Itanura ryaturika ryagenewe kunuka kwicyuma.
Igishushanyo mbonera.
Intangiriro yiyi nzira nuko itanura risubizwa na oxyide yicyuma, riri mubikoresho byamasoko - ibikomoka kuri ore, ibikomoka kuri lisansi - hydrogen, carbone, karubone. Ubwoko bwa putift buturika Igikoresho ntabwo ari byinshi bigoye. Igizwe nibisobanuro byinshi.
Igishushanyo cy'itanura
Igice cyo hejuru cyitanura ryaturika ryitwa cosser. Ifite ibikoresho bya gaze bitanga kugirango ikureho kase ya cozher. Ibi biremerewe nibikoresho fatizo binyuze mubikoresho bidasanzwe byo kugwa.Munsi ya Colrisstery Hariho uwanjye ufite cone yagabanijwe, yagura igitabo. Iyi fomu ituma bishoboka koroshya inzira yo kwakira ibikoresho fatizo biva muri Pokrovnik. Mu kirombe, ibikoresho fatizo byambere biva kumafaranga ya ore birasubizwa nicyuma bitemwe muburyo budasanzwe.
Igiciro cya kera cyitanura ryaka ryitwa Rake. Ubwoko bwuzuye bworoshye bwa flux na ore gushonga hano, bitewe no gusiganwa.
Igice gikurikira cyitanura ni cone yagabanijwe. Byitwa Paderi. Muri iki gishushanyo, gucibwa guswera birangira, gusiga fluele na lisansi ikomeye.
Gukandumirwa kwa lisansi byakiriwe bivuye hejuru bibaho kumusozi. Ikora kandi kwegeranya ibyuma no gusebanya, biri mu mazi.
Gutwika lisansi, umwuka ushyushye urakenewe. Yinjiye mu itanura kuva mu bushyuhe bwo mu kirere binyuze mu muyoboro wa buri mwaka, anyura mu kato. Munsi yumusozi, nizina ryikirere, riherereye kuri Fondasiyo nini kuva beto. Gucara no gutera icyuma byegeranijwe hano. Iyo inzira yo gushonga, gutera icyuma no gusebanya birahari ku musaruzi udasanzwe kugana abaderevu bagenewe ibi, mu ndobo.
Ihame ryo gutanura
Tanura.
Igishushanyo mbonera cyitanura gitunganijwe kuburyo uruvange rwinjira mu gikombe binyuze mu gikoresho kigwa, gikozwe muburyo bwa cone nto iherereye hejuru. Ibikurikira, uhereye ku gikombe, kigwa kuri cone nini iyo uyisibye, kwishyuza irinjira. Sisitemu nkiyi ntabwo yemerera gaze mu itanura ryituruzi kugirango ryinjire ibidukikije. Nyuma yo gupakira, cone nto hamwe na funnel yo kwakira ibikoresho bibisi bizunguruka ku nguni, dogere 60. Ibi birakenewe kugirango uruvange rutangwa kimwe.
Ingingo kuri iyo ngingo: Gusana mu bwiherero hamwe no mu musarani: Inyigisho
Itara rya Metallurgical rikomeje gukora, imvange irashonga kandi imanuka hasi, ikuramo aho hantu hashize ibice byibikoresho fatizo. Ubunini bwingirakamaro bwurubuga bugomba guhora bwuzuye. Itanura rya kilometero igezweho rishobora kugira umubumbe wingirakamaro kuva 2000 kugeza 50.000 M³. Uburebure bwabwo burashobora kugera kuri m 35, hafi inshuro eshatu za diameter yayo. Igishushanyo nkiki cyahimbwe kubera gutsindwa: Ihame ryitanura ryaka rishingiye ku kugenda n'ibikoresho bigamije, bitumangera kongera imikoreshereze y'ubushyuhe kugeza 85%.
Ihembe na Lesheki bikozwe mu matafari afite umubare munini wa alumina cyangwa karubone. Ziherereye imbere yibyuma kandi burigihe mugikorwa cyo gukora gikonjeshwa namazi ari muri sisitemu ebyiri z'amazi kuva banze igishushanyo mbonera. Kandi iyo sisitemu yambere ikora, isegonda muri iki gihe iri mubigega. Movers, igiti na Rake bikozwe mu matafari.
