slag inowanikwa pamapendeketi akakosha kune vatyairi vairatidzirwa izvi, mumabhaketi.
Nheyo yevira inoputika
Domini yechoto chirongwa.
Kugadzirwa kwechimoto kuputika kwakarongedzwa nenzira iyo musanganiswa unopinda mundiro kuburikidza nechimiro chinodonha, chakagadzirwa muchimiro chechidiki chidiki chiri kumusoro. Tevere, kubva mundiro, inowira pamakona makuru paunenge uchibvisa, mhosva inopinda ovheni. Sisitimu yakadaro haibvumiri gasi kubva kuchira chevhu chinoputika kuti chibve nharaunda. Mushure mekutakura, kadiki kadiki uye funnel yekugamuchira zvishandiso zvekutora kutenderera pane angle, akawanda madhigirii makumi matanhatu. Izvi zvinodikanwa kuti musanganiswa wakagoverwa zvakafanana.
Chinyorwa pane iyo nyaya: Kugadziriswa mubhavhu kunosanganiswa nechimbuzi: kuraira kwemifananidzo
Offessurgical oven inoenderera mberi nekushanda, musanganiswa wanyungudika uye anodzika pasi, akasunungura nzvimbo yezvikamu zvitsva zvemidziyo. Iyo vhoriyamu inobatsira yedoma inofanirwa kugara izere zvachose. Choto chemazuva ano chinogona kuita vhoriyamu inobatsira kubva pane 2000 kusvika zviuru makumi mashanu m³. Kureba kwayo kunogona kusvika pamakumi matatu m m m m m imth kanokwana katatu. Dhizaini yakadaro yakagadzirwa kunze kwekutadza: Iyo nheyo yekuputika yakavakirwa pamusoro pekufamba kwezvinhu uye magasi kune mumwe nemumwe, izvo zvinobvumidza kuwedzera kushandiswa kwekupisa kusvika 85%.
Nyanga uye leshech inoitwa kubva pachidhina chine huwandu hwakawanda hweAlumina kana kabhoni mabhuru. Ivo vari mukati meiyo Speel Casing uye nguva dzose mukushanda vanozotonhorerwa nemvura inouya mune maviri emvura masisitimu anobva kune firiji yeakakosha dhizaini. Uye kana iyo yekutanga system inoshanda, yechipiri panguva ino iri muchengetedzo. Movers, SHAFT uye RAKE ANOGADZWA NEZVINHU ZVINOGONESWA ZVAKAWANDA.
Pischarik yakashongedzwa nemahwendefa esimbi, cavity mukati iyo izere zvizere neShomoti, uye dome yechoto - zvitofu kubva paumbi.
Yakawedzera domain Fireal Elments
Domain chira dhizaini dhayandi.
Mukuita kwebasa kunoda zvishandiso zvebetsero uye michina iyo inopa yakakwira-mhando cast iron inonyura. Isu tinodikanwa midziyo yekusimudza uye kutakura kutanga zvinhu zvakabikwa muvira.
Moto chomoto chinoda basa risingaperi, kunyanya kana iyo slag uye yakakanda simbi inosunungurwa. Kune izvi, yakawanikwa, iyo yakarongedzwa nemazwi ebridge anochinjirwa. Mhepo ichichengetedza chviyo chekushandisa, kupisa kwakanyanya kwekunyungudika nehuremu hwemhepo inopa mahedhi emhepo. Semuenzaniso, muchoto nehuwandu hunobatsira hwa2000 m³, zvishandiso zvakadaro zvinofanirwa kuendeswa paminiti ye3,800 m‖ yemhepo, tembiricha yeiyo mazana maviri emadhigirii zana. Vakaroorana vakaumbwa nekuda kwemhepo inoyerera mumhepo heater inofanira kugara yakanyorova. Iko kukosha kwechiratidzo ichi kunogadziriswa uchishandisa otomatiki system.
Yakamanikidzwa mhepo, iyo inodiwa kune inopisa mafuta, inopinda muhovheni yekutenda kumishini yekuputika. Dzvinyiriro yayo pamubhadharo mumidziyo yemazuva ano inosvika makumi maviri nemashanu mpa. Kucheneswa kweiyo coher gasi inoitika nenzira yegesi yegesi.
Chii chinonzi domain maitiro
Domain Fire Chiraya: 1. Kupisa kunopisa.2. Inonyungudika nzvimbo (Paders uye nyanga) .3. Foo Kudzorera Zone (Rake) .4. Kudzorera zone fe2o3 (mine) .5. Kugadzirira zone (mutsara) .6. Kuisa Iron Ore Zvigadzirwa, Limestone uye Coke.7. Domain Gaza.8. Zvichiri zvezvishandiso zvesimbi zvesimbi, limestone uye coke.9. Nyaya slag.10. Nyaya yemvura ikakanda iron.11. Unganidza marara magasi.
Chinyorwa pane iyo nyaya: Sandstone matipi anozviita iwe pachako
Nekunhuhwirira kwakabudirira kwekurasa simbi mune choto chekuputika, zvakakwirira zvinofanirwa kugara zvichicherechedzwa. Kutanga, tembiricha mumatanda uye kupisa kunofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuyerera kweanodiwa maitiro munzvimbo chaiyo uye pane imwe nguva. Izvi zvinoitika nekuda kwekufamba kwakananga kumamwe manhamba maviri. Iyo gasi kubva mukusuruvara kwehuni inobuda kubva pasi kumusoro, uye musanganiswa, kupisa kwegesi, anodzika kumusoro kusvika pasi. Kechipiri, iyo slag inofanira kuumbwa chete kana kudzoreredzwa kwesimbi uye kusviba kunodiwa kubva ku ore vachapera. Izvo zvakakosha kusarudza nenzira kwayo kudzikamwisa kwekusagadzikana ne simbi. Izvi zvinodikanwa kuti svina isingaregi ichimhara ore, iyo ichazotungamira mukuchinja kweiyo nzvimbo yekukanda uye inogona kukonzera kukundikana kuri kuita smlet.