Pischarik ashushanyijeho amasahani yicyuma, inkumi imbere yuzuye Shamoth, hamwe na dome yitanura - Amashyiga ava muri cyuma.
Ibihe byinyongera bya Domani
Igikoresho cya Domain Igikoresho Igikoresho.
Mugihe cyumurimo bisaba ibikoresho nubufatanye bitanga ubuziranenge bwicyuma. Turakenewe ni ibikoresho byo guterura no gupakira ibikoresho fatizo mu itanura.
Itanura rya domain risaba serivisi ihoraho, cyane cyane iyo slag ikarekuwe icyuma. Kubwibyo, kubahiriza, bifite ibikoresho byikiraro byahujwe. Gushyushya umwuka ku itanura, ubushyuhe bwinshi bwo gushonga hamwe n'umuyaga muto utange ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere. Kurugero, mu itanura hamwe nijwi ryingirakamaro rya m³ 2000, ibikoresho nkibi bigomba gutangwa kumunota wa 3.800 m³ yumuyaga, ubushyuhe bwa dogere 1200. Abashakanye bashizweho kubera umwuka utemba mu cyumba ikirere bugomba guhora butose. Agaciro k'iki kimenyetso cyahinduwe ukoresheje sisitemu yikora.
Umwuka ufunzwe, ukenewe kugirango utwikire lisansi, yinjira muri oven ashimira imashini zivuza. Igitutu cyacyo kumuriro mu itanura rya kijyambere rigera kuri 25 MPA. Gusukura Ganduka ka Cozher bibaho hakoreshejwe isuri ya gaze.
Ni ubuhe buryo bwa domaine
Igikoresho cya Domain Igikoresho: 1. Gushyuha ..2. Gushonga Zone (Pader na Horn) .3. Agace ka Feo (Rake) .4. Kugarura Zone Fe2O3 (ibyanjye) .5. Gutezimbere Zone (Row) .6. Gupakira Iron Ore ibikoresho, hekestone na kokiya.7. Domaine gaza.8. Biracyafite ibikoresho bya ore ore, hekestone na kokiya.9. Ikibazo gikubita.10. Ikibazo cy'amazi mazi .1. Kusanya imyanda.
Ingingo kuri iyo ngingo: Inzira yumusenyi irabikora wenyine
Kubwo gushonga neza kwicyuma mu itanura ryaka, ingingo zingenzi zigomba kuboneka. Ubwa mbere, ubushyuhe buri hejuru nubushyuhe bugomba kwemeza ko ibintu bisabwa byateganijwe ahantu heza no mugihe runaka. Ibi bibaho kubera kugenda kwerekeza kuri mugenzimbo ibiri. Gazi kuva ku gutwikwa kwa lisansi irazamuka hejuru, n'ivanga, ubushyuhe bukabije bwa gaze, bumanuka kuva hejuru kugeza hasi. Icya kabiri, igicapo kigomba gushirwaho gusa niba kugarura icyuma hamwe nu ntundi akenewe kuva kuri ore bizarangira. Ni ngombwa guhitamo neza guswera akoresheje icyuma. Ibi birakenewe kugirango iyicwe ari imburaruru zitarashaka, bizagatera guhindukirira impinduka mu bigize icyuma kandi birashobora kunanirwa muburyo bwo gushonga.
Intangiriro yiki gikorwa ni gutwika lisansi. Iyo usabana na ogisijeni, gaze gasanzwe hamwe na karubone karbone kurugamba, gukora ubushyuhe bukomeye.
C + o2 = CO2 + q; Ch4 + 2o2 = CO2 + 2H2O + Q.
Imikoranire yibicuruzwa byo gutwika hamwe na kokiya hakurikijwe reaction iba:
CO2 + C = 2Co - Ikibazo; H2O + C = CO + H2 - Q
Muri iyi mvange, monoxyde de carbone nigikorwa nyamukuru gigabanya umukozi w'icyuma. Kugirango wongere itanura, umwuka winjiza itanura utorohewe, kubera umubare wo kugabanya umukozi wiyongera. Mugihe uzamura gase, ubushyuhe buri hejuru bihagije, gushyushya imvange. Bo ubwabo bakonje kuri dogere 300-400. Imvange yimukira guhura gaze. Iyo ubushyuhe bugera kuri 570 ° C, oxide yicyuma iragarurwa. Iyi nzira igizwe nibyinshi bikurikiranye ukurikije gahunda: Fe2O3 -> Fe3o4 -> Feo -> Fe.
Ibi bitekerezo byimiti byerekana ubushyuhe. Kugarura oxide yicyuma bibaho hamwe na karubone ikomeye (kugabanya itaziguye), hydrogen na carbone oxide (kugarura itaziguye). Mu rubanza rwa mbere, inzira ikorwa muri zone yo gutangaro niba hari ubushyuhe bwinshi bukurikije reaction: Feo + C = FE + CO - q.
Ku rubanza rwa kabiri, kugabanya itaziguye, reaction ibaho ku bushyuhe bwo hasi hejuru yitanura: 3fe2o3 + co = 2fe3o4 + co2 + q; Fe3o4 + co = 3fe o + co2 - q; Fe o + co = fe + co2 + q.
Ingingo ku ngingo: Nigute watema inzu yibiti muri paw?
Shag
Ku bushyuhe bukenewe bwicyuma, bwaragabanutse buva kuri ore, hamwe nibisubizo runaka birasenyuka karubone. Bitewe nibi, hagabanuka muburyo bwo gushonga, kandi icyuma gishonga ku bushyuhe bwa 1300 ° C. Akomywe, mu guhura na kokiya, yuzuyemo ibintu nka siliconi, fosifore, Carbone, Mangane, yakize kuri ore. SULFUR yuzuye ibaho ku bushyuhe bwa dogere 1200 kuri Coke. Hasi yitanura mugihe uhinduranya urutare, ubwoko bwubusa na ash burimo gucikamo ibice birimo ibigize oxide yibintu bimwe nkabahinduranya. Ibigize Gusebanya, kimwe n'icyuma, bigenwa nibigize impuzandengo yambere. Bitewe nuko gusebanya bifite ubucucike buto, biherereye hejuru yicyuma.
Witegure Icyuma kiva mu itanura unyuze kuri flayeri buri masaha 3-4. Gukubita no gukorwa no muyindi pilote nyuma yamasaha 1-2. Abaderevu bahujwe hakoreshejwe igikoresho cyihariye, hanyuma bafunzwe nibigize. Fata Icyuma na Slag Ibihumyo mu ndobo zidasanzwe. Ibikurikira, icyuma cya SAPE cyoherejwe mu iduka - Martnovsky cyangwa Oxygen ihinduka, - aho ibindi bitunganyirizwa.
Ibicuruzwa biva mubikorwa bya domeni
Ibicuruzwa byingenzi biva mu gushonga bitera icyuma, aribwo buryo butandukanye - iyfatira kandi bya eNly. Bafite ibintu bitandukanye mubigize, bitewe nuburyo bwabo bukoreshwa.
Hamwe nibicuruzwa nyamukuru mugihe kuboha, ibicuruzwa byinyongera biboneka - Gusebanya, gaze ya gaze numukungugu wa Coszerniki. Gusiba gakoreshwa mugukora ibikoresho byubwubatsi. Kurugero, niba bisuka mumazi, ibikoresho bifite imiterere nziza. Nyuma ikoreshwa mu gutanga amatafari, sima n'ibindi bikoresho.
Gazi ya palcetike yarakozwe mugihe cyo gutwika lisansi isukurwa nuburyo bwihariye buva mu mukungugu no mu duce. Ikoreshwa nka lisansi mu itanura rya domeni hamwe nubwako gukora kumazi cyangwa abashakanye. Niba uvanze gaze ya cozher hamwe nibisanzwe, noneho birashobora gukoreshwa mu itanura rya PARTEN.
Ikindi gicuruzwa cyurutonde rwa domaine ni umukungugu wa Akote. Irimo mubigize kuva kuri 40 kugeza kuri 50% yicyuma kandi ikoreshwa cyane muri agglomeration.