Kutanga kweichi maitiro ndiko kupisa mafuta. Kana uchipindirana neokisijeni, gasi rechisikigo uye carbon coke kurwisa, kugadzira kusunungurwa kwakasimba kwekudziya.
C + O2 = CO2 + Q; Ch4 + 2O2 = CO2 + 2H2O + Q
Kubatanidzwa kwezvigadzirwa zveCucustion neCoke zvinoenderana nemaitiro ari kuitika:
CO2 + C = 2C - Q; H2O + C = CO + H2 - Q
Mumusanganiswa uyu, kabhoni monoxide ndiyo huru yesimbi yekudzora mumiririri wemhando yesimbi. Kuti uwedzere kushanda kwechirungu, mhepo inopinda muchoto yakanyoroveswa, nekuda kwekuti iyo huwandu hwekudzora mumiririri anowedzera. Paunenge uchisimudza gumbu, tembiricha yeiyo yakakwira zvakakwana, ichichengetedza musanganiswa. Ivo vamene vanodzikiridzwa pane anenge mazana matatu nemakumi matatu emadhigirii. Musanganiswa unofamba pasi kuti usangane negesi. Kana tembiricha ichisvika inosvika 570 ° C, iyo imbi oxides inodzoserwa. Maitiro aya ane akati wandei anoteedzana matanho maererano neiyo Scheme: FE2O3 -> Fe3o4 -> Fo -> Fe.
Aya maitiro emakemikari anoona tembiricha. Kudzoreredzwa kwesimbi oxide kunoitika neine solid kabhoni (kuderedzwa kwakananga), hydrogen uye kabhoni oxide (zvisina kunanga kupora). Muchiitiko chekutanga, maitiro anoitwa munzvimbo yekubvisa kana paine tembiricha yakanyanya kuenderana neyekuita: FEO + C = FE + CO - Q.
Mune yechipiri nyaya, nekudzikiswa zvisina kunanga, kuita kunoitika pane tembiricha yakadzika kumusoro kwechoto: 3fe2o3 + co = 2 + q; q; Fe3o4 + Co = 3fe O + CO2 - Q; Fe o + co = fe + co2 + Q.
Chinyorwa pane iyo nyaya: Maitiro ekucheka imba ine log muka?
Shag Fform
Pane tembiricha inodiwa yesimbi, yakaderedzwa kubva ore, ine zvimwe zviitiko zvinopera kabhoni. Nekuda kweizvi, pane kuderera kwenzvimbo yekunyungudika, uye simbi inonyungudika pakudziya kweanenge 1300 ° C. Alloy inokonzeresa, mukuwirirana neCoke, yakagutswa nezvinhu zvakadaro seSilicon, phosphorous, kabhoni, mangaanese, yakadzoreredzwa kubva ore. Sulfa Saturation inoitika pakudziya kwe1200 madhigirii kubva kuCoke. Pazasi pechoto kana futing fluxes, dombo risina chinhu uye dombo risina chinhu rakaumbwa rakaumbwa rine kuumbwa kwenzombe yezvinhu zvakafanana. Kuumbwa kweiyo slag, pamwe nedare rakaraswa, rakatarwa nekuumbwa kwemusanganiswa wekutanga. Nekuda kwekuti iyo slag ine density diki, iri pamusoro peimba yekukanda.
Yagadzirira Simbi inogadzirwa kubva kune choto kuburikidza neFlyer neese 3-4 maawa. Iyo slag inogadzirwawo kuburikidza nedzimwe mutyairi mushure meawa 1-2 maawa. Vatyairi vanovhurwa vachishandisa chishandiso chakakosha, uye ipapo vakavharwa neyeformation. Dzandwa simbi uye slag inobatanidzwa mumabhawa anokosha uye ndiro. Tevere, iron iron yakatumirwa kuchitoro - Martenovsky kana Oxygen Converter, - uko kuenderera kwacho kwakawedzera kuitwa.
Zvigadzirwa zvinokonzerwa nechero domain maitiro
Chinhu chakanyanya kukosha chigadzirwa chinokonzerwa nekunhuhwirira kwakakandwa simbi, iwo akasiyana marudzi - maficha neAlmathts. Ivo vane zvakasiyana zvemukati zvezvinhu, zvichienderana neizvo zvinoshandiswa zvavo zvinoitika.
Pamwe chete nechigadzirwa chikuru kana kuchema, zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvinowanikwa - slag, cozer gasi uye coszerniki guruva. Slag inoshandiswa kugadzira zvekuvaka. Semuenzaniso, kana iri ichidururwa mumvura, zvinhu zvine chimiro chakaringana chakawanikwa. Iyo yakazonyorwazve inoshandiswa pakugadzirwa kwezvidhinha, simende uye zvimwe zvinhu.
Palcetic Gasi yakaumbwa kana ichinge yasvibirwa yemafuta ichicheneswa nenzira yakakosha kubva kuguruva uye ore zvimedu zvemhando. Iyo inoshandiswa sehuni munzvimbo dzekutonga uye boilers dzichishanda pamvura kana vaviri. Kana iwe ukasanganisa gasi coher neyechisikigo, ipapo inogona kushandiswa mumatendi marten.
Chimwe chigadzirwa cheiyo domain sminlting iguruva rekubwinya. Iyo ine muumbi kwayo kubva pamakumi mana kusvika makumi mashanu muzana yesimbi uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukukwezva.